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Laticauda saintgironsi COGGER & HEATWOLE, 2006

IUCN Red List - Laticauda saintgironsi - Least Concern, LC

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Higher TaxaElapidae (Laticaudinae), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common Names 
SynonymLaticauda saintgironsi COGGER & HEATWOLE 2006
Laticauda colubrina — SCHNEIDER 1799 (part.)
Platurus laticaudatus var. B. — GÜNTHER 1858 (part.)
Platurus colubrinus — BOULENGER 1896: 309 (part.)
Laticauda saintgironsi — HEATWOLE et al. 2005
Laticauda saintgironsi — LIVIGNI 2013: 310, 357
Laticauda saintgironsi — WALLACH et al. 2014: 365 
DistributionIndian Ocean: New Caledonia, Loyalty Islands; single specimens have been reported from New Zealand, and the Caroline Islands.

Type locality: Porc-épic Island, Le Lagon, near Noumea, New Caledonia.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: MNHN-RA 2013.1032 (formerly AMS R162999), adult male; paratypes: AMS (Australian Museum Sydney) 
DiagnosisDiagnosis. A banded sea krait of the genus Laticauda characterized by the possession of a yellow or cream upper lip, an undivided rostral scale, usually 21 mid-body scale rows in both sexes (but occasionally 23 or rarely 25 rows. mode 21 in both sexes), ventral scales from 211 to 224 in males and from 215 to 230 in females, and a maximum snout-vent length (SVL) of 817 mm (males) and 1090 mm (females). It can be distinguished from L. laticaudata and L. crockeri by its yellow under lip (black or dark brown in laticaudata and crockeri) and from L. semifasciata and L. schistorhyncha by its pale upper lip and undivided rostral (upper lip brown and rostral divided in semifasciata and schistorhyncha). From the nearest populations (Fiji and Vanuatu) of its allopatric congener L. colubrina it may be distinguished by a lower modal mid-body scale row count of 21, its lower ventral scale counts (Table 1, Fig. 8); smaller size (Table 1); dark body bands either not meeting ventrally or narrowing ventrally, often with a pale mid-ventral blotch: and its distinctive body colour in which the paler bands are predominently brown (fawn to rich russet vs steely grey or blue in L. colubrina). From L. frontalis is may be distinguished by its larger size and higher ventral and subcaudal counts (Table 1) and the distinctive brown dorsal colour (grey or blue-grey in frontalis). (Cogger & Heatwole 2006) 
CommentVenomous!

Synonymy after HEATWOLE et al 2005.

Laticauda saintgironsi consists of populations of L. colubrina s.l. found around the coast and in the coastal waters of the main island of New Caledonia.

Habitat: marine.

Distribution: Not in India fide I. Das (pers. comm., 22 Dec 2011). See maps in Gherghel et al. 2016, Heatwole et al. 2017. 
EtymologyNamed after the late Dr Hubert Saint Girons, whose many outstanding contributions to international herpetology ranged across disciplines and continents. In order for Future workers to clearly identify the patronym, the name saintgironsi is formed directly from the modern personal name as a noun in the genitive case. 
References
  • Bech, N., Foucart, T., Fauvel, T., Brischoux, F., Bouchon, D. and Bonnet, X. 2016. Phenotypic variation contrasts with genetic homogeneity across scattered sea snake colonies. J. Biogeogr., 43: 1573–1582. doi:10.1111/jbi.12735 - get paper here
  • Bech, N., Foucart, T., Fauvel, T., Brischoux, F., Bouchon, D. and Bonnet, X. 2016. Phenotypic variation contrasts with genetic homogeneity across scattered sea snake colonies. Journal of Biogeography, doi: 10.1111/jbi.12735 - get paper here
  • Beolens, Bo; Michael Watkins, and Michael Grayson 2011. The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, USA - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1896. Catalogue of the snakes in the British Museum, Vol. 3. London (Taylor & Francis), xiv + 727 pp. - get paper here
  • Cogger, Harold G. & Heatwole, Harold F. 2006. Laticauda frontalis (de Vis, 1905) and Laticauda saintgironsi n. sp. from Vanuatu and New Caledonia (Serpentes: Elapidae: Laticaudinae) - a new lineage of sea kraits? Rec. Austral. Mus. 58 (2): 245-256 - get paper here
  • Gherghel I, Papeş M, Brischoux F, Sahlean T, Strugariu A 2016. A revision of the distribution of sea kraits (Reptilia, Laticauda) with an updated occurrence dataset for ecological and conservation research. ZooKeys 569: 135-148, doi: 10.3897/zookeys.569.6975 - get paper here
  • Günther, A. 1858. Catalogue of Colubrine snakes of the British Museum. London, I - XVI, 1 - 281 - get paper here
  • Heatwole, H.; Busack, S. & Cogger, H. 2005. Geographic variation in sea kraits of the Laticauda colubrina complex (Serpentes: Elapidae: Hydrophiinae: Laticaudini). Herpetological Monographs 19: 1-136 - get paper here
  • Heatwole, Harold; Alana Grech, and Helene Marsh 2017. Paleoclimatology, Paleogeography, and the Evolution and Distribution of Sea Kraits (Serpentes; Elapidae; Laticauda). Herpetological Monographs 31 (1): 1-17. - get paper here
  • Ineich I 2009. Bocourt’s Terrific Skink, Phoboscincus bocourti Brocchi, 1876 (Squamata, Scincidae, Lygosominae), in GraNdCoLaS P. (ed.), Zoologia Neocaledonica 7. Biodiversity studies in New Caledonia. Mémoires du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle 198: 149-174. Paris, ISBN: <br>978-2-85653-618-6.
  • Lane, A.M.; Oldroyd, B.P. & Shine, R. 2008. Microsatellite loci for laticaudine sea kraits. Molecular Ecology Resources 8: 1161–1163 - get paper here
  • Lane, Amanda; Richard Shine 2011. Phylogenetic relationships within laticaudine sea snakes (Elapidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 59 (3): 567-577 - get paper here
  • Langner, C. 2015. Auf der Suche nach Neukaledonischen Riesengeckos. Reptilia (Münster) 20 (113): 34-44 - get paper here
  • LiVigni, F. (ed.) 2013. A Life for Reptiles and Amphibians, Volume 1. Chimaira, Frankfurt, 495 pp. - get paper here
  • Lutterschmidt, William I. 2013. REPTILES IN RESEARCH: INVESTIGATIONS OF ECOLOGY, PHYSIOLOGY, AND BEHAVIOR FROM DESERT TO SEA. Nova Science, New York, 527 pp. - get paper here
  • O’Shea, M. 2018. The Book of Snakes. Ivy Press / Quarto Publishing, London, - get paper here
  • Schneider, J. G. 1799. Historiae Amphibiorum narturalis et literariae. Fasciculus primus, continens Ranas. Calamitas, Bufones, Salamandras et Hydros. Frommanni, Jena, 266 S. - get paper here
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
 
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