Liolaemus fitzingerii (DUMÉRIL & BIBRON, 1837)
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Liolaemus fitzingerii
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| Higher Taxa | Liolaemidae, Iguania, Sauria, Squamata (lizards) |
| Subspecies | |
| Common Names | E: Fitzinger's Tree Iguana |
| Synonym | Proctotretus fitzingerii DUMÉRIL & BIBRON 1837: 286 Proctotretus Fitzingerii — DUMÉRIL, BIBRON & DUMÉRIL 1854: 269 Eulaemus affinis GIRARD 1858: 366 Proctotretus fitzingerii — COPE 1878: 36 Liolaemus fitzingeri — BOULENGER 1885: 150 Liolaemus melanops BURMEISTER 1888: 252 Liolaemus fitzingeri — DONOSO-BARROS 1966: 293 Liolaemus fitzingerii — PETERS & DONOSO-BARROS 1970: 182 Liolaemus fitzingerii fitzingerii — CEI & SCOLARO 1977: 225 Liolaemus fitzingerii — ETHERIDGE 2000 Liolaemus (Eulaemus) fitzingerii — SCHULTE et al. 2000 Liolaemus fitzingerii — PINCHEIRA-DONOSO & NÚÑEZ 2005: 95 Liolaemus fitzingerii — AVILA et al. 2006 Liolaemus sp. 9 — ABDALA 2007 Liolaemus fitzingerii — AVILA et al. 2008 Liolaemus cf. fitzingerii — SCROCCHI et al. 2010: 93 Liolaemus fitzingerii — ABDALA et al. 2012 Liolaemus camarones ABDALA, DÍAZ-GÓMEZ & JUAREZ-HEREDIA 2012: 44 Liolaemus camarones — GRUMMER et al. 2018 Liolaemus fitzingerii — GRUMMER et al. 2018 |
| Distribution | Chile, Argentina (Patagonia, Chubut, Santa Cruz, Rio Negro) Type locality: Puerto Deseado, Santa Cruz Province, Argentina. Erroneously given as “Chile” by Bibron and Duméril (1837). camarones: Argentina (Chubut); Type locality: Beach 3 km south of Camarones, Bahia Camarones, Florentino Ameghino Department, Chubut Province, Argentina |
| Reproduction | Oviparous.<br /><br />Hybridization: L. melanops and L. xanthoviridis each hybridize with L. shehuen and L. fitzingerii (Grummer et al. 2021). |
| Types | Lectotype: MNHN-RA 2504 (Cei 1980) Holotype: FML 23301. Adult male. Collected by C. S. Abdala, J. S. Abdala and E. Malovini. January 22 2002. (Figs. 9–10);Paratypes.― FML 23302-23308. Seven individuals, 5 males, 2 females. Same data as holotype. FML 24140-144. 5 individuals, 3 males, 2 females. Beach 1 km south of Camarones, road to Elola beach, Bahía Camarones, Florentino Ameghino Department, Chubut Province, Argentina. S 44° 48 ́ 33.0 ́ ́ W 69° 44 ́8.9 ́ ́. Collected by C. S. Abdala, F. Cruz, G. Perotti and R. Semhan. December 18 2009 [camarones] |
| Diagnosis | Diagnosis (camarones): Liolaemus camarones sp. nov. belongs to the Liolaemus boulengeri group, which is characterized by having a patch of enlarged scales on the posterior medial surface of the thigh (Etheridge 1995; Abdala 2007) and a hypertrophy of the flexor tibialis internus muscle (Abdala et al. 2006). It differs from the species of the Liolaemus anomalus group (Table 2) reported in Abdala (2007), in having tail long relative to body length, head proportionally longer than wide, palpebral ‘comb’ not developed, and more precloacal pores in males and females. It differs from the species of the L. darwinii (Table 2) in having posterior teeth with expanded crowns and different body proportions, and in lacking a transversal black line on the eye. It differs from the species of the L. wiegmannii group (Table 2) in having a row of lorilabial scales (never two or three) and four scales in contact with mental (six in the L. wiegmannii group). L. camarones sp. nov. differs from L. boulengeri, L. donosobarrosi, L. goetschi, L. hermannunezi, L. inacayali, L. josei, L. loboi, L. martorii, L. rothi, L. sagei, L. senguer, L. tehuelche, and L. telsen in having an evident black antehumeral arch, which is lacking in the aforementioned species. It differs from all the species from the L. telsen group, except L. rothi and L. sagei, in having longer snout-vent length (max SVL 95.6 mm vs. 62.3–77.1 mm). It differs from L. mapuche in having four scales in contact with mental (four to six in L. mapuche) and more marked ventral melanism. It differs from L. cuyanus in having four scales in contact with mental (six in L. cuyanus) and more marked ventral melanism. |
| Comment | Synonymy after PETERS & OREJAS-MIRANDA 1970 and MINOLI et al. 2014 who synonymized camarones with fitzingeri despite the fact that the species appears quite different from fitzingeri and shehuen on the trees in Abdala et al. 2012: 36f). Unfortunately they don’t say how these trees were constructed in the figure legends. Charles Darwin collected 3 varieties (A, B, C) of Proctotretus fitzingeri. Variety A was synonymized with Liolaemus fitzingerii melanops (Burmeister, 1888) and L. signifer (Dumeril and Bibron, 1837), variety B was synonymized with Liolaemus fitzingerii fitzingerii (Duméril and Bibron, 1837) and L. kingii (Bell, 1843), while variety C was considered as the original holotype (Cei 1980) of Liolaemus fitzingerii fitzingerii with Puerto Deseado (Santa Cruz, Argentina) as the type locality (I. Minoli, pers. comm., 22 Apr 2016). Variation: L. fitzingeri is quite a variable species (see photos in Abdala et al. 2012: 50ff). See also Grummer et al. 2018. Types: Two of the syntypes of this species belong to Liolaemus fitzingerii melanops, and Liolaemus kingii (fide CEI 1980). NCBI taxon ID: 2137191 [camarones] |
| Etymology | Named after Leopold Josef Fitzinger (1802-1884), Austrian naturalist. L. camarones has been named after the Type locality. |
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