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Lampropeltis rhombomaculata (HOLBROOK, 1840)

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Higher TaxaColubridae, Colubrinae, Lampropeltini, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Mole Kingsnake, Mole snake 
SynonymColuber rhombo-maculatus HOLBROOK 1840: 103
Coronella rhombomaculata — HOLBROOK 1842: 103
Ophibolus rhombomaculatus — BAIRD & GIRARD 1853: 86
Ophibolus evansii KENNICOTT 1859
Lampropeltis rhombomaculata — COPE 1860: 255
Coronella rhombomaculata — JAN 1866
Coronella Evansii — JAN 1866
Lampropeltis rhombomaculata — STEJNEGER 1891: 503
Ophibolus rhombomaculatus — COPE 1900: 903
Lampropeltis rhombomaculata — ALLEN 1932
Ophibolus evansi — SCHMIDT 1954
Lampropeltis calligaster rhombomaculata — CONANT & COLLINS 1991: 211
Lampropeltis calligaster rhombomaculata — PALMER & BRASWELL 1995
Lampropeltis calligaster rhombomaculata — CROTHER 2000: 63
Lampropeltis calligaster rhombomaculata — TENNANT & BARTLETT 2000: 411
Lampropeltis calligaster rhombomaculata — CROTHER et al. 2012
Lampropeltis rhombomaculata — MCKELVY & BURBRINK 2016
Lampropeltis rhombomaculata — KLEOPFER et al. 2017
Lampropeltis rhombomaculata — CROTHER et al. 2017
Lampropeltis calligaster rhombomaculata — GIBBONS 2017: 159
Lampropeltis calligaster rhombomaculata — GUYER et al. 2018
Lampropeltis rhombomaculata — BEANE 2019 
DistributionUSA (Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, S Tennessee, N Florida (Blaney 1979);

Type locality: Georgia and Alabama.  
Reproductionoviparous. 
TypesHolotype: nondesignated fide Blaney 1979 
DiagnosisAdditional details, e.g. a detailed description or comparisons (894 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentHybridization: Lampropeltis rhombomaculata contacts and may hybridize with Lampropeltis calligaster in Northern Mississippi and elsewhere (Cook 1945, McKelvy & Burbrink 2016). 
EtymologyNamed after Latin rhombus, a mathematical figure whose four sides and opposite angles are equal, a rhomb + Latin maculata, spotted. [“...superior surface chestnut-brown, with a vertebral series of rhomboid light brown spots...”]. 
References
  • Allen, Morrow J. 1932. A survey of the Amphibians and reptiles of Harrison County, Mississippi. American Museum Novitates (542): 1-20 - get paper here
  • Bailey, Reeve M. 1939. Carphophis amoena vermis and Lampropeltis calligaster in Iowa. Copeia 1939 (4): 218-220 - get paper here
  • Baird, S. F. and C. Girard. 1853. Catalogue of North American Reptiles in the Museum of the Smithsonian Institution. Part 1.-Serpents. Smithsonian Inst., Washington, xvi + 172 pp. - get paper here
  • Beane, J C 2019. New geographic distribution records for reptiles from North Carolina, USA. Herpetological Review 50 (3): 538-542 - get paper here
  • Bird, William; Peak, Phil; Collins, Joseph T. 2005. Lampropeltis calligaster (Prairie Kingsnake). New record length for the entire range. Journal of Kansas Herpetology (15):12. - get paper here
  • Blanchard, Frank N. 1920. A synopsis of the king snakes: Genus Lampropeltis Fitzinger. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan (87): 1-7 - get paper here
  • Blaney R M 1979. Lampropeltis calligaster (Harlan). Prairie kingsnake. Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles ( 229: 1-2 - get paper here
  • Bogosian, Victor; Eric C. Hellgren, and Raymond W. Moody 2012. Assemblages of Amphibians, Reptiles, and Mammals on an Urban Military Base in Oklahoma. Southwestern Naturalist 57 (3): 277-284. - get paper here
  • Brimley, C. S. 1927. Some records of amphibians and reptiles from North Carolina. Copeia 1927 (162): 10-12 - get paper here
  • Burger, R. Michael. 2013. Lampropeltis calligaster (prairie kingsnake) diet. Herpetological Review 44 (2): 330-331 - get paper here
  • Burt, Charles E. 1935. Further records of the ecology and distribution of amphibians and reptiles in the middle west. American Midland Naturalist 16 (3): 311-336 - get paper here
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  • Collins, J.T. & Collins, S.L. 2009. A pocket guide to Kansas snakes, 2nd ed. Great Plains Nature Center, Wichita, 69 pp.
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  • Conant,R. & Collins,J.T. 1991. A Field Guide to Reptiles and Amphibians of Eastern/Central North America, 3rd ed. Houghton Mifflin (Boston/New York), xx + 450 p.
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  • Cook, Fannye A. 1945. Intergradation of Lampropeltis calligaster and L. rhombomaculata in Mississippi. Copeia 1945 (1): 47-48 - get paper here
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  • Ernst, C.H., S.W. Gotte & J.E. Lovich 1985. Reproduction in the mole kingsnake, Lampropeltis calligaster rhombomaculata Bull. Maryland Herpetol. Soc. 21(1): 16-22. - get paper here
  • Force, Edith R. 1928. A Preliminary Checklist of Amphibians and Reptiles of Tulsa County. Proceedings of the Oklahoma Academy of Science 8: - get paper here
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  • Garman, Samuel 1884. The reptiles and batrachians of North America. Mem. Mus. comp. Zool, Cambridge (Massachusetts), 8 (3): xxxiv + 185 pp. [1883] [CNAH reprint 10] - get paper here
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  • Grogan, W.L., Jr. & E.C. Prince 1971. Notes on Hatchling Mole snakes, Lampropeltis calligaster rhombomaculata Holbrook, in Maryland Bull. Maryland Herpetol. Soc. 7(2): 42. - get paper here
  • Gutberlet, Ronald L.; Franklin, Carl J. 1996. Geographic Distribution. Lampropeltis calligaster calligaster. Herpetological Review 27 (4): 213 - get paper here
  • Guyer, Craig; Mark A. Bailey, and Robert H. Mount 2018. Lizards and snakes of Alabama. University of Alabama Press, 397 pp. - get paper here
  • Harlan, R. 1827. Genera of North American Reptilia, and synopsis of the species. J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 5: 317-372 - get paper here
  • Hay, W. P. 1902. The color of the fully adult Ophibolus rhombomaculatus Holbrook. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 15: 90 - get paper here
  • Hibbitts, Toby J. 1998. Geographic distribution. Lampropeltis calligaster calligaster. Herpetological Review 29 (3): 177 - get paper here
  • Holbrook, John E. 1840. North American Herpetology, Vol. 4 (1st ed.). J. Dobson, Philadelphia, 126 pp. - get paper here
  • Holbrook, John E. 1842. North American Herpetology; or, A description of the reptiles inhabiting the United States. Vol I (2nd ed.). J. Dobson, Philadelphia, 152 pp. - get paper here
  • Holt, B D & Dollar, A 2018. Lampropeltis calligaster (Yellow-bellied Kingsnake) Albinism. Herpetological Review 49 (2): 343-344 - get paper here
  • Holt, B.D. & Dollar, A. 2018. Geographic Distribution: Lampropeltis calligaster (Yellow-bellied Kingsnake). Herpetological Review 49 (1): 76-77. - get paper here
  • Howden, H.F. 1970. The brown king snake or mole snake (Lampropeltis rhombomaculata) in Maryland Bull. Maryland Herpetol. Soc. 6(4): 82-85. - get paper here
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  • Veal, Z & Holt, B D; 2019. Geographic Distribution: Lampropeltis calligaster (Yellow-bellied Kingsnake) USA: Alabama: Cherokee Co. Herpetological Review 50 (2): 330-331 - get paper here
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