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Liopholis multiscutata (MITCHELL & BEHRNDT, 1949)

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Higher TaxaScincidae, Egerniinae (Tiliquini), Scincoidea, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Southern Sand-skink, Heath Skink, Bull Skink 
SynonymEgernia whitii multiscutata MITCHELL & BEHRNDT 1949: 176
Egernia bos STORR 1960
Egernia bos — FORD 1963
Egernia multiscutata bos — STORR 1978: 180
Egernia multiscutata — COGGER 1983: 158
Egernia multiscutata bos — STORR et al. 1999
Egernia multiscutata — COGGER 2000: 468
Egernia multiscutata — COUPER et al. 2006: 380
Liopholis multiscutata — GARDNER et al. 2008
Liopholis multiscutata — WILSON & SWAN 2013: 330 
DistributionAustralia (South Australia: Kangaroo Island and Eyre and Yorke Peninsulas to coastal regions of S Western Australia, W Victoria, many offshore islands)

multiscutata: Greenly Island, South Australia.

bos: remainder of range.

Type locality: Greenly Is., S. A.  
ReproductionViviparous 
TypesHolotype: SAMA R2636
Holotype: WAM R10751, from Cheyne Beach, 32 mi E of Albany, W. A. [bos] 
Diagnosis 
CommentSynonymy after COGGER 1983.

Subspecies: DONNELLAN et al. (2002) rejected the recognition of subspecies based on genetic and morphological evidence.

Habitat: Obligate burrowing.

This species exhibit colour pattern polymorphism (Chapple et al. 2008). 
EtymologyPresumably named after the Latin multus (much) plus scutata (scaled), in referenc to the high number of midbody scales. (G. Shea, pers. comm., 9 Feb 2024) 
References
  • Brown, G. W., Robertson, P. and Fanson, B. 2020. Identifying a surrogate metric for monitoring the population status of a secretive habitat specialist, the heath skink Liopholis multiscutata, in south‐eastern Australia. Austral Ecology - get paper here
  • Brown, G.W., Robertson, P. and Fanson, B. 2019. Identifying a surrogate metric for monitoring the population status of a secretive habitat specialist, the heath skink Liopholis multiscutata, in south‐eastern Australia. Austral Ecology. doi:10.1111/aec.12848 - get paper here
  • Brown, Geoff W.; Peter Robertson and Ben G. Fanson 2018. Digging in: a review of the ecology and management of a threatened reptile with a small disjunct distribution – the heath skink, Liopholis multiscutata, in Victoria, south-eastern Australia. Pacific Conservation Biology - get paper here
  • Chapple, D. G., Hutchinson, M.N., Maryan, B., Plivelich M., Moore, J.A. and Keogh J.S. 2008. Evolution and maintenance of colour pattern polymorphism in Liopholis (Squamata : Scincidae). Australian Journal of Zoology 56: 103–115 - get paper here
  • CHAPPLE, DAVID G. and J. SCOTT KEOGH 2004. Parallel adaptive radiations in arid and temperate Australia: molecular phylogeography and systematics of the Egernia whitii (Lacertilia: Scincidae) species group. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 83: 157–173 - get paper here
  • Chapple, David G.; J. Scott Keogh and Mark N. Hutchinson 2004. Molecular phylogeography and systematics of the arid-zone members of the Egernia whitii (Lacertilia: Scincidae) species group. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 33 (3): 549-561 - get paper here
  • Cogger, H. G. 2014. Reptiles and Amphibians of Australia, 7th ed. CSIRO Publishing, xxx + 1033 pp. - get paper here
  • Cogger, H.G. 2000. Reptiles and Amphibians of Australia, 6th ed. Ralph Curtis Publishing, Sanibel Island, 808 pp.
  • Couper, P., Covacevich, J., Amey, A. & Baker, A. 2006. The genera of skinks (Family Scincidae) of Australia and its island territories: diversity, distribution and identification. in: Merrick, J.R., Archer, M., Hickey, G.M. & Lee, M.S.Y. (eds.). Evolution and Zoogeography of Australasian Vertebrates. Australian Scientific Publishing, Sydney, pp. 367-384
  • Donnellan,S.C.; Hutchinson M N., Dempsey, P. & Osborne, W.S. 2002. Systematics of the Egernia whitii species group (Lacertilia: Scincidae) in south-eastern Australia. Australian Journal of Zoology 50: 439-459 - get paper here
  • Ford, J. 1963. The Reptilian Fauna of the Islands between Dongara and Lancelin, Western Australia. Western Australian Naturalist 8 (6): 135-142 - get paper here
  • Gardner, M. G., Hugall, A. F., Donnellan, S. C., Hutchinson, M. N., and Foster, R. 2008. Molecular systematics of social skinks: phylogeny and taxonomy of the Egernia group (Reptilia: Scincidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 154 (4): 781-794 - get paper here
  • Mitchell, F. J. & Behrndt, A. C. 1949. Fauna and flora of the Greenly Islands. Part 1. Introductory narrative and vertebrate fauna. (Reptiles: 175-178). Rec. South Austral. Mus. 9: 167-179 - get paper here
  • Storr G M 1978. The genus Egernia (Lacertilia, Scincidae) in Western Australia. Rec. West. Aust. Mus. 6 (2): 147-187 - get paper here
  • Storr, G. M. 1960. Egernia bos, a new skink from the south coast of Western Australia. Western Australian Naturalist 7: 99-103 - get paper here
  • Storr, G. M. 1968. Revision of the Egernia whitei species-group (Lacertilia: Scincidae). J. R. Soc. West. Aust. 51: 51-62
  • Storr, G. M., Smith, L. A. & Johnstone, R. E. 1981. Lizards of Western Australia. I. Skinks. Perth: University of Western Australia Press and Western Australian Museum, 200 pp.
  • Storr, G. M.; L. A. Smith, and R. E. Johnstone 1999. Lizards of Western Australia. I. Skinks. Revised Edition. Western Australian Museum
  • Wilson, S. & Swan, G. 2010. A complete guide to reptiles of Australia, 3rd ed. Chatswood: New Holland, 558 pp.
 
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