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Hemidactylus angulatus HALLOWELL, 1854

IUCN Red List - Hemidactylus angulatus - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaGekkonidae, Gekkota, Sauria, Squamata (lizards: geckos)
SubspeciesHemidactylus angulatus angulatus HALLOWELL 1854
Hemidactylus angulatus leightoni BOULENGER 1911 
Common NamesE: Angulate Gecko
G: Afrikanischer Hausgecko
haitianus: Antillean House Gecko 
SynonymHemidactylus angulatus HALLOWELL 1854: 63
Hemidactylus cyanodactylus GIRARD 1858: 284 (non RAFINESQUE)
Hemidactylus angulatus — BOULENGER 1885: 113
Hemidactylus brookii haitianus MEERWARTH 1901:17
Hemidactylus brookii angulatus — ROMER 1953
Hemidactylus brookii angulatus — MERTENS 1955
Hemidactylus brookii angulatus — HOOGMOED 1980
Hemidactylus brookii angulatus — SCHLEICH 1987: 51
Hemidactylus cyanogaster SCHLEICH 1987: 51 (nom. subst. pro Gecus cyanodactylus GIRARD 1858)
Hemidactylus brookii angulatus — BROADLEY & HOWELL 1991: 11
Hemidactylus brookii haitianus — KLUGE 1993
Hemidactylus haitianus — POWELL & PARMERLEE 1993
Hemidactylus haitianus — POWELL et al. 1996
Hemidactylus angulatus — BAUER et al. 2006
Hemidactylus angulatus —CARRANZA & ARNOLD 2006
Hemidactylus angulatus — PAUWELS & VENDE WEGHE 2008
Hemidactylus angulatus — SPAWLS et al. 2018: 84
Hemidactylus haitianus — SANCHEZ 2018
Hemidactylus haitianus — MCCRANIE 2018

Hemidactylus angulatus leightoni BOULENGER 1911
Hemidactylus leightoni BOULENGER 1911: 19
Hemidactylus neotropicalis SHREVE 1936
Hemidactylus leightoni — POWELL et al. 1996
Hemidactylus leightoni — FUENMAYOR 2002
Hemidactylus angulatus leightoni — RÖSLER & GLAW 2010 
DistributionBenin, Burkina Faso, Niger, Sudan (Jumhūriyyat), Republic of South Sudan (RSS), Central African Republic, Gabon, Uganda, south to Tanzania, west to Senegal [Nigeria, Togo, Ghana, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Sierra Leone, Guinea (Conakry), Guinea-Bissau, Senegal]; Mauritania, Gambia, Cameroon, Zanzibar, Pemba Island, Cape Verde Islands, Equatorial Guinea

Type locality: West coast of Africa = Gabon

haitianus: Caribbean: Cuba, Hispaniola, Dominican, Republic, Puerto Rico (introduced; see comment); Type locality: "Haiti, Port-au-Prince' (for ZMH R22378 only "Haiti" was given)

leightoni: Venezuela (Zulia), Colombia; Type locality: Honda, Magdalene R. 300-400 feet, Columbia.

cyanodactylus: Type locality: “Port Praya, San Jago, Cape de Verde Islands”

neotropicalis: Type locality: Puerto Witches, Santander, Colombia.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: ANSP 7431
Lectoype: ZMH R22378 (Zoologisches Museum, Hamburg, was ZMH 1500, to be designated by Hallermann, pers. comm., 7 Nov 2024); the syntypes ZMH 2250 (a-b) were destroyed [haitianus]
Holotype: BMNH 1946.8.25.65 [leightoni]
Holotype: MCZ 39706 [neotropicalis] 
DiagnosisDiagnosis (partial): Vásquez-Restrepo 2018 provide illustrated comparisons between the Colombian Hemidactylus, H. frenatus, H. garnotii, and H. angulatus.


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CommentSynonymy: Hemidactylus brookii haitianus was elevated to species status by Powell et al. (1996) from subspecific status based on (1) evidence that H. brookii in the Eastern Hemisphere constitute a species complex (R. I. Crombie, in. litt., 15 June 1995, to R. W. Henderson); (2) the distinctiveness of West Indian populations (see original description of Meerwarth [1901); (3) comments in Powell (1993); and (4) previous use of this combination and comments by Powell and Parmerlee (1993). RÖSLER & GLAW (2010) re-synonymized haitianus with angulatus though. Note, however, that Rösler and Glaw did not evaluate variation in the angulatus complex, so they can’t really tell if New world taxa are synonymous with H. angulatus sensu stricto (A. Bauer, pers. comm., 27 April 2015).
WEISS & HEDGES 2007 synonymized all West Indian geckos referred to H. brooki or H. haitianus with H. angulatus based on little or no DNA sequence differences. The Caribbean populations have been most likely been introduced from Africa by the slave trade. However, given that H. angulatus may be a species complex, resurrection of H. haitianus is possible.

Distribution: Marques et al. 2018 listed H. angulatus as “H. angulatus complex”. Not in Angola fide Ceríaco et al. 2020 (where populations are now assigned to H. nzingae). For a map with localities in Equatorial Guinea see SÁNCHEZ-VIALAS et al. 2022. For a map in West Africa see Trape et al. 2025: 166 (Fig. 2). 
EtymologyUnclear, but apparently from Latin angulatus = made angular, cornered, with angles, angular, possibly a reference to the angular shape of the snout.

H. a. leightoni was named after Sir Bryan Leighton who collected the type. 
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