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Hemibungarus gemianulis PETERS, 1872

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Higher TaxaElapidae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: [Double-barred] Philippine False Coral Snake; Barred Coral Snake 
SynonymHemibungarus gemianulis PETERS 1872
Hemibungarus calligaster gemianulis — WELCH 1994: 65
Calliophis calligaster gemianulis — ALCALA et al. 2004
Hemibungarus calligaster gemianulis — GAULKE 2011: 320
Hemibungarus gemianulis — LEVITON et al. 2014
Hemibungarus gemianulis — SUPSUP et al. 2016
Hemibungarus gemianulis — GAULKE 2019: 56 
DistributionPhilippines (Cebu, Negros, Panay)

Type locality: “Philippinen”  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: ZMB 7405 
DiagnosisDESCRIPTION. Black rings on body divided by narrow white annuli; white annuli on dorsum 60–83; temporal region either light (cream or reddish) or very lightly spotted with melanin; ventrals 196–227; subcaudals 15–21 (from Leviton et al. 2014: 495). 
CommentSynonymy: Wallach et al. 2014: 325 list this species as synonym of Hemibungarus calligaster. 
References
  • Alcala, E.L.; Alcala, A.C. & Dolino, C.N. 2004. Amphibians and Reptiles in tropical rainforest fragments on Negros Island, the Philippines. Env. Cons.31 (3): 254-261 - get paper here
  • Brown, R. M., Bernstein, J., Fernandez, J., Sanguila, M. B., Meneses, C. G., Siler, C. D., ... & Gaulke, M. 2022. Juvenile colouration, ontogenetic colour shifts, defensive behaviour, and frontal “hooding” threat display in Philippine coral snakes (Elapidae: Hemibungarus). Herpetology Notes 15: 183-192
  • Gaulke, M. 2011. The herpetofauna of Panay Island, Philippines. Edition Chimaira, 390 pp.
  • Gaulke, M. 2019. Zur Schlangenfauna der philippinischen Insel Panay. Elaphe 2019 (2): 46-57
  • Leviton, A.E., R.M. Brown, and C.D. Siler. 2014. The dangerously venomous snakes of the Philippine Archipelago. in The Coral Triangle: The 2011 Hearst Biodiversity Philippine Expedition (G.C. Williams and T.M. Gosliner, eds.). California Academy of Sciences, USA, Pp 473–530
  • Peters, Wilhem Carl Hartwig 1872. Über drei neue Schlangenarten (Calamaria bitorques, Stenognathus brevirostris und Hemibungarus gemianulis) von den Philippinen. Monatsber. königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin. 1872 (Juli): 585-587 - get paper here
  • SUPSUP, Christian E.; Nevong M. PUNA, Augusto A. ASIS, Bernard R. REDOBLADO, Maria Fatima G. PANAGUINIT, Faith M. GUINTO, Edmund B. RICO, Arvin C. DIESMOS, Rafe M. BROWN and Neil Aldrin D. MALLARI 2016. Amphibians and Reptiles of Cebu, Philippines: The Poorly Understood Herpetofauna of an Island with Very Little Remaining Natural Habitat. Asian Herpetological Research 2016, 7(3): 151–179 DOI: 10.16373/j.cnki.ahr.150049 - get paper here
  • Weinell, Jeffrey L.; Errol Hooper, Alan E. Leviton, Rafe M. Brown 2019. Illustrated Key to the Snakes of the Philippines. Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. (4) 66 (1): 1-49 - get paper here
 
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