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Leiocephalus herminieri (DUMÉRIL & BIBRON, 1837)

IUCN Red List - Leiocephalus herminieri - Extinct, EX
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Higher TaxaLeiocephalidae, Iguania, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Martinique Curlytail Lizard
G: Herminiers Glattkopfleguan 
SynonymHolotropis herminieri DUMÉRIL & BIBRON 1837: 261
Holotropis Herminieri — DUMÉRIL, BIBRON & DUMÉRIL 1854: 268
Liocephalus [sic] herminieri — BOULENGER 1885: 166
Leiocephalus herminieri — SCHWARTZ & HENDERSON 1991: 430
Leiocephalus herminieri — JOSEPH-OUNI 2006 
DistributionMartinique

Type locality: Îles de la Trinité et de la Martinique.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesSyntypes: MNHN-RA 1826, MNHN-RA 2389, MNHN-RA 6829; other specimens: BMNH 52.12.3.10, received from Paris fide Boulenger 1885. 
DiagnosisUnfortunately we had to temporarily remove additional information as this was scraped by multiple AI companies who sell that data to their customers. These details, e.g. detailed descriptions or comparisons (about 645 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentConservation: Only known from a skeleton, presumably from Martinique. Extinct since 1840 fide JOSEPH-OUNI 2006, Thorpe 2022.

Illustration in DUMÉRIL & BIBRON, planche 44; Kwet 2013. Bourgade 2025: 52 shows a photo that he claims is this species.

Abundance: only known from its original description (Meiri et al. 2017). 
EtymologyNamed after Felix Louis L'Herminier (1779-1833), French pharmacist and naturalist who left France (1794) for America and settled in Guadeloupe, West Indies and later on the U.S. Virgin Islands. 
References
  • Beolens, Bo; Michael Watkins, and Michael Grayson 2011. The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, USA - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1885. Catalogue of the lizards in the British Museum (Natural History). Vol. 2, Second edition. London, xiii+497 pp. - get paper here
  • Bourgade, M. 2025. HISTORY OF THE ENDEMIC TURTLES OF THE CARIBBEAN Testudinidae present in Martinique Chelinoid Land Turtles and Trachemy Marsh Turtles. Preprint - get paper here
  • Duméril, A. M. C. and G. Bibron. 1837. Erpétologie Générale ou Histoire Naturelle Complete des Reptiles. Vol. 4. Libr. Encyclopédique Roret, Paris, 570 pp. - get paper here
  • Duméril, A. M.C., G. BIBRON & A. DUMÉRIL 1854. Erpétologie générale ou Histoire Naturelle complète des Reptiles. Vol. 9. Paris, XX + 440 S. - get paper here
  • Joseph-Ouni, M. 2006. Profiles of extinction #22: Martinique Island Curly-Tailed Lizard, Leiocephalus herminieri. Reptilia (GB) (48): 86 - get paper here
  • Kwet, Axel 2013. Vermisst - Herminiers Glattkopfleguan (Leiocephalus herminieri). Terraria-Elaphe 2013 (5): 84 - get paper here
  • Meiri, Shai; Aaron M. Bauer, Allen Allison, Fernando Castro-Herrera, Laurent Chirio, Guarino Colli, Indraneil Das, Tiffany M. Doan, Frank Glaw, Lee L. Grismer, Marinus Hoogmoed, Fred Kraus, Matthew LeBreton, Danny Meirte, Zoltán T. Nagy, Cristiano d 2017. Extinct, obscure or imaginary: the lizard species with the smallest ranges. Diversity and Distributions 24 (2): 262-273 - get paper here
  • Pregill,G.K. 1992. Systematics of the West Indian Lizard Genus Leiocephalus (Squamata: Iguania: Tropiduridae). Misc. Publ. Univ. Kans. Mus. Nat. Hist. 84: 1-69 - get paper here
  • Schwartz, A. & Henderson, R.W. 1991. Amphibians and Reptiles of the West Indies. University of Florida Press, Gainesville, 720 pp.
 
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