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Lacerta bilineata DAUDIN, 1802

IUCN Red List - Lacerta bilineata - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaLacertidae, Lacertinae, Sauria, Lacertoidea, Squamata (lizards)
SubspeciesLacerta bilineata bilineata DAUDIN 1802
Lacerta bilineata chloronota RAFINESQUE-SCHMALTZ 1810 
Common NamesE: Western Green Lizard
G: Westliche Smaradgeidechse
Croatian: zapadnomediteranski zelembać
Italian: ramarro occidentale 
SynonymLacer­tus viridis GARSAULT 1764 (pl. 669) (nomen oblitum)
Lacerta varia WYTTENBACH in COXE 1789 (nomen oblitum)
Lacerta bilineata DAUDIN 1802: 152 (nomen protectum)
Lacertus viridis GARSAULT 1764
Lacerta viridis fejervaryi VASVARY 1926
Lacerta viridis magnifica SOBOLEVSKY 1930
Lacerta bilineata chlorosecunda TADDEI 1950: 207
Lacerta viridis fejervaryi — MÜLLER 1971
Lacerta viridis bilineata — ENGELMANN et al 1993
Lacerta viridis fejervaryi — ENGELMANN et al 1993
Lacerta bilineata — AMANN et al. 1997
Lacerta viridis fejervaryi — CEVIK & KUMLUTAS 1999
Lacerta viridis fejervaryi — PAWLOWSKI et al. 2004
Lacerta bilineata — BISCHOFF 2005
Lacerta bilineata fejervaryi — BÖHME et al. 2007
Lacerta bilineata fejervaryi — WIRTH 2013
Lacerta bilineata fejervaryi — SAGONAS et al. 2014
Lacerta bilineata italica — NCBI TAXONOMY 2016
Lacerta bilineata bilineata — MARZAHN et al. 2016

Lacerta bilineata chloronota RAFINESQUE-SCHMALTZ 1810
Lacerta chloronota RAFINESQUE-SCHMALTZ 1810: 7
Lacerta viridis chloronota — MERTENS 1932: 255
Lacerta viridis chloronota — TADDEI 1950: 205
Lacerta viridis chloronota — ENGELMANN et al 1993
Lacerta bilineata chloronota — BÖHME et al. 2007
Lacerta bilineata chloronota — SAGONAS et al. 2014
Lacerta bilineata chloronota — MARZAHN et al. 2016
Lacerta bilineata chloronota — LANTERMANN & LANTERMANN 2020 
DistributionS Switzerland, N Spain, Andorra, France, Monaco, Italy, Croatia, San Marino,
W Germany (Rivers Rhine, Nahe, Mosel),
United Kingdom, England (Channel islands Guernsey, Jersey),
USA (Kansas, urban Topeka, introduced: HR 33: 225)

chloronota: Italy (Sicily: Catania); Type locality: “Sicilia"

chlorosecunda: Italy; Type locality: “Taranto, Soleto (Lecce) e Capo S. Maria di Leuca”

fejervaryi: Elba (Italy)  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: unlocated; "la collection d'histoire naturelle d'Alexandre Brongniart … environs de Paris" (fide I. Doronin, pers. comm. Nov 2018), but not listed in Guibé 1954 for MNHN. 
Diagnosis 
CommentSynonymy: BÖHME et al. (2007) question the validity of L. b. chlorosecunda and fejervaryi. L. bilineata has been resurrected from synonymy with L. viridis by RYKENA 1991. Marzahn et al. 2016 synonymized chlorosecunda and fejervaryi with bilineata. Similarly, Marzhan et al. “could not answer whether L. bilineata and L. viridis represent distinct species without extensive gene flow” and they support the validity of two subspecies only, namely L. b. bilineata and L. b. chloronota.Lacerta viridis magnifica SOBOLEVSKY 1930 has been removed rom the synonymy of L. viridis and synonymized with L. bilineata by Kehlmaier et al 2019. Denzer et al. 2020 confirmed the earlier designation of Lacertus viridis as a nomen oblitum, first suggested by Dubois & Bour 2010, and designated Lacerta bilineata DAUDIN as a nomen protectum.

NCBI taxonomy ID: 340663 (italica) 
EtymologyApparently named after the two bright lines on the back of at least some specimens. 
References
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