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Hydrophis cyanocinctus DAUDIN, 1803

IUCN Red List - Hydrophis cyanocinctus - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaElapidae (Hydrophiinae), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Annulated Sea Snake, Dusky-chinned giant sea snake
Farsi: Mâr- e daryâï-ye halqehdâr
Chinese: 青环海蛇 
SynonymHydrophis cyanocinctus DAUDIN 1803: 383
Leioselasma striata LACÉPÈDE 1804: 210
Hydrophis chittal RAFINESQUE 1817: 432
Hydrophis striata — SCHLEGEL 1837: 502
Hydrophis subannulata GRAY 1849: 54
Hydrophis aspera GRAY 1849: 55
? Hydrophis striatus — DUMÉRIL & BIBRON 1854: 1347
Hydrophis striata — FISCHER 1856: 41
Hydrophis westermani JAN 1859
Hydrophis westermanni — JAN 1863: 111 (emendation)
Hydrophis trachyceps THEOBALD 1868: 70
Hydrophis crassicollis ANDERSON 1871: 19
Hydrophis tuberculata ANDERSON 1871: 18 (by SMITH 1920)
Hydrophis crassicollis — ANDERSON 1872
Hydrophis tenuicollis PETERS 1873
Hydrophis taprobanica HALY 1887: 107
Hydrophis phipsoni MURRAY 1887: 32
Hydrophis cyanocincta — BOULENGER 1887: 408
Distira cyanocincta — WERNER 1896
Distira cyanocincta — BOULENGER 1896: 294
Distira sabavacensis BOULENGER 1900 (fide KHARIN 2008)
Disteira cyanocincta — STEJNEGER 1907: 428
Leioselasma [sic] cyanocincta — WALL 1921: 361
Hydrophis cyanocinctus — MAKI 1931
Hydrophis cyanocinctus — SMITH 1943: 454
Leioselasma cyanocincta — PRATER 1924
Leioselasma cyanocinctus — KHARIN 1984
Leioselasma cyanocincta — WELCH 1994: 71
Leioselasma cyanocinctus — DAS 1996: 61
Hydrophis cyanocinctus — MURPHY, COX & VORIS 1999
Leioselasma cyanocincta — STUEBING & INGER 1999: 216
Leioselasma cyanocincta — KHARIN 2005
Leioselasma cyanocincta — KHARIN 2008
Hydrophis cyanocinctus — MAHONY et al. 2009
Hydrophis cyanocinctus — NGUYEN et al. 2009
Hydrophis cyanocinctus — MURTHY 2010
Hydrophis cyanocincta — RASMUSSEN et al. 2011
Hydrophis cyanocinctus — SANDERS et al. 2012
Leioselasma cyanocincta — WALLACH et al. 2014: 366
Leioselasma cyanocinctus — CHAN-ARD et al. 2015: 275
Hydrophis cyanocinctus — REZAIE-ATAGHOLIPOUR et al. 2016 
DistributionIndian Ocean (Persian Gulf, Iran, Pakistan, India (Kerala, Gujarat), Bangladesh, Myanmar (= Burma), Thailand, Malaysia, Philippines (Visayan Sea, Panay, Cebu etc.), Japan, Sri Lanka,
South China sea (incl. Hainan, Fujian), East China Sea (incl. Taiwan),
Coastal regions of Shandong and Liaoning (China), Vietnam,
Coasts of Persian Gulf (Oman, United Arab Emirates, Qatar), east through South Asia
Indonesia (Java, Aru Islands, Borneo), Papua New Guinea, Korea

Type locality: “Coromandel”  
Reproductionovovivparous 
TypesHolotype: BMNH 1946.1.9.23 (type, female, from Sunderbunds, Bengal, Dr Russell, R. College of Surgeons coll); previously listed as lost (fide NGUYEN et al. 2009). 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Scale rows around neck 27–35, rarely 25; scale rows around body 37–47; ventrals 27–30. Maxillary teeth behind fangs 5–8. Colouration: Very variable, especially the bands. Body pale yellow green or greyish above, whitish below. Dark bluish or black bands, which may be: a) encircling the body and broadest above, b) encircling the body and of rather uniform width, or c) broadest above and narrowing out to dis- appear laterally. On the posterior part of the body the bands are dorsally always broader than the interspaces between them. With age the banding pattern fades (see also REZAIE-ATAGHOLIPOUR et al. 2016: 152) 
CommentVenomous!

Synonymy partly after STEJNEGER 107.

Habitat: marine.

Distribution: not on the Solomon Islands by McCoy 2015 although reported from there by McCoy 2000. In Qatar fide Wikipedia.

Type species: Leioselasma striata LACÉPÈDE 1804 = Hydrophis cyanocinctus DAUDIN 1803: 383 is the type species of the genus Leioselasma LACÉPÈDE 1804 (now a synonym of Hydrophis).

Key: Kharin 1984 has a key to the species of Leioselasma (in Russian). 
References
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