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Hemiphyllodactylus margarethae BRONGERSMA, 1931

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Higher TaxaGekkonidae, Gekkota, Sauria, Squamata (lizards: geckos)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Sumatran slender gecko 
SynonymHemiphyllodactylus margarethae BRONGERSMA 1931: 11
Hemiphyllodactylus margarethae — ZUG 2010: 47 
DistributionIndonesia (Sumatra in text; Borneo on map [Fig. 20 in ZUG 2010]).

Type locality: “Fort de Kock, Sumatra” (Bukittinggi, Sumatera Barat)  
Reproductionoviparous (manual imputation, fide Zimin et al. 2022) 
TypesHolotype: ZMA.RENA 11095 
DiagnosisDescription. A bisexual taxon of geckos (Gekkoninae) with robust habitus, slightly compressed trunk and moderately large head (see Figures 3, 23), tail round in cross section and subequal to SVL. Adults not dimorphic: 36.0–46.9 mm SVL (mean ± SD, 40.8 mm ± 3.6], n = 8), 14.5–25.4 mm TrunkL (20.6 mm ± 3.3), 8.2–10.4 mm HeadL (9.6 mm ± 0.87), 5.8–8.2 mm HeadW (6.8 mm ± 0.86), 3.3–4.7 mm SnEye (4.1 mm ± 0.56), 2.7–3.6 mm NarEye (3.2 mm ± 0.40), 1.6–2.5 mm EyeD (2.1 mm ± 0.35), 1.4–1.9 mm SnW (1.7 mm ± 0.23). Adult proportions: 40–54% TrunkL/SVL (mean ± SD, 50.3% ± 4.8), 21–26% HeadL/SVL (23.5% ± 1.6), 15–19% HeadW/ SVL (16.7% ± 1.3), 66–79% HeadW/HeadL (71.2% ± 4.4), 39–46% SnEye/HeadL (42.6% ± 2.4), 29–35% NarEye/HeadL (33.0% ± 2.0), 16–25% EyeD/HeadL (22.0% ± 3.6), 15–19% SnW/HeadL (17.3% ± 1.4), 47–81% EyeD/NarEye (67.0% ± 12.6), 22–28% SnW/HeadW (24.3% ± 1.9%). Scalation is predominantly granular from head onto tail, both dorsally and ventrally; ventral trunk scales slightly larger than dorsal ones, 11–17 Dorsal (median ± SD, 12.5 ± 2.3) and 6–12 Ventral (7.5 ± 2.3); similarly, subcaudal scales slightly larger than dorsal caudal scales but not platelike. Cloacal spurs present, modest sized, 1–2 CloacS (2 ± 0.5). Larger scales on lips and snout, rostral largest, rectangular to pentagonal, often slightly concave on dorsomedial edge with slight cleft; 2–3 CircNa (3 ± 0.4), 2–4 SnS (3 ± 0.6); labial scales enlarged from rostral to below eye, becoming progressively smaller in subocular rictus, 10–13 Suplab (11 ± 1.2), 9–12 Inflab (10 ± 0.9); 6–11 Chin (7.5 ± 2.0), those behind mental distinctly enlarged; ear opening distinct with no bordering enlarged scales. Each digit with expanded pad, terminal two phalanges free, arising from within pad on second to fifth digits of foreand hindfoot and each clawed; pads of these digits each with large triangular apical lamella bordered proximally by lyre-shaped lamellae (scansors); modal digital formulae likely 4-4-4-4 (forefoot) and 4-5-5-5 (hindfoot) for scansors; first digit of foreand hindfeet compressed, usually 5 rectangular lamellae (4–8 fore, 4–7 hind) ventrally, terminal phalanx not free with or without minute claw. Adult females often with precloacal pores series (0–12 PreclPor), males (only one adult in sample) always with precloacal pores (median 11) always separated from femoral pore series, 0–29 (female) 26 (male) TotPore. (Zug 2010)

Coloration: no images of living specimens and preserved specimens pattern indistinct owing to fading. (Zug 2010)

Major diagnostic features: bisexual taxon; unpigmented caecum, oviducts pigmented or not; if present, femoral pore series separate from precloacal pore series; chin scales bordering mental and first infralabial distinctly enlarged; digital lamellae formulae 4-4-4-4 (forefoot) and 4-5-5-5 (hindfoot); average adult SVL ~41 mm. (Zug 2010)

Description of holotype: An adult male (Figure 23), 38.8 mm SVL, 40 TailL, 18.7 mm TrunkL, 9.9 mm HeadL, 7.5 mm HeadW, 4.3 mm SnEye, 3.4 mm NarEye, 1.6 mm EyeD, and 1.9 mm SnW. Proportions: 48% TrunkL/SVL, 25% HeadL/SVL, 19% HeadW/SVL, 76% HeadW/HeadL, 43% SnEye/HeadL, 34% NarEye/HeadL, 16% EyeD/HeadL, 19% SnW/HeadL, 47% EyeD/NarEye, 25% SnW/HeadW. Scalation: 3 CircNa, 3 SnS, 10 Suplab, 11 Inflab, 6 Chin (anteromedial ones distinctly enlarged, see Figure 7C), 13 Dorsal, 7 Ventral, 2 CloacS, Subcaud not enlarged, 11 PreclPor, 26 TotPore, separate precloacal and femoral series, digital formulae 4-5-5-5 (forefoot) and 5-5-6-5 (hindfoot). Caecum and testis epididymis presumably unpigmented. Body ground color faded to pinkish beige, small paired dark blotches dorsally on trunk; paratype (ZMA 11096) has a hint of a postsacral mark. (Zug 2010) 
CommentSynonymy: Has been previously synonymized with Hemiphyllodactylus typus (by BRONGERSMA 1932 and SMITH 1935) but revalidated by ZUG 2010.

Behavior: nocturnal 
EtymologyThe origin of the name margarethae is unknown (ZUG 2010). 
References
  • Beolens, Bo; Michael Watkins, and Michael Grayson 2011. The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, USA - get paper here
  • Brongersma, L. D. 1931. Résultats scientifiques du Voyage aux Indes Orientales Néerlandaises de LL. AA. RR. le Prince et la Princesse Léopold de Belgique. Mémoires du Musée Royal d’Histoire Naturelle de Belgique, Brussels, 5:1—39
  • GRISMER, L. LEE; AWAL RIYANTO, DJOKO T. ISKANDAR & JIMMY A. MCGUIRE 2014. A new species of Hemiphyllodactylus Bleeker, 1860 (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Pulau Enggano, southwestern Sumatra, Indonesia. Zootaxa 3821 (4): 485–495 - get paper here
  • Grismer, L. Lee; Perry L. Wood Jr, Shahrul Anuar, Evan S. H. Quah, Mohd Abdul Muin, Chan Kin Onn, Alexandra X. Sumarli and Ariel I. Loredo 2015. Repeated evolution of sympatric, palaeoendemic species in closely related, co-distributed lineages of Hemiphyllodactylus Bleeker, 1860 (Squamata: Gekkonidae) across a sky-island archipelago in Peninsular Malaysia. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 174 (4): 859–876; DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12254 - get paper here
  • Grismer, L.L.; PERRY L. WOOD Jr, SHAHRUL ANUAR, MOHD ABDUL MUIN, EVAN S. H. QUAH, JIMMY A. MCGUIRE,, RAFE M. BROWN,0, NGO VAN TRI and PHAM HONG THAI 2013. Integrative taxonomy uncovers high levels of cryptic species diversity in Hemiphyllodactylus Bleeker, 1860 (Squamata: Gekkonidae) and the description of a new species from Peninsular Malaysia. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 169: 849–880 - get paper here
  • NGO VAN TRI; L. LEE GRISMER, PHAM HONG THAI & P. L. WOOD, JR. 2014. A new species of Hemiphyllodactylus Bleeker, 1860 (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Ba Na–Nui Chua Nature Reserve, Central Vietnam. Zootaxa 3760 (4): 539–552 - get paper here
  • NGUYEN, TRUONG QUANG; QUYEN HANH DO, HANH THI NGO, ANH VAN PHAM,<br />CUONG THE PHAM, MINH DUC LE, & THOMAS ZIEGLER 2020. Two new species of Hemiphyllodactylus (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Hoa Binh Province, Vietnam. Zootaxa 4801 (3): 513–536 - get paper here
  • Zimin, A., Zimin, S. V., Shine, R., Avila, L., Bauer, A., Böhm, M., Brown, R., Barki, G., de Oliveira Caetano, G. H., Castro Herrera, F., Chapple, D. G., Chirio, L., Colli, G. R., Doan, T. M., Glaw, F., Grismer, L. L., Itescu, Y., Kraus, F., LeBreton 2022. A global analysis of viviparity in squamates highlights its prevalence in cold climates. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 00, 1–16 - get paper here
  • Zug, G. R. 2010. Speciation and Dispersal in a Low Diversity Taxon: The Slender Geckos Hemiphyllodactylus (Reptilia, Gekkonidae). Smithsonian contributions to zoology (631): 1-70 - get paper here
 
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