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Leiocephalus herminieri (DUMÉRIL & BIBRON, 1837)

IUCN Red List - Leiocephalus herminieri - Extinct, EX
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Higher TaxaLeiocephalidae, Iguania, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Martinique Curlytail Lizard
G: Herminiers Glattkopfleguan 
SynonymHolotropis herminieri DUMÉRIL & BIBRON 1837: 261
Holotropis Herminieri — DUMÉRIL, BIBRON & DUMÉRIL 1854: 268
Liocephalus [sic] herminieri — BOULENGER 1885: 166
Leiocephalus herminieri — SCHWARTZ & HENDERSON 1991: 430
Leiocephalus herminieri — JOSEPH-OUNI 2006 
DistributionMartinique

Type locality: Îles de la Trinité et de la Martinique.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesSyntypes: MNHN-RA 1826, MNHN-RA 2389, MNHN-RA 6829; other specimens: BMNH 52.12.3.10, received from Paris fide Boulenger 1885. 
DiagnosisDESCRIPTION: Size large (maximum SVL 126 mm in male, 139 mm in female in
only known, sexed specimens); strong oblique fold anterior to arm; head scales large, more or less distinctly striate; dorsal scales large, keeled, the keels forming continuous oblique series; dorsal crest scales well developed, height about equal to eye-opening; lateral and ventral scales smaller, keeled. Dorsal ground color (as preserved) greenish brown, with or without irregular, yellowish crossbands on back; head yellowish with 4 or 5 vertical black bars on each side; venter yellowish; throat with oblique, black transverse bands (Schwartz & Henderson 1991: 430). 
CommentConservation: Only known from a skeleton, presumably from Martinique. Extinct since 1840 fide JOSEPH-OUNI 2006.

Illustration in DUMÉRIL & BIBRON, planche 44; Kwet 2013.

Abundance: only known from its original description (Meiri et al. 2017). 
EtymologyNamed after Felix Louis L'Herminier (1779-1833), French pharmacist and naturalist who left France (1794) for America and settled in Guadeloupe, West Indies and later on the U.S. Virgin Islands. 
References
  • Beolens, Bo; Michael Watkins, and Michael Grayson 2011. The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, USA - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1885. Catalogue of the lizards in the British Museum (Natural History). Vol. 2, Second edition. London, xiii+497 pp. - get paper here
  • Duméril, A. M. C. and G. Bibron. 1837. Erpétologie Générale ou Histoire Naturelle Complete des Reptiles. Vol. 4. Libr. Encyclopédique Roret, Paris, 570 pp. - get paper here
  • Duméril, A. M.C., G. BIBRON & A. DUMÉRIL 1854. Erpétologie générale ou Histoire Naturelle complète des Reptiles. Vol. 9. Paris, XX + 440 S. - get paper here
  • Joseph-Ouni, M. 2006. Profiles of extinction #22: Martinique Island Curly-Tailed Lizard, Leiocephalus herminieri. Reptilia (GB) (48): 86 - get paper here
  • Kwet, Axel 2013. Vermisst - Herminiers Glattkopfleguan (Leiocephalus herminieri). Terraria-Elaphe 2013 (5): 84 - get paper here
  • Meiri, Shai; Aaron M. Bauer, Allen Allison, Fernando Castro-Herrera, Laurent Chirio, Guarino Colli, Indraneil Das, Tiffany M. Doan, Frank Glaw, Lee L. Grismer, Marinus Hoogmoed, Fred Kraus, Matthew LeBreton, Danny Meirte, Zoltán T. Nagy, Cristiano d 2017. Extinct, obscure or imaginary: the lizard species with the smallest ranges. Diversity and Distributions - get paper here
  • Pregill,G.K. 1992. Systematics of the West Indian Lizard Genus Leiocephalus (Squamata: Iguania: Tropiduridae). Misc. Publ. Univ. Kans. Mus. Nat. Hist. 84: 1-69 - get paper here
  • Schwartz, A. & Henderson, R.W. 1991. Amphibians and Reptiles of the West Indies. University of Florida Press, Gainesville, 720 pp.
 
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