Loxopholis caparensis (ESQUEDA, 2005)

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Higher Taxa	Gymnophthalmidae (Ecpleopodinae), Sauria, Gymnophthalmoidea, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies
Common Names
Synonym	Leposoma caparensis ESQUEDA 2005 Loxopholis caparensis — GOICOECHEA et al. 2016 Loxopholis caparensis — DIAGO-TORO et al. 2021
Distribution	Venezuela (Barinas), Colombia Type locality: Reserva Forestal de Caparo (07°28’14" N y 70°59’15" W), Municipio Andrés Eloy Blanco, Estado Barinas, Venezuela. 174 m elevation.
Reproduction	oviparous
Types	Holotype: ULABG 5486, adult male
Diagnosis
Comment	This species is included in this genus by possessing well developed limbs, with all digits bearing claws; nasals separated by frontonasal scale; lower eyelid with semitransparent disk; prefrontals and frontoparietals present; occipitals and postparietals absent; interparietal and parietals form a semicircular posterior margin. Likewise, it is separated from its congeners by the following combination of characters: ventral scales smooth in males and smooth to slightly keeled in females, imbricate, arranged in transverse and longitudinal rows; dorsal scales roughly rhomboid, keeled, mucronate, imbricate, arranged in transverse and oblique rows; gulars smooth in males, smooth or slightly keeled in females; supraciliars in direct contact with supraoculars; postoculars smooth; postocular dorsal scales enlarged; first postsupralabial reaches corners of the mouth and is sharply differentiated from the temporal scales. Males with immaculate red belly, immaculate cream in females. Distribution: For a map of localities see Marques-Souza et al. 2022.
Etymology	Named after the type locality.
References	DIAGO-TORO, MARÍA F.; DANIELA GARCÍA-COBOS, GIOVANNI D. BRIGANTE-LUNA & JUAN D. VÁSQUEZ-RESTREPO. 2021. Fantastic lizards and where to find them: cis-Andean microteiids (Squamata: Alopoglossidae & Gymnophthalmidae) from the Colombian Orinoquia and Amazonia. Zootaxa 5067 (3): 377–400. - get paper here Esqueda, L.F. 2005. Un nuevo Leposoma (Squamata:Gymnophthalmidae) de la reserva forestal de Caparo, Estado Barinas, Venezuela. Herpetotropicos 2 (1): 33-42 - get paper here Goicoechea, N., Frost, D. R., De la Riva, I., Pellegrino, K. C. M., Sites, J., Rodrigues, M. T. and Padial, J. M. 2016. Molecular systematics of teioid lizards (Teioidea/Gymnophthalmoidea: Squamata) based on the analysis of 48 loci under tree-alignment and similarity-alignment. Cladistics, doi: 10.1111/cla.12150 - get paper here Marques-Souza, S., Pellegrino, K. C. M., Brunes, T. O., Rojas-Runjaic, F. J., & Rodrigues, M. T. 2022. A molecular perspective on the systematics and distribution of Loxopholis lizards in South and Central America, with advances on the biogeography of the tribe Ecpleopodini (Gymnophthalmidae: Squamata). Systematics and Biodiversity, 20(1), 2119295 - get paper here RIVAS, GILSON A.; CÉSAR R. MOLINA, GABRIEL N. UGUETO, TITO R. BARROS, CÉSAR L. BAR- RIO-AMORÓS & PHILIPPE J. R. KOK 2012. Reptiles of Venezuela: an updated and commented checklist. Zootaxa 3211: 1–64 - get paper here RODRIGUES, MIGUEL TREFAUT; MAURO TEIXEIRA JR., RENATO SOUSA RECODER, FRANCISCO DAL VECHIO, ROBERTA DAMASCENO & KATIA CRISTINA MACHADO PELLEGRINO 2013. A new species of Leposoma (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae) with four fingers from the Atlantic Forest central corridor in Bahia, Brazil. Zootaxa 3635 (4): 459–475 - get paper here Sánchez-Pacheco, S. J., J. V. Rueda-Almonacid, J. R. Caicedo-Portilla & S. M. Souza 2016. First record of Leposoma caparensis from Colombia, with confirmation for the presence of Ptychoglossus myersi and P. plicatus (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae). Salamandra 52 (1): 53-57 - get paper here
External links	IUCN Red List National Center for Biotechnology Information http://www.herpetotropicos.com/english/publications/vol2/2(1)/Art.%202… Google images

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