Hypsiglena catalinae TANNER, 1966

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Higher Taxa	Colubridae (Dipsadinae), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies
Common Names	E: Isla Santa Catalina Nightsnake S: Nocturna Usla Santa Catalina
Synonym	Hypsiglena torquata catalinae TANNER 1966 Hypsiglena chlorophaea catalinae — MULCAHY 2008 Hypsiglena catalinae — MULCAHY et al. 2014
Distribution	Mexico (Isla Santa Catalina, Gulf of California) Type locality: "Santa Catalina Island, approximately 25° 38' N, 110° 47' W, Gulf of California, Baja California, Mexico".
Reproduction
Types	Holotype: SDNHM = SDSNH 44680; paratypes SDNHM = SDSNH, BYU
Diagnosis
Comment	TANNER (1966) separated H. t. catalinae from H. torquata of the adjacent peninsula on the basis of the former having a single series of large dorsal spots, two rows of lateral spots, and a high number of ventral plus scutes (233-295). Synonymy: However, since the aforementioned characters do not discretely diagnose catalinae GRISMER (1999) suggested to synonymize catalinae with H. torquata. MULCAHY (2008) considered catalinae as a valid subspecies (of Hypsiglena chlorophaea) and elevated it to full species status in 2014. WALLACH et al. 2014: 344 lists this (sub-) species as synonym of H. chlorophaea. Distribution: see map of subspecies in Mulcahy et al. 2014.
Etymology	Named after the type locality.
References	Heimes, P. 2016. Snakes of Mexico. Chimaira, Frankfurt, 572 pp Mulcahy DG, Martínez-Gómez JE, Aguirre-León G, Cervantes-Pasqualli JA, Zug GR 2014. Rediscovery of an Endemic Vertebrate from the Remote Islas Revillagigedo in the Eastern Pacific Ocean: The Clarión Nightsnake Lost and Found. PLoS One 9 (5): e97682. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0097682 - get paper here Mulcahy, Daniel G. 2008. Phylogeography and species boundaries of the western North American Nightsnake (Hypsiglena torquata): Revisiting the subspecies concept. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 46 (3): 1095-1115 - get paper here Peralta-García A, Valdez-Villavicencio JH, Fucsko LA, Hollingsworth BD, Johnson JD, Mata-Silva V, Rocha A, DeSantis DL, Porras LW, and Wilson LD. 2023. The herpetofauna of the Baja California Peninsula and its adjacent islands, Mexico: composition, distribution, and conservation status. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 17(1&2): 57–142 Tanner, Wilmer W. 1966. The night snakes of Baja California. Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History 14 (15): 189-196 - get paper here
External links	National Center for Biotechnology Information Google images

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