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Liopeltis tricolor (SCHLEGEL, 1837)

IUCN Red List - Liopeltis tricolor - Least Concern, LC

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Higher TaxaColubridae, Colubrinae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Malayan Ringneck
G: Dreifarbige Halsbandnatter 
SynonymHerpetodryas tricolor SCHLEGEL 1837: 187
Liopeltis tricolor — FITZINGER 1843
Cyclophis tricolor — GÜNTHER 1858
Ablabes baliodeiroides — BLEEKER 1858
Phragmitophis tricolor — GÜNTHER 1862
Cyclophis tricolor — STOLICZKA 1873: 122
Ablabes tricolor — BOULENGER 1890
Gongylosoma tricolor — SWORDER 1922
Ablabes tricolor — LIDTH DE JEUDE 1922: 246
Liopeltis tricolor — TAYLOR 1922: 162
Liopeltis tricolor — HENDRICKSON 1966: 67
Liopeltis tricolor — MANTHEY & GROSSMANN 1997: 360
Liopeltis tricolor — COX et al. 1998: 56
Liopeltis tricolor — NGUYEN et al. 2009
Liopeltis tricolor — WALLACH et al. 2014: 386
Liopeltis tricolor — MIRZA et al. 2024 
DistributionIndonesia (Bangka, Java, Nias, Riau Archipelago, Sumatra, Pulau We, Borneo);
Brunei Darussalam;
Malaysia (Malaya and East Malaysia);
Philippines (including Bubuan,Palawan);
Singapore;
Thailand, Vietnam

Type locality: Java, Indonesia  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesType: BMNH 1946.1.5.37 (and possibly additional specimens). 
DiagnosisDiagnosis (genus): small, slender snakes; head not distinct from the neck, body cylindrical, tail long, scales smooth in 15 rows throughout the body, ventrals rounded, subcaudals paired; eyes large, pupil round; hemipenis unforked, large spines present in proximal part of it; maxillary teeth small, equal, 20–22 on each side (Leviton 1964, Poyarkov et al. 2019). 
CommentType species: Herpetodryas tricolor SCHLEGEL 1837: 187 is the type species of the genus Liopeltis FITZINGER 1843.

Key: Poyarkov et al. 2019 provide a key to the species of Liopeltis.

Illustration: in CHAN-ARD et al. 2015, although the drawings of Gongylosoma longicauda and Liopeltis tricolor have been mixed up (fide PAUWELS & GRISMER 2015).

Similar species: records from Vietnam may be based on a misidentification of L. stoliczkae or another species (Hauser 2018).

Similar species: L. tiomanica; the population from Pulau Tioman has been redescribed as L. tiomanica by Som et al. 2020. 
EtymologyNamed after the 3 distinct colors of the species, although it’s not exactly brightly colored. 
References
  • Chan-ard, T., Parr, J.W.K. & Nabhitabhata, J. 2015. A field guide to the reptiles of Thailand. Oxford University Press, NY, 352 pp. [see book reviews by Pauwels & Grismer 2015 and Hikida 2015 for corrections] - get paper here
  • Cox, Merel J.; Van Dijk, Peter Paul; Jarujin Nabhitabhata & Thirakhupt,Kumthorn 1998. A Photographic Guide to Snakes and Other Reptiles of Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand. Ralph Curtis Publishing, 144 pp.
  • Das, I. 2012. A Naturalist's Guide to the Snakes of South-East Asia: Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Myanmar, Borneo, Sumatra, Java and Bali. Oxford J, ohn Beaufoy Publishing - get paper here
  • David,P. & Vogel, G. 1996. The snakes of Sumatra. An annotated checklist and key with natural history notes. Bücher Kreth, Frankfurt/M.
  • FIGUEROA, ALEX; MARTYN E.Y. LOW, KELVIN K.P. LIM 2023. Singapore’s herpetofauna: updated and annotated checklist, history, conservation, and distribution. Zootaxa 5287 (1): 001–378 - get paper here
  • Grismer, L.L. 2011. Amphibians and reptiles of the Seribuat Archipelago. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt, 239 pp.
  • Hendrickson,J.R. 1966. Observations on the fauna of Pulau Tioman and Pulau Tulai. 5. The Reptiles. Bull. Nat. Mus. Singapore 34: 53-71
  • KHOERUNISA, IRA; MIRZA D. KUSRINI, AND ANI MARDIASTUTI 2021. Diversity of snake rescued from residential areas in Greater Jakarta metropolitan area, Indonesia. Media Konservasi 26 (3): 231-238; DOI: 10.29244/medkon.26.3.231-238 - get paper here
  • Lang, Ruud de 2017. The Snakes of Java, Bali and Surrounding Islands. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, 435 pp. - get paper here
  • Lidth DE JEUDE, T.W. VAN 1922. Snakes from Sumatra. Zoologische Mededelingen 6: 239-253. - get paper here
  • Lim, K.K.P. & Ng, H.H. 1999. The terrestrial herpetofauna of Pulau Tioman, Peninsular Malaysia. Raffles Bull. Zool., Suppl. No. 6: 131-155 - get paper here
  • Manthey, U. & Grossmann, W. 1997. Amphibien & Reptilien Südostasiens. Natur und Tier Verlag (Münster), 512 pp. (ISBN 3-931587-12-6) - get paper here
  • Milto, Konstantin D.; Yury A. Lukin 2020. A Revised Herpetofauna of Ujung Kulon National Park, West Java, Indonesia. Russian Journal of Herpetology 27 (6): 353-368 - get paper here
  • Mirza, Z. A., Bhardwaj, V. K., Pal, S., Lalremsanga, H. T., Vogel, G., Campbell, P. D., & Patel, H. 2024. Phylogeny and systematics of the colubrid snake genera Liopeltis and Gongylosoma (Squamata: Colubridae) and description of a new Himalayan endemic genus and species. Scientific Reports, 14(1), 1-19 - get paper here
  • Nguyen, S.V., Ho, C.T. and Nguyen, T.Q. 2009. Herpetofauna of Vietnam. Chimaira, Frankfurt, 768 pp.
  • Orlov, N. L., S. A. Ryabov, N. Van Sang and N. Q. Truong 2003. New records and data on the poorly known snakes of Vietnam. Russ. J. Herpetol. 10: 217-240 - get paper here
  • Pauwels, Olivier S. G. and L. Lee Grismer. 2015. Book Review: A Field Guide to the Reptiles of Thailand. Herpetological Review 46 (3): 456-459 - get paper here
  • Poyarkov Jr, Nikolay A.; Tan Van Nguyen & Gernot Vogel 2019. A new species of the genus Liopeltis Fitzinger, 1843 from Vietnam (Squamata: Colubridae). Journal of Natural History, 53:27-28, 1647-1672 - get paper here
  • Rooijen, J. van & Myriam van Rooijen. 2007. The land snakes of the Santubong Peninsula, Sarawak, Borneo: A preliminary list of species with natural history notes. Russ. J. Herpetol. 14 (1):27-38 - get paper here
  • Schlegel, H. 1837. Essai sur la physionomie des serpens. Partie Descriptive. La Haye (J. Kips, J. HZ. et W. P. van Stockum), 606 S. + xvi - get paper here
  • SOM, HANNAH E.; L. LEE GRISMER, JESSE L. GRISMER, PERRY L. WOOD, JR., EVAN S. H. QUAH, RAFE M. BROWN, ARVIN C. DIESMOS, JEFFREY L. WEINELL & BRYAN L. STUART 2020. A new Liopeltis Fitzinger, 1843 (Squamata: Colubridae) from Pulau Tioman, Peninsular Malaysia. Zootaxa 4766 (3): 472–484 - get paper here
  • Stoliczka,F. 1873. Notes on some species of Malayan Amphibia and reptilia. J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal 42: 111-126 - get paper here
  • Stuebing, R.B. & INGER, R.F. 1999. A field guide to the snakes of Borneo. Natural history Publications (Borneo), Kota Kinabalu, 254 pp. [corrections in HR 31: 124]. - get paper here
  • Stuebing, R.B., Inger, R.F. & Lardner, B. 2014. A field guide to the snakes of Borneo, second edition. Natural history Publications (Borneo)
  • Taylor, E.H. 1922. The snakes of the Philippine Islands. Manila (Bureau of Printing or Science), Monograph 16: 312 pp. - get paper here
  • TEYNIÉ, ALEXANDRE; PATRICK DAVID, & ANNEMARIE OHLER 2010. Note on a collection of Amphibians and Reptiles from Western Sumatra (Indonesia), with the description of a new species of the genus Bufo. Zootaxa 2416: 1–43 - get paper here
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
  • Weinell, Jeffrey L.; Errol Hooper, Alan E. Leviton, Rafe M. Brown 2019. Illustrated Key to the Snakes of the Philippines. Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. (4) 66 (1): 1-49 - get paper here
 
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