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Lampropeltis annulata KENNICOTT, 1860

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Higher TaxaColubridae, Colubrinae, Lampropeltini, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Mexican Milksnake
S: Falsa Coralillo Añillada 
SynonymLampropeltis annulata COPE 1860: 257 (nom. nud., cites ms. of KENNICOTT)
Lampropeltis annulata KENNICOTT 1861: 329
Osceola doliata annulata — COPE 1900: 895
Lampropeltis triangulum annulata — TAYLOR 1939
Lampropeltis triangulum annulata — LINER et al. 1977
Lampropeltis triangulum dixoni QUINN 1983
Lampropeltis triangulum annulata — CONANT & COLLINS 1991: 209
Lampropeltis triangulum annulata — WILLIAMS 1994
Lampropeltis triangulum annulata — CROTHER 2000: 64
Lampropeltis triangulum annulata — TENNANT & BARTLETT 2000: 436
Lampropeltis triangulum annulata — CROTHER et al. 2012
Lampropeltis annulata — RUANE et al. 2014 
DistributionMexico (Nuevo León, Tamaulipas, possibly Coahuila, E San Luis Potosi, Hidalgo)

formerly recognized subspecies of L. triangulum:

annulata: USA (S Texas, S Tamaulipas to C Nuevo Léon, S ,E Coahuila (Mexico); Type locality: Mexico, Tamaulipas, Matamoras.

dixoni: S San Luis Potosí, NE Querétaro, Guanajuato [HR 30: 113] (Mexico); Type locality: "4.7 km W Jalpan, Queretaro, Mexico, elevation 625 m."  
Reproduction 
TypesHolotype: ANSP 3613, previously USNM 4293 (annulata)
Holotype: TCWC 29504, an adult female [dixoni] 
DiagnosisAdditional details, e.g. a detailed description or comparisons (637 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentSynonymy after PETERS & OREJAS-MIRANDA 1970, WILLIAMS 1994, and RUANE et al. 2014. Listed as synonym of Lampropeltis triangulum by WALLACH et al. 2014: 359.

Distribution: populations of annulata from S Texas were either not included or not contained in the annulata clade as defined by Ruane et al. 2014. Not listed for San Luis Potosí by Lemos-Espinal & Dixon 2013. Not in Guanajuato fide Leyte-Manrique et al. 2022. Not in Querétaro fide Tepos-Ramírez et al. (2023).

Phylogenetics: Burbrink et al. 2022 found that annulata nested within L. gentilis but they do not draw any taxonomic conclusions from that, due to limited sampling. 
References
  • BURBRINK, FRANK T.; JUSTIN M. BERNSTEIN, ARIANNA KUHN, MARCELO GEHARA & SARA RUANE. 2022. Ecological Divergence and the History of Gene Flow in the Nearctic Milksnakes (Lampropeltis triangulum Complex). Systematic Biology 71(4): 839–858. - get paper here
  • Conant,R. & Collins,J.T. 1991. A Field Guide to Reptiles and Amphibians of Eastern/Central North America, 3rd ed. Houghton Mifflin (Boston/New York), xx + 450 p.
  • Cope, E.D. 1860. Catalogue of the Colubridae in the Museum of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, with notes and descriptions of new species. Part II. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 12: 241-266 - get paper here
  • Cope, E.D. 1900. The crocodilians, lizards and snakes of North America. Ann. Rep. U.S. Natl. Mus. 1898: 153-1270 - get paper here
  • Crother, B. I. (ed.) 2012. Standard Common and Current Scientific Names for North American Amphibians, Turtles, Reptiles, and Crocodilians, Seventh Edition. Herpetological Circular 39: 1-92
  • Fernández-Badillo, L., S. Y. Valdez-Rentería, C. Raúl Olvera-Olvera, Guillermo Sánchez-Martínez , Norma L. Manríquez-Morán and I. Goyenechea. 2017. The snake Lampropeltis annulata, Kennicott, 1861, in Hidalgo, Mexico. Mesoamerican Herpetology 4 (2): 502–506 - get paper here
  • Heimes, P. 2016. Snakes of Mexico. Chimaira, Frankfurt, 572 pp
  • Kennicott, R. 1860. Descriptions of new species of North American serpents in the museum of the Smithsonian Institution, Washington. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 12: 328-338 - get paper here
  • Lazcano D, Nevárez-de los Reyes M, García-Padilla E, Johnson JD, Mata-Silva V, DeSantis DL, Wilson LD. 2019. The herpetofauna of Coahuila, Mexico: composition, distribution, and conservation status. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 13(2) [General Section]: 31–94 (e189) - get paper here
  • Lemos-Espinal JA, Smith GR, Woolrich-Piña GA 2018. Amphibians and reptiles of the state of San Luis Potosí, Mexico, with comparisons with adjoining states. ZooKeys 753: 83-106 - get paper here
  • Liner, Ernest A.;Johnson, Richard M.;Chaney, Alan H. 1977. A contribution to the herpetology of Northern Coahuila, Mexico. Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science 80 (1-2): 47-53 - get paper here
  • Mehrtens, J.M. 1987. Living snakes of the world in color. Sterling Publ. Co., hic., New York, NY: 480 pp.
  • Nevárez-de-los-Reyes, Manuel, David Lazcano, Elí García-Padilla, Vicente Mata-Silva, Jerry D. Johnson and Larry David Wilson. 2016. The Herpetofauna of Nuevo León, Mexico: Composition, Distribution, and Conservation. Mesoamerican Herpetology 3 (3): 558–638 - get paper here
  • Quinn, H. R. 1983. Two new subspecies of Lampropeltis triangulum from México. Trans. Kansas Acad. Sci. 86: 113-135. - get paper here
  • Ruane, Sara; Robert W. Bryson, Jr., R. Alexander Pyron, and Frank T. Burbrink 2014. Coalescent Species Delimitation in Milksnakes (genus Lampropeltis) and Impacts on Phylogenetic Comparative Analyses. Systematic Biology 63 (2): 231-250, doi:10.1093/sysbio/syt099 - get paper here
  • Taylor, Edward H. 1939. Some Mexican serpents. Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull. 26 (13): 445-487 - get paper here
  • Tennant, A. & Bartlett, R.D. 2000. Snakes of North America - Eastern and Central Regions. Gulf Publishing, Houston, TX, 588 pp.
  • Terán-Juárez, Sergio A., Elí García Padilla, Vicente Mata-Silva, Jerry D. Johnson and Larry David Wilson. 2016. The herpetofauna of Tamaulipas, Mexico: composition, distribution, and conservation status. Mesoamerican Herpetology 3 (1): 43–113 - get paper here
  • Williams K L 1994. Lampropeltis triangulum (Lacepede), milk snake. Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles 594: 1-10 - get paper here
  • Williams, K. L. 1988. Systematics and natural history of the American milk snake Lampropeltis triangulum. 2nd ed. Milwaukee Publ. Mus. Contrib. Biol. Geol. - get paper here
 
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