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Hebius sarawacensis (GÜNTHER, 1872)

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Higher TaxaColubridae (Natricinae), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Sarawak Keelback
G: Sarawak Wassernatter 
SynonymTropidonotus sarawacensis GÜNTHER 1872: 596
Tropidonotus saravacensis — BOULENGER 1893: 261
Tropidonotus maculatus PETERS 1871: 575 (not T. m. EDELING 1864)
Natrix sarawacensis — SMEDLEY 1931: 116
Amphiesma sarawacensis — GRANDISON 1972: 84
Natrix sarawacensis — TWEEDIE 1953: 72
Amphiesma saravacensis — MALNATE 1960: 51
Amphiesma sarawacensis — MANTHEY & GROSSMANN 1997: 315
Amphiesma sarawacense — DAVID, VOGEL & PAUWELS 1998
Amphiesma saravacensis — INGER & VORIS 2001
Amphiesma sarawacensis — MALKMUS et al. 2002
Amphiesma saravacense — DAS 2006
Hebius sarawacense — GUO et al. 2014
Amphiesma sarawacense — WALLACH et al. 2014: 32
Rhabdophis sarawacensis — WALLACH et al. 2014: 636
Hebius sarawacensis — DAVID et al. 2021
Hebius saravacensis — DAS 2023: 11 
DistributionMalaysia (Sarawak, Borneo; West Malaysia), Indonesia (Kalimantan)

Type locality: "Mantang. Borneo''  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesSyntypes: BMNH 1946.1.13.12, 1946.1.13.13, and 1946.1.13.14, males and female (A. Everett). 
Diagnosis 
CommentSimilar species: Very similar to Rhabdophis chrysargos.

Synonymy partly after MALKMUS et al. (2002). 
EtymologyNamed after the type locality, which is in Sarawak. 
References
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1893. Catalogue of the snakes in the British Museum (Nat. Hist.) I. London (Taylor & Francis), 448 pp. - get paper here
  • Das, I. 2012. A Naturalist's Guide to the Snakes of South-East Asia: Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Myanmar, Borneo, Sumatra, Java and Bali. Oxford J, ohn Beaufoy Publishing - get paper here
  • Das, Indraneil 2006. Crocker Range National Park, Sabah, as a refuge for Borneo's montane herpetofauna. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 4 (1): 3-11 - get paper here
  • Das, Indraneil 2023. Snakes of a Continental Island: History and Patterns of Discovery of the Snake Fauna of Borneo to the Start of the Anthropocene. In: Lillywhite & Martins, eds., Islands and snakes, vol. II. Oxford University Press, p. 1 ff - get paper here
  • David P., G. Vogel & Pauwels,O. 1998. Amphiesma optatum (Hu & Djao, 1966) (Serpentes, Colubridae): an addition to the snake fauna of Vietnam, with a list of the species of the genus Amphiesma and a note on its type species. Journal of Taiwan Museum 51 (2): 83-92 - get paper here
  • David, P. & Das, I. 2003. A new species of the snake genus Amphiesma (Serpentes: Colubridae: Natricinae) from Western Sumatra, Indonesia. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 51(2): 413-419 - get paper here
  • David, Patrick and Gernot Vogel. 2010. A new species of Natricine snake genus Amphiesma from Borneo (Squamata: Natricidae). Russ. J. Herpetol. 17 (2): 121-127 - get paper here
  • DAVID, PATRICK; GERNOT VOGEL, TRUONG QUANG NGUYEN, NIKOLAI L. ORLOV, OLIVIER S. G. PAUWELS, ALEXANDRE TEYNIÉ, THOMAS ZIEGLER 2021. A revision of the dark-bellied, stream-dwelling snakes of the genus Hebius (Reptilia: Squamata: Natricidae) with the description of a new species from China, Vietnam and Thailand. Zootaxa 4911: 1–61 - get paper here
  • De Haas, C.P.J. 1949. The genus Natrix in the collection of the Raffles Museum and its distribution in the Malay Peninsula. Bull. Raffles Mus. No. 19: 78-97 - get paper here
  • Grandison, A.G.C. 1972. The Gunong Benom Expedition 1967. 5. Reptiles and amphibians of Gunong Benom with a description of a new species of Macrocalamus. Bull. Br. Mus. nat. Hist. (Zool.), London, 23: 45-101. - get paper here
  • Günther, A. 1872. On the reptiles and amphibians of Borneo. Proc. Zool. Soc. London 1872: 586-600. - get paper here
  • GUO, PENG; FEI ZHU, QIN LIU, LIANG ZHANG, JIAN X. LI, YU Y. HUANG & R. ALEXANDER PYRON 2014. A taxonomic revision of the Asian keelback snakes, genus Amphiesma (Serpentes: Colubridae: Natricinae), with description of a new species. Zootaxa 3873 (4): 425–440 - get paper here
  • Inger, R.F. & Voris, H. K. 2001. The biogeographical relations of the frogs and snakes of Sundaland. Journal of Biogeography 28: 863-89 1
  • Malkmus, R.; Manthey, U.; Vogel, G. Hoffmann, P. & Kosuch, J. 2002. Amphibians and reptiles of Mount Kinabalu (North Borneo). A.R.G. Ganther Verlag, Rugell, 404 pp.
  • Malnate, Edmond V. 1960. Systematic division and evolution of the colubrid snake genus Natrix, with comments on the subfamily Natricinae. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 112 (3): 41-71. - get paper here
  • Manthey, U. & Grossmann, W. 1997. Amphibien & Reptilien Südostasiens. Natur und Tier Verlag (Münster), 512 pp. - get paper here
  • Manthey,U. 1983. Exkursion am Mt. Kinabalu (4101 m), Nordborneo, Teil 3: Checkliste der Herpetofauna oberhalb 600 m ü. NN. Herpetofauna 5 (23): 20-31 - get paper here
  • Peters, W. 1871. Uber neue Reptilien aus Ostafrika und Sarawak (Borneo), vorzüglich aus der Sammlung des Hrn. Marquis J. Doria zu Genua. Mber. k. preuss. Akad. Wiss., Berlin [1871]: 566-581 - get paper here
  • Rooijen, J. van & Rooijen, M. van 2004. Einige Beobachtungen zur terrestrischen Schlangenfauna auf der Halbinsel Santubong, Sarawak, Ost-Malaysia. Sauria 26 (4): 19-28 - get paper here
  • Smedley, N. 1932. Amphibians and reptiles from the Cameron Highlands, Malay Peninsula. Bull. Raffles Mus. 6: 105 - 123 [1931] - get paper here
  • Stuebing, R.B., Inger, R.F. & Lardner, B. 2014. A field guide to the snakes of Borneo, second edition. Natural history Publications (Borneo)
  • Tweedie, M. W. F. 1953. The snakes of Malaya. Singapore National Printers (Pte) Ltd., Singapore. 139 pp.
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
  • Ziegler, T., and Quyet, L.K. 2006. A new natricine snake of the genus Amphiesma (Squamata: Colubridae: Natricinae) from the central Truong Son, Vietnam. Zootaxa 1225: 39-56 - get paper here
 
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