Imantodes inornatus (BOULENGER, 1896)

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Higher Taxa	Colubridae (Dipsadinae), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies
Common Names	E: Western Tree Snake
Synonym	Himantodes inornatus BOULENGER 1896: 88 Imantodes inornatus — TAYLOR 1951: 130 Imantodes inornatus — PETERS & OREJAS-MIRANDA 1970: 135 Imantodes inornatus — SAVAGE 2002 Imantodes inornatus — GOWER et al. 2012: 133 Imantodes inornatus — WALLACH et al. 2014: 349 Imantodes inornatus — SUNYER & MARTÍNEZ-FONSECA 2023
Distribution	Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, W Colombia (incl. Valle del Cauca), NW Ecuador Type locality: Hacienda Rosa de jericho [= Jericó], Nicaragua, 3250 ft elevation.
Reproduction	oviparous
Types	Holotype: BMNH 1946.1.2.63
Diagnosis	Diagnosis: Imantodes inornatus differs from all other Honduran snakes, except other Imantodes, in having an extremely attenuate body and a blunt head that is very distinct from the extremely slender neck. Imantodes cenchoa and I. gemmistratus have a dorsal pattern of well-defined dark blotches or saddles (versus distinct dark blotches or saddles absent in I. inornatus). The species of Sibon can be somewhat similar in body and head shape to that of I. inornatus, but have either 13 or 15 dorsal scale rows throughout the body (versus 17 scale rows at midbody in I. inornatus) (McCranie 2011: 319). Additional details (33 characters) are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details.
Comment	Habitat: fully arboreal (Harrington et al. 2018).
Etymology	The specific name inornatus is formed from the Latin in- (without) and ornatus (decorate, furnish), in reference to the relatively unembellished dorsal pattern of this snake, compared to other members of the genus (McCranie 2011: 320).
References	Boulenger, G.A. 1896. Catalogue of the snakes in the British Museum, Vol. 3. London (Taylor & Francis), xiv + 727 pp. - get paper here Carvajal-Cogollo, J.E.; L.E. Rojas-Murcia. & G. Cárdenas-Arévalo 2020. Reptiles del Caribe colombiano/ Reptiles of the Colombian Caribbean. Tunja: Editorial UPTC, 268 pp. - get paper here Castro-Herrera, F. & Vargas-Salinas, F. 2008. Anfibios y reptiles en el departamento del Valle del Cauca, Colombia. Biota Colombiana 9 (2): 251 - 277 - get paper here Díaz-Ayala, Román F.; Julián A. Rojas-Morales, Juan C. Zuluaga-Isaza y Viviana A. Ramírez-Castaño 2018. Imantodes inornatus (Boulenger, 1886) (Squamata: Dipsadidae): expansion of known range and first records from the Magdalena River valley, Colombia. Biota ColomBiana 19 (1): 219-225, DOI: 10.21068/c2018. v19n01a14. - get paper here Fuentes, Rogemif; Aschcroft, Jesse; Erick Barría, Helio Quintero-Arrieta, Alexis Baules, Abel Batista, Eduardo Zambrano, Marcos Ponce 2023. Herpetological diversity in forests of Portobelo National Park, Colón Biological Corridor, Panama. Reptiles & Amphibians 30 (1): e18434 - get paper here Gower, D.; Garrett, K. & Stafford, P. 2012. Snakes. Firefly Books, Buffalo, NY,<br>144 p.. Harrington, Sean M; Jordyn M de Haan, Lindsey Shapiro, Sara Ruane 2018. Habits and characteristics of arboreal snakes worldwide: arboreality constrains body size but does not affect lineage diversification. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 125 (1): 61–71 - get paper here Hilje B, Chaves G, Klank J, Timmerman F, Feltham J, Gillingwater S, Piraino T, Rojas E 2020. Amphibians and Reptiles of the Tirimbina Biological Reserve: a baseline for conservation, research and environmental education in a lowland tropical wet forest in Costa Rica. Check List 16(6): 1633-1655 - get paper here Köhler, G. 2008. Reptiles of Central America. 2nd Ed. Herpeton-Verlag, 400 pp. Mason J. Ryan, Ian M. Latella, Beatriz Willink, Adrián García-Rodríguez, Casey A. Gilman 2015. Notes on the breeding habits and new distribution records of seven species of snakes from southwest Costa Rica. Herpetology Notes 8: 669-671 - get paper here McCranie J R 2011. The snakes of Honduras. SSAR, Salt Lake City, 725 pp. McCranie, James R. 2015. A checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Honduras, with additions, comments on taxonomy, some recent taxonomic decisions, and areas of further studies needed. Zootaxa 3931 (3): 352–386 - get paper here Missassi, Alexandre F. R. & ANA L. C. PRUDENTE 2015. A new species of Imantodes Duméril, 1853 (Serpentes, Dipsadidae) from the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia. Zootaxa 3980 (4): 562–574 - get paper here Pérez-Santos,C. & Moreno, A.G. 1988. Ofidios de Colombia. Museo reegionale di Scienze Naturali, Torino, Monographie VI, 517 pp. Peters , J. A. 1960. The snakes of Ecuador; check list and key. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. Harvard 122: 489-541 - get paper here Pinto-Erazo, M.A., Calderón-Espinosa, M.L., Medina-Rangel, G.F. & Méndez-Galeano, M.A. 2020. Herpetofauna from two municipalities of southwestern Colombia. Biota Colombiana 21(1): 41-57. DOI: 10.21068/c2020.v21n01a04 - get paper here Ray, Julie M. and Patty Ruback 2015. Updated checklists of snakes for the provinces of Panamá and Panamá Oeste, Republic of Panama. Mesoamerican Herpetology 2 (2): 168-188 - get paper here Savage, J. M., & SCOTT, NORMAN J. 1987. The Imantodes (Serpentes: Colubridae) of Costa Rica: Two or three species? Revista de Biologia Tropical 33: 107-132. - get paper here Savage, J.M. 2002. The Amphibians and Reptiles of Costa Rica: A Herpetofauna Between Two Continents, Between Two Seas. University of Chicago Press, 934 pp. [review in Copeia 2003 (1): 205] Solís, J. M., L. D. Wilson, and J. H. Townsend. 2014. An updated list of the amphibians and reptiles of Honduras, with comments on their nomenclature. Mesoamerican Herpetology 1: 123–144 - get paper here Solorzano, A. 2004. Serpientes de Costa Rica - Snakes of Costa Rica. Editorial INBio, Costa Rica, 792 pp. Sunyer, Javier 2014. An updated checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Nicaragua. Mesoamerican Herpetology 1 (2): 186–202. - get paper here Sunyer, Javier & José́ Gabriel Martínez-Fonseca 2023. An updated country checklist to the amphibians and reptiles of Nicaragua. REVISTA NICARAGÜENSE DE BIODIVERSIDAD (100): 1-25 - get paper here Taylor,E.H. 1951. A brief review ot the snakes of Costa Rica. Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull. 34 (1): 3-188 - get paper here Torres-Carvajal O, Pazmiño-Otamendi G, Salazar-Valenzuela D. 2019. Reptiles of Ecuador: a resource-rich portal, with a dynamic checklist and photographic guides. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 13 (1): [General Section]: 209–229 (e178) - get paper here Torres-Carvajal O., Yánez-Muñoz MH, Quirola D, Smith EN, Almendáriz A 2012. A new species of blunt-headed vine snake (Colubridae, Imantodes) from the Chocó region of Ecuador. ZooKeys 244: 91–110. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.244.3950 - get paper here Valencia-Zuleta A, Jaramillo-Martínez AF, Echeverry-Bocanegra A, Viáfara-Vega R, Hernández-Córdoba O, Cardona-Botero VE, Gutiérrez-Zúñiga J, Castro-Herrera F. 2014. Conservation status of the herpetofauna, protected areas, and current problems in Valle del Cauca, Colombia. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 8 (2): 1–18 (e87) - get paper here Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp. Zipkin, Elise F.; Graziella V. DiRenzo, Julie M. Ray, Sam Rossman, Karen R. Lips 2020. Tropical snake diversity collapses after widespread amphibian loss. Science 367: 814–816 - get paper here
External links	IUCN Red List National Center for Biotechnology Information http://www.eitangrunwald.com/CR703/CR703p7.htm https://bioweb.bio/faunaweb/reptiliaweb/FichaEspecie/Imantodes%20inornatus https://www.reptilesofecuador.com/imantodes_inornatus.html Google images

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