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Hemorrhois ravergieri (MÉNÉTRIES, 1832)

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Higher TaxaColubridae, Colubrinae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Spotted Whip Snake
G: Ravergieris Zornnatter, Bunte Zornnatter
Chinese: 花脊游蛇 
SynonymColuber Ravergieri MÉNÉTRIES 1832: 69
Zamenis caudaelineatus GÜNTHER 1858: 104
Zamenis ravergieri — BOULENGER 1893: 405
Eremiophis ravergieri
Zamenis fedtschenkoi STRAUCH 1873 (fide BOULENGER 1893)
Zamenis glazunowi NIKOLSKY 1896
Coluber ravergieri nummifer REUSS 1834
Zamenis ravergieri — WERNER 1905
Zamenis ravergieri — WALL 1911
Zamenis ravergieri — VENZMER 1919: 112
Elaphe dione plumbea CHERNOV 1926
Elaphe caudaelineata [sic] — SCHMIDT 1939
Coluber ravergieri cernovi MERTENS 1952: 66 (nom. nov.)
Coluber ravergieri — MINTON 1966
Coluber ravergieri — ENGELMANN et al 1993
Coluber ravergieri — DAS 1996: 55
Haemorrhois caudalineata (fide BÖHME 1993: 148)
Coluber ravergieri — SZCZERBAK 2003
Hemorrhois ravergieri — NAGY et al. 2004
Hemorrhois ravergieri — SCHÄTTI & MONSCH 2004
Coluber ravergieri — ZHAO 2006
Hemorrhois ravergieri — WALLACH et al. 2014: 328
Haemorrhois ravergieri — GENIEZ 2018 (in error) 
DistributionSoviet Union (Caucasus), eastern shore of Caspian Sea east to E Kazakhstan, Armenia, Republic of Georgia, Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkey, Iraq, Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria,
W Mongolia, NW China (Xinjiang)

Type locality: Baku, Azerbaijan  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: ZSI 7323
Holotype: SMF, cat. no. unknown, collected by C. Kosswig in August 1940 [cernovi] 
Diagnosis 
CommentSimilar species: Very similar to C. nummifer (occuring in the estern Mediterranean region). E . quatuorlineata reported from the Island of Kos turned out to be C. (ravergieri) nummifer. SCHMIDT (1939) states that Elaphe caudaelineata from Persepolis are entirely distinct from specimens of ravergieri. “The dorsal scale formula is 21-21-15 instead of 23 or 25-23-17. Ventrals and caudals in the single male, 193 and 101; in three females 201-213 and 87-93. The lineate pattern of the tail is distinctive. The largest specimen, a female, measures 855, tail 195.”

Synonymy partly after KHALIKOV & ANANJEVA (pers. comm.). Elaphe dione plumbea is pre-occupied by Coluber plumbeus (= Clelia cleli), hence Mertens 1952 proposed a nomen novum.

Subspecies: Coluber ravergieri cernovi does not seem to be recognized by any recent authors.

Distribution: records from India are questionable (A. Captain, pers. comm. 13. Feb 2011). For a map see Sindaco et al. 2013. Older reports from Israel (Mt. Hermon) have not been confirmed (Bar et al. 2021).

Habitat. Slope canyon (west) with bushes, Prangos lipskyi, and Ferula sp.

Activity pattern. Diurnal. 
Etymologynamed ater Mr. Ravergier “attaché à l’ambassade francaise à S.-Pétersbourg”. 
References
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