Hypsirhynchus funereus (COPE, 1862)

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Higher Taxa	Colubridae (Dipsadinae), Alsophiini, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies
Common Names	E: Jamaican Black Racer, Jamaican Black Groundsnake
Synonym	Alsophis funereus COPE 1862: 77 Dromicus funereus — GRANT 1938 Dromicus funereus — GRANT 1939 Dromicus funereus — GRANT 1940: 125 Dromicus funereus — BUDEN 1966: 5 Arrhyton funereum — MAGLIO 1970 Arrhyton funereum — SCHWARTZ & HENDERSON 1991: 587 Darlingtonia funerea — CROTHER 1999 Schwartzophis funereum — ZAHER et al. 2009 Hypsirhynchus funereus — HEDGES et al. 2009 Schwartzophis funereum — GRAZZIOTIN et al. 2012 Schwartzophis funereum — WALLACH et al. 2014: 651 Hypsirhynchus funereus — KRYSKO et al. 2015
Distribution	Jamaica Type locality: Jamaica.
Reproduction	oviparous
Types	Lectotype: USNM 12372, designated by Buden, 1966.
Diagnosis	Additional details, e.g. a detailed description or comparisons (653 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details.
Comment	For illustrations see Buden, 1966.
References	Buden, D. W. 1966. An evaluation of Jamaican Dromicus (Serpentes, Colubridae) with the description of a new species. Breviora (238): 1-10 - get paper here Cope, E.D. 1862. Synopsis of the species of Holcosus and Ameiva, with diagnoses of new West Indian and South American Colubridae. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 14: 60-82. - get paper here Crother, Brian I. 1999. PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIPS AMONG WEST INDIAN XENODONTINE SNAKES (SERPENTES; COLUBRIDAE) WITH COMMENTS ON THE PHYLOGENY OF SOME MAINLAND XENODONTINES. Contemporary Herpetology 2 - get paper here Grant, C. 1938. The Jamaican Dromicus funereus (Cope) Re-Established. Copeia 1938 (2): 83-86 - get paper here Grant, C. 1939. Additional Data on Jamaican Snakes of the Genus Dromicus. Copeia 1939 (2): 105-106 - get paper here Grant, C. 1940. The herpetology of Jamaica Il. The reptiles. Bull. Inst. Jamaica., Sci. Ser. 1: 61-148. Grazziotin, Felipe G.; Hussam Zaher, Robert W. Murphy, Gustavo Scrocchi, Marco A. Benavides, Ya-Ping Zhang and Sandro L. Bonatto 2012. Molecular phylogeny of the New World Dipsadidae (Serpentes: Colubroidea): a reappraisal. Cladistics DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-0031.2012.00393.x - get paper here Hedges, S. Blair; Arnaud Couloux; Vidal, Nicolas 2009. Molecular phylogeny, classification, and biogeography of West Indian racer snakes of the Tribe Alsophiini (Squamata, Dipsadidae, Xenodontinae). Zootaxa 2067: 1-28 - get paper here KRYSKO, KENNETH L.; DAVID W. STEADMAN, LEROY P. NUÑEZ & DAVID S. LEE 2015. Molecular phylogeny of Caribbean dipsadid (Xenodontinae: Alsophiini) snakes, including identification of the first record from the Cay Sal Bank, The Bahamas. Zootaxa 4028 (3): 441–450 - get paper here Maglio, Vincent J. 1970. West Indian Xenodontine colubrid snakes: Their probable origin, phylogeny, and zoogeography. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. Harvard 141 (1): 1-54 - get paper here Schwartz, A. & Henderson, R.W. 1991. Amphibians and Reptiles of the West Indies. University of Florida Press, Gainesville, 720 pp. Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp. Zaher, Hussam; Grazziotin, Felipe Gobbi; Cadle, John E.; Murphy, Robert W.; Moura-Leite, Julio Cesar de; Bonatto, Sandro L 2009. Molecular phylogeny of advanced snakes (Serpentes, Caenophidia) with an emphasis on South American Xenodontines: a revised classification and descriptions of new taxa. Pap. Avulsos Zool. (São Paulo) 49 (11): 115-153 - get paper here
External links	IUCN Red List National Center for Biotechnology Information Google images

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