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Hydrophis stricticollis GÜNTHER, 1864

IUCN Red List - Hydrophis stricticollis - Data Deficient, DD
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Higher TaxaElapidae (Hydrophiinae), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Collared Sea Snake 
SynonymHydrophis stricticollis GÜNTHER 1864: 376
Hydrophis stricticollis — ANDERSON 1872: 397
Hydrophis obscurus BOULENGER 1896
Hydrophis stricticollis — SMITH 1943: 459
Hydrophis (Aturia) stricticollis — MCDOWELL 1972: 228
Aturia stricticollis — WELCH 1994: 25
Hydrophis stricticollis — LEVITON et al. 2003
Hydrophis cf. stricticollis — BAIER 2005
Chitulia stricticollis — KHARIN 2005
Chitulia stricticollis — KHARIN & DOTSENKO 2012
Hydrophis stricticollis — SANDERS et al. 2012
Chitulia (Dolichodira) stricticollis — KHARIN 2012
Chitulia stricticollis — WALLACH et al. 2014: 167 
DistributionIndian Ocean (Sri Lanka, India, Myanmar (= Burma), Bangladesh)

Type locality: India  
Reproductionovovivparous 
TypesHolotype: BMNH 1946.1.6.90 
DiagnosisDIAGNOSTIC CHARACTERS (DIAGNOSIS).— Scales on thickest part of body subquadrangular or hexagonal in shape, feebly imbricate or juxtaposed; 8–11 maxillary teeth behind fangs; head small, body long and slender anteriorly, posteriorly 2.5 to 3 times thicker than anteriorly; 1 anterior temporal, rarely divided; 7–8 upper labials, second in contact with prefrontal, 3–4 border eye; 34–41 scale rows around neck, 45–55 around midbody; ventrals 374–452, distinct thoughout, less than twice as large as adjacent body scales; grayish to olive above, yellowish below, with 45–65 dark bands, widest dorsally, disappearing with age; head black or olive, yellow markings on snout and along sides of head. Total length males 1050 mm, females 1050 mm; tail length males 140 mm, females 90 mm. [after LEVITON 2003] 
CommentVenomous!

The original description is available online (see link below).

Habitat: marine. 
References
  • Anderson, J. 1872. On some Persian, Himalayan, and other Reptiles. Proc. Zool. Soc. London 1872: 371-404 - get paper here
  • Baier, F. 2005. Herpetologische Reiseeindrücke aus Sri Lanka. Elaphe 13 (4): 59-64
  • Dowling, H.G., & Jenner, J.V. 1988. Snakes of Burma: checklist of reported species and bibliography. Smithsonian Herp. Inf. Serv. (76): 19 pp. - get paper here
  • Ganesh, S., Nandhini, T., Samuel, V., Sreeraj, C., Abhilash, K., Purvaja, R., & Ramesh, R. 2019. Marine snakes of Indian coasts: historical resume, systematic checklist, toxinology, status, and identification key. Journal of Threatened Taxa, 11(1), 13132-13150 - get paper here
  • Günther, A. 1864. The Reptiles of British India. London (Taylor & Francis), xxvii + 452 pp. - get paper here
  • Karthikeyan S. & Balasubramanian, T. 2007. Species diversity of Sea Snake (Hydrophiidae) distributed in the Coramantal Coast (East Coast of India). Int. J. Zool. res. 3 (3): 107-131
  • Kharin, V.E. 2012. Sea Snakes of the Genus Chitulia Gray, 1849 (Serpentes: Hydrophiidae). The Taxonomic Status of Intrageneric Complexes. Russian Journal of Marine Biolog 38 (6): 456-458 - get paper here
  • Kharin, V.E. & Dotsenko I.B. 2012. The First Record of the Sea Snake Chitulia inornata Gray, 1849 from the Arabian Sea with Notes on the Composition of the Genus Chitulia Gray, 1849 (Serpentes: Hydrophiidae). [in Russian and English]. Russian Journal of Marine Biology 38 (1): 35–42 - get paper here
  • Kharin, Vladimir E. and Vladimir P. Czeblukov 2007. On First Reliable Record of the Sea Snake Chitulia belcheri (Gray, 1849) from Australian Waters, with Notes on Species Composition and Taxonomic Status of the Genus Chitulia (Serpentes, Hydrophiidae). Russian Journal of Marine Biology, 33 (3): 161–165. - get paper here
  • Kharin, Vladimir E.; Jakob Hallermann 2009. Annotated catalogue of sea kraits (Laticaudidae) and sea snakes (Hydrophiidae) of the herpetological collection of the Zoological Museum, University of Hamburg. Mitt. hamb. zool. Mus. Inst. 106: 51-67
  • Leviton, Alan E.; Guinevere O.U. Wogan; Michelle S. Koo; George R. Zug; Rhonda S. Lucas and Jens V. Vindum 2003. The Dangerously Venomous Snakes of Myanmar Illustrated Checklist with Keys. Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. 54 (24): 407–462 - get paper here
  • McDowell, S. B. 1972. The genera of sea-snakes of the Hydrophis group (Serpentes: Elapidae). Trans. Zool. Soc. Lond 32: 189-247 - get paper here
  • Sanders, K.L.; Michael S.Y. Lee, Mumpuni, Terry Bertozzi, Arne R. Rasmussen 2012. Multilocus phylogeny and recent rapid radiation of the viviparous sea snakes (Elapidae: Hydrophiinae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 66 (3): 575-591 - get paper here
  • Sharma, R. C. 2004. Handbook Indian Snakes. AKHIL BOOKS, New Delhi, 292 pp.
  • Smith, M.A. 1943. The Fauna of British India, Ceylon and Burma, Including the Whole of the Indo-Chinese Sub-Region. Reptilia and Amphibia. 3 (Serpentes). Taylor and Francis, London. 583 pp.
  • Somaweera, R. & N. Somaweera 2009. An overview of Sri Lankan Sea snakes with an annotated checklist and a field key. Taprobanica 1 (1): 43-54 - get paper here
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
 
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