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Leptodrymus pulcherrimus (COPE, 1874)

IUCN Red List - Leptodrymus pulcherrimus - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaColubridae, Colubrinae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Striped Lowland Snake 
SynonymMasticophis pulcherrimus COPE 1874: 65
Zamenis pulcherrimus — BOULENGER 1893: 392
Zamenis bitaeniatus BOETTGER 1898: 42
Leptodrymus clarki AMARAL 1927: 29
Leptodrymus pulcherrimus — DUNN 1931: 163
Salvadora pulcherrimus — BOGERT 1939 (fide VILLA et al. 1988)
Leptodrymus pulcherrimus — PETERS & OREJAS-MIRANDA 1970: 156
Leptodrymus pulcherrimus — SAVAGE 2002
Leptodrymus pulcherrimus — WALLACH et al. 2014: 371
Leptodrymus pulcherrimus — MARTÍNEZ-FONSECA et al. 2024 
DistributionW Guatemala, El Salvador, W Nicaragua, E Honduras, E Costa Rica

Type locality: “WEstern side of Central America”  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesSyntypes: ANSP 14688, 5199
Holotype: MCZ 20207 [clarki] 
DiagnosisAdditional details, e.g. a detailed description or comparisons (1045 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentSynonymy after PETERS & OREJAS-MIRANDA 1970 and VILLA et al. 1988.

Type species: Masticophis pulcherrimus COPE 1874: 65 is the type species of the genus Leptodrymus AMARAL 1927. 
EtymologyApparently named after Latin pulcherrimus, superlative of pulcher, pretty; beautiful; handsome.

The genus was named after a combination of the generic names Leptophis Bell, 1825 (see) + Drymobius Fitzinger,1843 (see). ["...Leptodrymus is close to both Drymobius Fitzinger and Leptophis Wagler through its dentition, physiognomy, shape and pholidosis…"]. 
References
  • Amaral, A. D. 1927. Studies of neotropical ophidia VI. A new genus of snakes from Honduras. Bull. Antivenin Inst. America 1 (1): 28-29
  • Boettger, O. 1898. Katalog der Reptilien-Sammlung im Museum der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Frankfurt/M. 2.Teil (Schlangen). [type catalogue] Frankfurt/M (Gebr. Knauer), i-ix + 1-160. - get paper here
  • Bogert, C. M. 1939. Notes on snakes of the genus Salvadora with a redescription of a neglected Mexican species. Copeia 1939 (3): 140-147. - get paper here
  • Bogert, C. M. 1947. The status of the genus Leptodrymus Amaral, with comments on modifications of colubrid pre-maxillae. American Museum Novitates 1352: 1-14 - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1893. Catalogue of the snakes in the British Museum (Nat. Hist.) I. London (Taylor & Francis), 448 pp. - get paper here
  • Cope, E.D. 1874. Description of some species of reptiles obtained by Dr. John F. Bransford, Assistant Surgeon United States Navy, while attached to the Nicaraguan surveying Expedition in 1873. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 26: 64-72 - get paper here
  • Dunn, E. R. 1931. Some Central American snake genera. Copeia 1931 (4): 163 - get paper here
  • Espinal, Mario; José M. Solís, Carlos M. O’Reilly, Leonel Marineros, and Hermes Vega 2014. New distributional records for amphibians and reptiles from the department of Santa Bárbara, Honduras. Mesoamerican Herpetology 1 (2): 300 - get paper here
  • Guerra Centeno, Dennis; Héctor Fuentes Rousselin & David Morán Villatoro 2012. Serpientes de Guatemala: Guía para didentificación de especies. Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala, 186 pp.
  • Köhler, G. 2008. Reptiles of Central America. 2nd Ed. Herpeton-Verlag, 400 pp.
  • Martínez-Fonseca JG, Holmes IA, Sunyer J, Westeen EP, Grundler MR, Cerda PA, Fernández-Mena MA, Loza-Molina JC, Monagan IV Jr., Nondorf D, Pandelis GG, Rabosky ARD 2023. A collection and analysis of amphibians and reptiles from Nicaragua with new country and departmental records. Check List 20(1): 58-125 - get paper here
  • McCranie J R 2011. The snakes of Honduras. SSAR, Salt Lake City, 725 pp.
  • McCranie, James R. 2015. A checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Honduras, with additions, comments on taxonomy, some recent taxonomic decisions, and areas of further studies needed. Zootaxa 3931 (3): 352–386 - get paper here
  • McCranie, James R., and Alexander Gutsche 2016. The herpetofauna of islands in the Golfo de Fonseca and adjacent waters, Honduras. Mesoamerican Herpetology 3 (4): 842–899 - get paper here
  • McCranie, James R., Leonardo Valdés Orellana and Alexander Gutsche. 2013. New departmental records for amphibians and reptiles in Honduras. Herpetological Review 44 (2): 288-289 - get paper here
  • Mertens, R. 1952. Die Amphibien und Reptilien von El Salvador. Abh. senckenb. naturf. Ges. (Frankfurt) (No. 487): 120 pp.
  • Montingelli GG, Grazziotin FG, Battilana J, Murphy RW, Zhang Y‐P, Zaher H. 2018. Higher‐level phylogenetic affinities of the Neotropical genus Mastigodryas Amaral, 1934 (Serpentes: Colubridae), species‐group definition and description of a new genus for Mastigodryas bifossatus. J Zool Syst Evol Res. 57: 205– 239 [online 2018, in print 2019] - get paper here
  • Peters, James A.; Donoso-Barros, Roberto & Orejas-Miranda, Braulio 1970. Catalogue of the Neotropical Squamata: Part I Snakes. Bull. US Natl. Mus. 297: 347 pp. - get paper here
  • Phillips, John G., Javier Sunyer, Lenin A. Obando, Billy M. Aleman, Silvia J. Robleto, Jenny A. Gubler and Kirsten E. Nicholson. 2014. Leptodrymus pulcherrimus (striped lowland snake) coloration. Herpetological Review 45 (4): 711 - get paper here
  • Savage, J.M. 2002. The Amphibians and Reptiles of Costa Rica: A Herpetofauna Between Two Continents, Between Two Seas. University of Chicago Press, 934 pp. [review in Copeia 2003 (1): 205]
  • Smith, Hobart M. 1938. Notes on the snakes of the genus Salvadora. Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull. 25 (12): 229-237 - get paper here
  • Solís, J. M., L. D. Wilson, and J. H. Townsend. 2014. An updated list of the amphibians and reptiles of Honduras, with comments on their nomenclature. Mesoamerican Herpetology 1: 123–144 - get paper here
  • Solorzano, A. 2004. Serpientes de Costa Rica - Snakes of Costa Rica. Editorial INBio, Costa Rica, 792 pp.
  • Stark, Tariq 2015. Notes on colour, foraging and diurnal activity in the Neotropical colubrid snake Leptodrymus pulcherrimus on Ometepe Island (Nicaragua). Litteratura Serpentium 35 (4): 161-167 - get paper here
  • Stark, Tariq 2016. Rectification: Notes on colour, foraging and diurnal activity in the Neotropical colubrid snake Leptodrymus pulcherrimus on Ometepe Island (Nicaragua). Litteratura Serpentium 36 (1): 39 - get paper here
  • Sunyer, Javier 2014. An updated checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Nicaragua. Mesoamerican Herpetology 1 (2): 186–202. - get paper here
  • Sunyer, Javier & José́ Gabriel Martínez-Fonseca 2023. An updated country checklist to the amphibians and reptiles of Nicaragua. REVISTA NICARAGÜENSE DE BIODIVERSIDAD (100): 1-25 - get paper here
  • Sunyer, Javier and Richard Leonardi 2015. Leptodrymus pulcherrimus (Cope, 1874). Diet. Mesoamerican Herpetology 2 (4): 523 - get paper here
  • Villa, J., Wilson, L.D., Johnson, J.D. 1988. Middle American Herpetology - A Bibliographic Checklist. University of Missouri Press, 132 pp [review in Copeia 1989 (3): 802]
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
 
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