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Liolaemus dorbignyi KOSLOWSKY, 1898

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Higher TaxaLiolaemidae, Iguania, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Dorbigny's Tree Iguana 
SynonymLiolaemus d’Orbignyi KOSLOWSKY 1898: 174
Liolaemus dorbignyi — PETERS & DONOSO-BARROS 1970
Liolaemus dorbignyi — DIRKSEN & DE LA RIVA 1999
Liolaemus (Eulaemus) dorbignyi — SCHULTE et al. 2000
Liolaemus dorbignyi — ABDALA et al. 2013 
DistributionNW Argentina (Catamarca), Bolivia

Type locality: Provincia de Catamarca, Argentina; restricted to restricted to the Sierra de Fiambalá by Quinteros et al. 2008  
ReproductionVivparous 
TypesLectotype: MLP (Mus. La Plata) S.057 (fide Quinteros, Abdala, and Lobo, Zootaxa, 1717: 52) 
DiagnosisDiagnosis—Liolaemus dorbignyi belongs the L. montanus group (Etheridge, 1995), because it has a blade-like process on posterior distal tibia, associated with a greatly hypertrophied M. tibialis anticus (Abdala, et al. 2006). Within this group, the presence of scales of equal size on the posterior face of the femur differen- tiates it from the L. boulengeri group (Abdala, 2007). Among the species that have not a patch of enlarged scales on the posterior face of the femur, L. dorbignyi is a robust and large sized Liolaemus (max SVL 98.3 mm) which distinguishes it from L. andinus Koslowsky, L. audituvelatus Núñez and Yáñez, L. disjunctus Laurent, L. eleodori Cei et al., L. erroneus Núñez and Yáñez, L. etheridgei Laurent, L. fabiani Yáñez and Núñez, L. famatinae Cei, L. fittkaui Laurent, L. griseus Laurent, L. huacahuasicus Laurent, L. insolitus Cei and Péfaur, L. islugensis Ortiz and Marquet, L. molinai Valladares et al., L. montanus Koslowsky, L. multi- color Koslowsky, L. ortizi Laurent, L. pantherinus Pellegrin, L. poconchilensis Valladares, L. poecilochromus Laurent, L. pulcherrimus Laurent, L. reichei Werner, L. rosenmanni Núñez and Navarro, L. ruibali Donoso- Barros, L. signifier Dumerill and Bibrón, and L. vallecurensis Pereyra, (max SVL 50–70 mm). Liolaemus dor- bignyi has flat dorsal scales, imbricate, and slightly keeled, character states that distinguish it from L. andinus, L. audituvelatus, L. erguetae Laurent, L. erroneus Núñez and Yáñez, L. forsteri Laurent, L. insolitus, L. islu- gensis, L. molinai, L. patriciaiturrae Navarro and Núñez, L. poecilochromus, L. robertoi Pincheira-Donoso and Núñez, L. rosenmanni, and L. schmidti Marx (smooth and juxtaposed dorsal scales). It may also be distin- guished from L. aymararum Veloso et al., L. disjunctus, L. etheridgei, L. fittkaui, L. huacahuasicus, L. monta- nus, L. ortizi, L. polystictus Laurent, L. stolzmanni Steindachner, L. thomasi Laurent, and L. williamsi Laurent, which have dorsal scales imbricate but strongly keeled. Liolaemus chlorostictus Laurent, L. jamesi Boulenger, L. orientalis Müller, L. poconchilensis, L. robustus Laurent, L. signifier, and L. stolzmanni, have weakly keeled but juxtaposed dorsal scales, characteristic that distinguishes it from L. dorbignyi. The number of scales around midbody in L. dorbignyi is 48 to 59, fewer than in L. andinus, L. disjunctus, L. duellmani Cei, L. eleodori, L. erguetae, L. foxi Núñez et al., L. islugensis, L. molinai, L. multicolor, L. nigriceps Philippi, L. patriciaiturrae, L. pleopholis Laurent, L. poecilochromus, L. pulcherrimus, L. robertoi, L. rosenmanni, L. ruibali, L. signifer, and L. vallecurensis, which have 64 to 110. Females of L. dorbignyi have precloacal pores, differing from following species in which females lack precloacal pores, L. andinus (Koslowsky, 1895), L. duellmani (Cei, 1986), L. fabiani (Pincheira-Donoso and Núñez, 2005), L. islugensis (Ortiz & Marquet, 1987), L. jamesi (Pincheira-Donoso and Núñez, 2005), L. melanogaster (Lurent, 1998), L. pantherinus ((Pincheira-Donoso and Núñez, 2005), L. puritamensis Núñez and Fox, L. robertoi, L. rosenmanni, L. signifer and L. stolzmanni (Pincheira-Donoso & Núñez, 2005), and L vallecurensis. The presence of precloacal pores in females could be problematic for the diagnosis, because some species are known for few specimens, but we used this character because the new species show a high percentage of females with precloacal pores and in all the samples (from different localities), at least one female exhibit pores. The dorsal color pattern is formed by dark bands transverse to the longitudinal body axis, and which searate the laterals and the ventral color, distin- guishing it from the others species of the L. montanus group [from QUINTEROS et al. 2008]. 
CommentSynonymy: Liolaemus dorbignyi has been split up into several species, including L. huayra, L. inti, L. scrocchii and L. vulcanus, hence the range of the original dorbignyi has shrunk significantly (see Nori et al. 2021: Fig. 1 for a map).Liolaemus puritamensis NUNEZ & FOX 1989 has been considered as a synonym of L. dorbignyi (e.g. NUNEZ 1992) but later revalidated.

Distribution: Map in Quinteros & Abdala 2011. Not in Chile or Bolivia (Potosí). Records for Chile are L. puritamensis and possibly L. scrocchi. Record for Bolivia are likely to be L. puritamensis or perhaps an undescribed species [pampa_isla, pers. comm., 28 March 2012, citing Quinteros et al. 2008]. 
EtymologyNamed after Alcide Dessalines d'Orbigny (1802-1857), French traveler and naturalist who lived in South America for 8 years (1826-1834). 
References
  • Abdala, C.S. 2007. Phylogeny of the boulengeri group (Iguania: Liolaemidae, Liolaemus) based on morphological and molecular characters. Zootaxa 1538: 1-84 - get paper here
  • Abdala, C.S.; S. Quinteros & R.E. Espinoza 2008. Two new species of Liolaemus (iguania: Liolaemidae) from the Puna of Northwestern Argentina. Herpetologica 64 (4): 458–471 - get paper here
  • Abdala, Cristian Simón; Marcos Maximiliano Paz & Romina Valeria Semhan 2013. Nuevo Liolaemus (Iguania: Liolaemidae) con novedoso carácter morfológico, de la frontera entre Argentina y Chile. Rev. Biol. Trop. 61 (4): 1563-1584 - get paper here
  • AVILA, LUCIANO JAVIER; LORENA ELIZABETH MARTINEZ & MARIANA MORANDO 2013. Checklist of lizards and amphisbaenians of Argentina: an update. Zootaxa 3616 (3): 201–238 - get paper here
  • Beolens, Bo; Michael Watkins, and Michael Grayson 2011. The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, USA - get paper here
  • Dirksen, L. & De la Riva, I. 1999. The lizards and amphisbaenians of Bolivia (Reptilia, Squamata): checklist, localities, and bibliography. Graellsia 55: 199-215 - get paper here
  • Koslowsky,J. 1898. Enumeración sistemática y distribución geográfica de los reptiles argentinos. Rev. Mus. La Plata 8: 161-200 - get paper here
  • Laurent, R. F. 1995. Sobre una pequeña colleción de lagartos del género Liolaemus (Tropiduridae) proviniente del extremo suroeste de Bolivia. Cuadernos de Herpetología 9 (1): 1-6. - get paper here
  • Nori, Javier; Romina Semhan, Cristian Simón Abdala, Octavio Rojas-Soto 2021. Filling Linnean shortfalls increases endemicity patterns: conservation and biogeographical implications for the extreme case of Liolaemus (Liolaemidae, Squamata) species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 194 92): 592–600 - get paper here
  • Nunez H; Fox S F 1989. Liolaemus puritamensis, a new species of iguanid lizard previously confused with Liolaemus multiformis (Squamata: Iguanidae). Copeia 1989 (2): 456-460 - get paper here
  • Núñez, H. and A. Veloso 2001. Distribución geográfica de las especies de lagartos de la región de Antofagasta, Chile. Bol. Mus. Nac.Hist. Nat. 50: 109-120
  • Quinteros, A.S.; Abdala, C.S. 2007. Liolaemus puritamensis Núñez y Fox, 1989 (Iguania: Liolaemidae). Cuadernos de Herpetología 21:117 - get paper here
  • QUINTEROS, ANDRÉS SEBASTIÁN & CRISTIAN SIMÓN ABDALA 2011. A new species of Liolaemus of the Liolaemus montanus section (Iguania: Liolaemidae) from Northwestern Argentina. Zootaxa 2789: 35–48 - get paper here
  • Ramírez Leyton, G. & Pincheira Donoso, D. 2005. Fauna del Altiplano y Desierto de Atacama. Phrynosaura Ediciones, 395 pp.
  • SCHULTE II, JAMES A.; J. ROBERT MACEY, ROBERT E. ESPINOZA AND ALLAN LARSON 2000. Phylogenetic relationships in the iguanid lizard genus Liolaemus: multiple origins of viviparous reproduction and evidence for recurring Andean vicariance and dispersal. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 69: 75–102 - get paper here
  • Tulli, M.J.; F.B. Cruz, A. Herrel, B. Vanhooydonck, V. Abdala 2009. The interplay between claw morphology and microhabitat use in neotropical iguanian lizards. Zoology 112 (5): 379-392 - get paper here
  • VALLADARES, J. PABLO; RICHARD ETHERIDGE, JAMES SCHULTE II, GERMAN MANRIQUEZ & ANGEL SPOTORNO 2002. Nueva especie de lagartija del norte de Chile, Liolaemus molinai (Reptilia: Liolaeminae). Revista Chilena de Historia Natural 75: 473-489 - get paper here
  • Valladares, J.F. 2004. NUEVA ESPECIE DE LAGARTO DEL GÉNERO LIOLAEMUS (REPTILIA: LIOLAEMIDAE) DEL NORTE DE CHILE, PREVIAMENTE CONFUNDIDO CON LIOLAEMUS (= PHRYNOSAURA) REICHEI. Cuadernos de Herpetología 18 (1): 43-53 - get paper here
 
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