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Hemidactylus kushmorensis MURRAY, 1884

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Higher TaxaGekkonidae, Gekkota, Sauria, Squamata (lizards: geckos)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Kushmore House Gecko
G: Kushmore-Halbfingergecko, Kushmore-Hausgecko 
SynonymHemidactylus kushmorensis MURRAY 1884: 109
Hemidactylus kushmorensis — BOULENGER 1885: 135
Hemidactylus kushmorensis — MAHONY 2011 
DistributionE Pakistan (Sindh)

Type locality: “Bhaner, Upper Sind frontier”, [27°54’0”N, 69°5’0”E]. Neotype locality: Sukkur District, Sindh Province, eastern Pakistan).  
Reproductionoviparous (manual imputation, fide Zimin et al. 2022) 
TypesNeotype: BMNH 1887.9.22.8, adult male, designated by Mahony 2011. 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Hemidactylus kushmorensis can be distinguished from all currently described South and Southeast Asian members of Hemidactylus based on the following combination of characters: small adult size 45.4–51.4 mm; TrL/SVL 42.7–46.8%; HL/SVL 26.3–28.2%; primary postmental shields considerably narrower than first infrala- bials, secondary pair broadly in contact with first infralabials; ear opening circular; tubercles of the parietal region are considerably smaller than largest canthal scales; 19–20 regular longitudinal rows of dorsal tubercles, largest tubercles 5–7 times size of surrounding granules; two series of 10–11 precloacal-femoral pores separated from each other by a medial diastema of 2–3 non-pore-bearing scales, size subequal to pore-bearing scales, scale row border- ing anteriorly the precloacal-femoral pore series primarily smaller than pore-bearing scales and of subequal size to second anteriorly contacting scale row; 5–6 lamellae under digit I and 10 under digit IV of pes, subdigital lamellae mostly divided on digit IV of manus and pes, enlarged lamellae series under digit IV of pes extend to the base of the digit; tail oval in cross-section without lateral denticulation, TailD/TailW 51.9–65.4%, tubercles on proximal tail portion form elongate recurved conical spines, subcaudals completely transverse the tail width on the distal third of original tails (Fig. 2E); single medium sized domed cloacal spur [from MAHONY 2011]. 
CommentSynonymy: has been considered as a synonym of H. brooki, but revalidated by MAHONY 2011. 
EtymologyThe specific epithet is a toponym derived from the administrative division Kushmore in Sindh, Pakistan from where the original type specimens were collected. 
References
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1885. Catalogue of the lizards in the British Museum (Nat. Hist.) I. Geckonidae, Eublepharidae, Uroplatidae, Pygopodidae, Agamidae. London: 450 pp. - get paper here
  • Mahony, Stephen 2011. Taxonomic revision of Hemidactylus brookii Gray: a re-examination of the type series and some Asian synonyms, and a discussion of the obscure species Hemidactylus subtriedrus Jerdon (Reptilia: Gekkonidae). Zootaxa 3042: 37–67 - get paper here
  • Majumder, R. 2022. HERPETOFAUNAL COMMUNITY COMPOSITION IN AN AGRO-ECOSYSTEM IN THE GANGETIC PLAIN OF EASTERN INDIA. Zoology and Ecology 32(2): 122–132 - get paper here
  • Mehra, G. S., Shrotriya, S., Bisht, D., Bisht, S., Bargali, H. S., Ahmad, T., ... & Dutta, S. K. 2021. Seasonal variations in the diversity of amphibians and reptiles in Western Terai Arc Landscape, India. International Journal of Zoology and Applied Biosciences 6 (4): 194-202 - get paper here
  • Mehra, G.S., N. Mohanty & S.K. Dutta 2022. Occurrence patterns of herpetofauna in different habitat types of western Terai Arc Landscape, India. Journal of Threatened Taxa 14(5): 21010–21018 - get paper here
  • Murray, J. A. 1884. Additions to the reptilian fauna of Sind. Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 14: 106—111. - get paper here
  • Zimin, A., Zimin, S. V., Shine, R., Avila, L., Bauer, A., Böhm, M., Brown, R., Barki, G., de Oliveira Caetano, G. H., Castro Herrera, F., Chapple, D. G., Chirio, L., Colli, G. R., Doan, T. M., Glaw, F., Grismer, L. L., Itescu, Y., Kraus, F., LeBreton 2022. A global analysis of viviparity in squamates highlights its prevalence in cold climates. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 00, 1–16 - get paper here
 
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