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Lialis burtonis GRAY, 1834

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Higher TaxaPygopodidae, Gekkota, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Burton's Snake-lizard, Burton's Legless Lizard
G: Burtons Spitzkopf-Flossenfuß 
SynonymLialis burtonis GRAY 1835: 134
Lialis Burtonii — DUMÉRIL & BIBRON 1839: 831
Lialis bicatenata GRAY 1842
Lialis punctulata GRAY 1842
Ophiophthalmus FITZINGER 1843 (nom. subst. pro Lialis)
Lialis leptorhyncha PETERS 1873: 605
Lialis punctulata var. concolor PETERS 1873: 606
Lialis burtonii — BOULENGER 1885: 247
Lialis burtonii — LUCAS & FROST 1894: 41
Lialis burtoni — WANDOLLECK 1911
Lialis burtoni [sic] — DE ROOIJ 1915: 63
Lialis burtonii — GLAUERT 1956
Lialis burtonii — KLUGE 1974: 128
Lialis burtonis — RÖSLER 1995: 88
Lialis burtonis — COGGER 2000: 294
Lialis burtonis — WILSON & SWAN 2010
Lialis burtonis — LIVIGNI 2013: 265 
DistributionAustralia (New South Wales, Northern Territory, Queensland, South Australia, Victoria, Western Australia),
Indonesia (Aru Islands and S Irian Jaya; E. COLIJN, pers. comm.)

Type locality: Round Hill Fauna Reserve, between Lake Cargelligo and Mt. Hope, in 32° 58’ S, 146° 10’ E, N. S. W.; original type locality N. S. W. (as Nova Cambria Australi).  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesNeotype: AMS (AM) R27914, designated by Kluge (1974).
Syntypes: ZMB 5585 [Lialis leptorhyncha PETERS 1873]
Syntypes: ZMB 5323 [Lialis punctulata var. concolor PETERS 1873] 
DiagnosisDIAGNOSIS (genus): Lialis differs from all other pygopodid genera in possessing the following combination of character states: a) snout extremely long and pointed, b) head covered with many small scales, large plates absent, c) external auditory meatus present, d) body scales smooth, e) more than 17 midbody scale rows, f) preanal pores present, g) usually one hind limb scale (Kluge 1974: 128). 
CommentSynonymy after COGGER 1983. Extremely variable species.

Limb morphology: Limbless.

Type species: Lialis burtonis GRAY 1835 is the type species of the genus Lialis GRAY 1835, which is the type genus of the family Lialisidae GRAY 1841 (now a synonym of Pygopodidae). 
EtymologyNamed after Major Edward Burton (1790-1867), an army surgeon stationed at Chatham, England (1829-1837). He wrote A Catalogue of the Collection of Mammalia and Birds in the Museum at Fort Pitt, Chatham (1838).  
References
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  • Boulenger, G.A. 1885. Catalogue of the lizards in the British Museum (Nat. Hist.) I. Geckonidae, Eublepharidae, Uroplatidae, Pygopodidae, Agamidae. London: 450 pp. - get paper here
  • Bradshaw, S.D., C. Gans & H. Saint-Girons 1980. Behavioural thermoregulation in a pygopodid lizard, Lialis burtonis Copeia 1980 (4): 738-743. - get paper here
  • Burt, Charles E.; Burt, May Danheim 1932. Herpetological results of the Whitney South Sea Expedition. VI. Pacific island amphibians and reptiles in the collection of the American Museum of Natural History. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. 63 (5): 461-597 - get paper here
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  • Gray, J. E. 1842. Description of some hitherto unrecorded species of Australian reptiles and batrachians. Zoological Miscellany 2: 51—57 (London: Treuttel, Würtz & Co) - get paper here
  • Gray, J.E. 1834. Characters of a new genus of reptiles (Lialis) from New South Wales. Proc. Zool. Soc. London 1834: 134—135. - get paper here
  • Hallermann, J. 2020. An annotated list of reptiles and amphibians from the 1905 Hamburg expedition to southwest Australia deposited in the Zoological Museum Hamburg. Evolutionary Systematics 4: 61 - get paper here
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  • Kinghorn, J. Roy 1924. A short review of the lizards belonging to the genus Lialis Gray. Rec. Austral. Mus. 14 (3): 184-188 - get paper here
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  • Murray, B.A., S.D. Bradshaw & D.H. Edward 1991. Feeding Behavior and the Occurrence of Caudal Luring in Burton's Pygopodid Lialis burtonis (Sauria: Pygopodidae) Copeia 1991 (2): 509-516. - get paper here
  • Neill, W.T. 1957. Notes on the Pygopodid Lizards, Lialis burtoni and L. jicari. Copeia 1957 (3): 230-232 - get paper here
  • Peters, Wilhem Carl Hartwig 1873. Über eine neue Schildkrötenart, Cinosternon effeldtii und einige andere neue oder weniger bekannte Amphibien. Monatsber. königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin. 1873 (October): 603-618 - get paper here
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  • Rovatsos M. et al. 2016. Mixed-Up Sex Chromosomes: Identification of Sex Chromosomes in the X1X1X2X2/X1X2Y System of the Legless Lizards of the Genus Lialis (Squamata: Gekkota: Pygopodidae). Cytogenet Genome Res <br />(DOI:10.1159/000450734) - get paper here
  • Schlüter, U. 2004. Lialis burtonis GRAY 1835, Burtons Spitzkopf-Flossenfuß. Reptilia (Münster) 9 (47): 51-54 - get paper here
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  • Wandolleck, B. 1911. Die Amphibien und Reptilien der papuanischen Ausbeute Dr. Schlaginhaufens. Abh. Ber. Königlichen Zool. Anthropol.-Ethnol. Mus. Dresden (6): 1-15 - get paper here
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