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Hemidactylus awashensis ŠMÍD, MORAVEC, KRATOCHVIL, NASHER, MAZUCH, GVOŽDÍK & CARRANZA, 2015

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Higher TaxaGekkonidae, Gekkota, Sauria, Squamata (lizards: geckos)
Subspecies 
Common Names 
SynonymHemidactylus awashensis SMID, MORAVEC, KRATOCHVIL, NASHER, MAZUCH, GVOZDIK & CARRANZA 2015
Hemidactylus macropholis — LANZA 1972 [partim]
Hemidactylus macropholis — LANZA 1978 [partim]
Hemidactylus macropholis — LARGEN & SPAWLS 2006 [partim]
Hemidactylus macropholis — LARGEN & SPAWLS 2010 [partim]
Hemidactylus aff. macropholis — MAZUCH 2013
Hemidactylus sp. 11 — SMID et al. 2013 
DistributionEthiopia (Oromia Region)

Type locality: Ethiopia, Oromia Region, Metehara, 8.922°N, 39.91°E, 981 m elevation  
Reproductionoviparous (manual imputation, fide Zimin et al. 2022) 
TypesHolotype: NMP 6V 74979, adult male (MorphoBank M329043-M329085), 19. XI. 2010, collected by T. Mazuch.
Paratypes. All paratypes were collected in the vicinity of Metehara by T.Mazuch, P.Novak, V.Trailin. NMP6V 74980, adult male (MorphoBank M329086-M329118), 8.931°N, 39.905°E, 1020 m elevation; NMP6V 74977, adult female (MorphoBank M328897-M328937), 8.921°N, 39.903°E, 990 m elevation, both collected 19. XI. 2010; NMP6V 74978/1-3, subadult female (NMP6V 74978/1, MorphoBank M328942-M328968), adult female (NMP6V 74978/2, MorphoBank M328969-M329004), adult male (NMP6V 74978/3, MorphoBank M329005_M329042), 8.908°N, 39.912°E, 964 m elevation, 22. VII. 2011. For additional specimens see SMID et al. 2015. 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: A medium-sized species of the H. robustus species group within the arid clade of Hemidactylus characterized by: (1) medium size with maximum recorded SVL 54.8 mm (45.3-54.8 mm in males, 38.5-52.4 mm in females); (2) large and robust head (HL 13.3 +/- 1.7 mm, HD = 5.8 +/- 0.6 mm, HL = 26- 28% of SVL, HD = 41-46% of HL); (3) relatively large horizontal eye diameter (24-29% of HL); (4) uppermost nasals always separated by a small shield; (5) large anterior postmentals in wide mutual contact; (6) dorsum with 14 longitudinal rows of enlarged, strongly keeled, conical tubercles; (7) low number of preanal pores in males (4-5); (8) 8 lamellae under the 1st toe; (9) 11-12 lamellae under the 4th toe; (10) enlarged subcaudals; (11) brownish grey colouration with a row of dark brown vertebral blotches starting on the nape and continuing as transverse bars (12-13) onto tail, smaller isolated dark patches also on flanks, dark horizontal stripe in prefrontal and temporal region [SMID et al. 2015]. 
CommentAbundance: only known from its original description (Meiri et al. 2017). 
EtymologyThe species epithet is an adjective referring to the region where all known material has been collected the surroundings of the Awash National Park in central Ethiopia. 
References
  • Lanza B 1978. On some new or interesting east African amphibians and reptiles. Monitore Zoologico Italiano supplemento 10 (14): 229-297 - get paper here
  • Lanza, B. 1972. The reptiles of Awash National Park (Shoa, Ethiopia). Monitore Zool. Ital. Suppl. 4(7) (n.s.): 159-184. - get paper here
  • Largen, M.J.; Spawls, S. 2006. Lizards of Ethiopia (Reptilia Sauria): an annotated checklist, bibliography, gazetteer and identification. Tropical Zoology 19 (1): 21-109 - get paper here
  • Largen, M.J.; Spawls, S. 2010. Amphibians and Reptiles of Ethiopia and Eritrea. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt, 694 pp.
  • Mazuch, Tomáš 2013. Amphibians and Reptiles of Somaliland and Eastern Ethiopia. Tomáš Mazuch Publishing, 80 pp. ISBN: 978-80-905439-0-4 - get paper here
  • Meiri, Shai; Aaron M. Bauer, Allen Allison, Fernando Castro-Herrera, Laurent Chirio, Guarino Colli, Indraneil Das, Tiffany M. Doan, Frank Glaw, Lee L. Grismer, Marinus Hoogmoed, Fred Kraus, Matthew LeBreton, Danny Meirte, Zoltán T. Nagy, Cristiano d 2017. Extinct, obscure or imaginary: the lizard species with the smallest ranges. Diversity and Distributions - get paper here
  • Šmíd J, Moravec J, Kratochvíl L, Gvoždík V, Nasher AK, Busais SM, Wilms T, Shobrak MY, Carranza S 2013. Two newly recognized species of Hemidactylus (Squamata, Gekkonidae) from the Arabian Peninsula and Sinai, Egypt. ZooKeys 355: 79–107 - get paper here
  • Šmíd, Jiří et al. 2015. Multilocus phylogeny and taxonomic revision of the Hemidactylus robustus species group (Reptilia, Gekkonidae) with descriptions of three new species from Yemen and Ethiopia. Systematics and Biodiversity, DOI: 10.1080/14772000.2014.996264 - get paper here
  • Šmíd, Jiří; Marek Uvizl, Mohammed Shobrak, Salem Busais, Al Faqih Ali Salim, Raed Hamoud M. AlGethami, Abdulaziz Raqi AlGethami, Abdulkarim Saleh K. Alanazi, Saad Dasman Alsubaie, Michail Rovatsos, Lucie Nováková, Tomáš Mazuch & Salvador Carranza 2022. Diversification of Hemidactylus geckos (Squamata: Gekkonidae) in coastal plains and islands of southwestern Arabia with descriptions and complete mitochondrial genomes of two endemic species to Saudi Arabia. Organisms Diversity & Evolution, 1-23 - get paper here
  • Šmíd, Jiří; Salvador Carranza, Lukáš Kratochvíl, Václav Gvoždík, Abdul Karim Nasher, Jiří Moravec 2013. Out of Arabia: A Complex Biogeographic History of Multiple Vicariance and Dispersal Events in the Gecko Genus Hemidactylus (Reptilia: Gekkonidae). PLoS One 8(5): e64018 - get paper here
  • Spawls, Stephen; Tomáš Mazuch & Abubakr Mohammad 2023. Handbook of Amphibians and Reptiles of North-east Africa. Bloomsbury, 640 pp. - get paper here
  • Zimin, A., Zimin, S. V., Shine, R., Avila, L., Bauer, A., Böhm, M., Brown, R., Barki, G., de Oliveira Caetano, G. H., Castro Herrera, F., Chapple, D. G., Chirio, L., Colli, G. R., Doan, T. M., Glaw, F., Grismer, L. L., Itescu, Y., Kraus, F., LeBreton 2022. A global analysis of viviparity in squamates highlights its prevalence in cold climates. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 00, 1–16 - get paper here
 
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