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Leucocephalon yuwonoi (MCCORD, IVERSON & BOEADI, 1995)

IUCN Red List - Leucocephalon yuwonoi - Critically Endangered, CR
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Higher TaxaGeoemydidae (Geoemydinae), Testudinoidea, Testudines (turtles)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Sulawesi Forest Turtle
G: Celebes-Erdschildkröte 
SynonymGeoemyda yuwonoi MCCORD et al. 1995: 311
Heosemys yuwonoi — FRITZ & OBST 1996
Leucocephalon yuwonoi — MCCORD et al. 2000: 86
Leucocephalon yuwonoi — PLATT et al. 2001
Heosemys yuwonoi — OBST 2003: 17
Leucocephalon yuwonoi — OBST 2003: 18
Leucocephalon yuwonoi — MCCORD & JOSEPH-OUNI 2003
Notochelys yuwonoi — ARTNER 2008: 10
Leucocephalon yuwonoi — TTWG 2014
Leucocephalon yuwonoi — TTWG 2021 
DistributionIndonesia (Sulawesi)

Type locality: “Near Gorontalo (0° 33’ N, 123° 05’ E), on the Minahassa Peninsula”, N Celebes (Indonesia).  
Reproduction 
TypesHolotype: MZB 10295, an adult male, Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense; paratypes: MZB, FLMNH (UF) 
DiagnosisDiagnosis. A large batagurid species. tentatively assigned to the genus Geoemyda, but distinguishable from all other batagurids by the combination of: (1) relatively large size: (2) relatively low. tricarinate, orange-brown carapace; (3) unhinged and unstreaked plastron; (4) very short inter-gular seam (less than 50% of interanal seam length) and nearly parallel anterior and posterior gular margins: (5) very long interanal seam: (6) well-developed bony bridge; (7) distinctive, sexually dichromatic head coloration: (8) laterally cusped upper tomium; (9) hooked beak; (10) maxillae contacting anteriorly, below the premaxillae; and (11) lack of a postorbital bar. (McCord et al. 1995) 
CommentPicture in Draco 13 (4): 94 (2003).

Conservation: This is one of the most endangered turtle species according to a 2003 assessment by the IUCN.

Type species: Geoemyda yuwonoi MCCORD et al. 1995 is the type species of the genus Leucocephalon MCCORD et al. 2000: 86.

Habitat: freshwater (Rivers, swamps) 
EtymologyNamed after Frank Bambang Yuwono (b. 1958), a biologist, herpetologist, and breeder of small mammals and reptiles. 
References
  • Artner, H. 2008. The world's extant turtle species, Part 1. Emys 15 (3): 4-32
  • Beolens, Bo; Michael Watkins, and Michael Grayson 2011. The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, USA - get paper here
  • Bour, R. 2008. Global diversity of turtles (Chelonii; Reptilia) in freshwater. Hydrobiologia 595:593–598 - get paper here
  • Fritz U; Obst F J 1996. Zur Kenntnis der Celebes-Erdschildkröte, Heosemys yuwonoi (McCord, Iverson & Boeadi, 1995). Herpetofauna 18 (102): 27-34 - get paper here
  • Hagen, Chris; and Ching, Iwalani Y. S. 2005. Distributions, Natural History, and Exploitation of Leucocephalon yuwonoi in Centra Sulawesi, Indonesia. Chelonian Conserv. Biol. 4 (4): 948- 951.
  • Ives, Ian E.; Steven G. Platt, Johny S. Tasirin, Iwan Hunowu, Stephan Siwu, and Thomas R. Rainwater 2008. Field Surveys, Natural History Observations, and Comments on the Exploitation and Conservation of Indotestudo forstenii, Leucocephalon yuwonoi, and Cuora amboinensis in Sulawesi, Indonesia. Chelonian Conservation and Biology 7(2): 240 - get paper here
  • Koch, A. 2012. Discovery, Diversity, and Distribution of the Amphibians and Reptiles of Sulawesi and its offshore islands. Edition Chimaira, 374 pp. [ISBN 978-3-89973-432-4] - get paper here
  • McCord, W.P. & Joseph-Ouni, M. 2003. Chelonian Illustrations #10. Monotypic genera of the family Geoemydidae. Reptilia (GB) (30): 34-38 - get paper here
  • Mccord, W.P., J.B. IVERSON, P.Q. SPINKS & H.B. SHAFFER 2000. A new genus of geoemydid turtle from Asia. Hamadryad 25(2): 20-24 - get paper here
  • McCord,W.P.; Iverson,J.B. & Boeadi 1995. A new batagurid turtle from northern Sulawesi, Indonesia. Chelonian Conserv. Biol. 1 (4): 311-316 - get paper here
  • Meier, E. 2004. Das Internationale Zentrum für Schildkrötenschutz (IZS) füllt sich mit Leben. Elaphe 12 (2): 60-64
  • Obst, F.J. 2003. Sumpfschildkröten. Draco 4 (13): 4-18 - get paper here
  • Platt, Steven G.; Lee, Robert J.; Klemens, Michael W. 2001. Notes on the Distribution, Life History, and Exploitation of Turtles in Sulawesi, Indonesia, with Emphasis on Indotestudo forstenii and Leucocephalon yuwonoi. Chelonian Conserv. Biol. 4(1):154-159.
  • Riyanto, Awal 2006. Notes on exploitation, population status, distribution, and natural history of the Sulawesi forest turtle (Leucocephalon yuwonoi) in north-central Sulawesi, Indonesia. Chelonian Conserv. Biol. 5 (2): 320-323. - get paper here
  • Schilde, M. 2004. Asiatische Sumpfschildkröten - Die Familie Geoemydidae in Südostasien, China und Japan. Natur und Tier Verlag (Münster), 192 pp. - get paper here
  • SIMMS, ANGELA; MARTIN J. WHITING, J. SEAN DOODY, JUSRI NILAWATI, FADLY Y. TANTU, ANDREW WALDE, FATMAH LAUHIDO, CHRISTINE LIGHT, MIRZA KUSRINI, AMIR HAMIDY, ANDREW P. ALLEN & SIMON CLULOW. 2022. Preliminary Insights on the Spatial Ecology, Population Demography, and Sexual Dimorphism of the Critically Endangered Sulawesi Forest Turtle (Leucocephalon yuwonoi). Journal of Herpetology 56(4): 461–469. - get paper here
  • TTWG [Peter Paul van Dijk, John B. Iverson, Anders G.J. Rhodin, H. Bradley Shaffer, and Roger Bour] 2014. Turtles of the World, 7th Edition: Annotated Checklist of Taxonomy, Synonymy, Distribution with Maps, and Conservation Status. 000.v7. Chelonian Research Monographs (ISSN 1088-7105) No. 5, doi:10.3854/crm.5.000.checklist.v7.2014 - get paper here
  • TTWG; Rhodin, A.G.J., Iverson, J.B., Bour, R., Fritz, U., Georges, A., Shaffer, H.B., and van Dijk, P.P. 2021. Turtles of the World: Annotated Checklist and Atlas of Taxonomy, Synonymy, Distribution, and Conservation Status (9th Ed.). In: Rhodin, A.G.J., Iverson, J.B., van Dijk, P.P., Stanford, C.B., Goode, E.V., Buhlmann, K.A., and Mittermeier, R.A. (Eds.). Conservation Biology of Freshwater Turtles and Tortoises: A Compilation Project of the IUCN/SSC Tortoise and Freshwater Turtle Specialist Group. Chelonian Research Monographs 8:1–472. doi:10.3854/crm.8.checklist.atlas.v9.2021. - get paper here
  • Wanger, T. C., I. Motzke, S. Saleh & D. T. Iskandar 2011. The amphibians and reptiles of the Lore Lindu National Park area, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. Salamandra 47 (1): 17-29 - get paper here
  • Werning, H. 2003. Eine Arche für asiatische Schildkröten - Eröffnung des Internationalen Zentrums für Schildkrötenschutz (IZS) im Allwetterzoo Münster. Reptilia (Münster) 8 (44): 5-14 - get paper here
  • Werning, H. 2007. Das internationale Zentrum für Schildkrötenschutz nimmt immer weiter Fahrt auf. Reptilia (Münster) 12 (63): 3-5 - get paper here
 
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