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Lycodryas gaimardi (SCHLEGEL, 1837)

IUCN Red List - Lycodryas gaimardi - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaPseudoxyrhophiidae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common Names 
SynonymDipsas gaimardii SCHLEGEL 1837: 293
Heterurus gaimardii — DUMÉRIL & BIBRON 1854: 1175
Heterurus gaimardii — GÜNTHER 1859: 228
Dipsas (Heterurus) gaimardii — STEINDACHNER 1891: 297
Stenophis gaimardi — GLAW & VENCES 1994: 342
Stenophis gaimardi carleti DOMERGUE 1995
Stenophis carleti — CADLE 2009
Stenophis cf. gaimardi — D’CRUZE et al. 2009
Lycodryas gaimardi — GEHRING et al. 2010
Lycodryas gaimardi — NAGY et al. 2010
Lycodryas carleti — NAGY et al. 2010
Stenophis carleti — WALLACH et al. 2014: 674
Stenophis gaimardii — WALLACH et al. 2014: 674
Lycodryas gaimardi — BURBRINK et al. 2019 
DistributionMadagascar (Maroantsetra)

Type locality: Madagascar

carleti: Madagascar; Type locality: vallée de la Haute Mananono, rivière de Ia Côte Est., région de Manakara.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: MNHN-RA 3868
Holotype: MNHN-RA 1988.321, male, 12 Oct. 1968. Leg. CARLET; paratype: MNHN 1988.322 [carleti] 
DiagnosisUnfortunately we had to temporarily remove additional information as this was scraped by multiple AI companies who sell that data to their customers. These details, e.g. detailed descriptions or comparisons (about 1196 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentDistribution: Records from Comoro are doubtful (WALLACH & GLAW 2009) and represent L. maculatus comorensis (previously L. gaimardi comorensis).

Type species: Dipsas gaimardii SCHLEGEL 1837 is the type species of the genus Stenophis BOULENGER 1896.

Synonymy: NAGY et al.2010 synonymized Stenophis with Lycodryas. Burbrink et al. 2019 consider Lycodryas carleti as a junior synonym of L. gaimardi, primarily based on low genetic differentiation.

Habitat: fully arboreal (Harrington et al. 2018). 
Etymologynamed after the collectors of the types, Quoix & Gaimard.

L. carleti was named after the collector of the type, M. Carlet. 
References
  • Andreone F., Randrianirina J., Jenkins P.D. & Aprea G. 2000. Species diversity of Amphibia, Reptilia and Lipotyphla (Mammalia) at Ambolokopatrika, a rainforest between the Anjanaharibe-Sud and Marojejy massifs, NE Madagascar. Biodiversity and Conservation 9: 1587–1622 - get paper here
  • Beolens, Bo; Michael Watkins, and Michael Grayson 2011. The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, USA - get paper here
  • Burbrink, Frank T; Sara Ruane, Arianna Kuhn, Nirhy Rabibisoa, Bernard Randriamahatantsoa, Achille P Raselimanana, Mamy S M Andrianarimalala, John E Cadle, Alan R Lemmon, Emily Moriarty Lemmon, Ronald A Nussbaum, Leonard Jones, Richard Pearson, Christ 2019. The origins and diversification of the exceptionally rich gemsnakes (Colubroidea: Lamprophiidae: Pseudoxyrhophiinae) in Madagascar. Systematic Biology, syz026 - get paper here
  • Cadle, John E. 2009. Sexual Dimorphism and Reproductive Biology in the Malagasy Snake Genus Liopholidophis (Lamprophiidae: Pseudoxyrhophiinae) Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. 60 (15): 461–502
  • D'Cruze, Neil; Annette Olsonn, David Henson, Sunil Kumar, and David Emmett. 2009. The Amphibians and Reptiles of the Lower Onilahy River Valley, a Temporary Protected Area in Southwest Madagascar. Herp. Cons. Biol. 4: 62-79 - get paper here
  • Domergue, C. A. 1995. Serpents de Madagascar: Note liminaire sur des espèces nouvelles du genre Stenophis Boulenger, 1896 (Colubridae: Boiginae). Archives de l'Institut Pasteur de Madagascar 61 (2): 121-122 [1994]
  • Duméril, A. M. C., Bibron, G. & DUMÉRIL, A. H. A., 1854. Erpétologie générale ou histoire naturelle complète des reptiles. Tome septième. Deuxième partie, comprenant l'histoire des serpents venimeux. Paris, Librairie Encyclopédique de Roret: i-xii + 781-1536 - get paper here
  • Glaw ,F. & Vences, M. 1994. A Fieldguide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of Madagascar. Vences & Glaw Verlag, Köln (ISBN 3-929449-01-3)
  • Guibé, J. & Roux-Estève, R. 1972. Les types de Schlegel (Ophidiens) présents dans les collections du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris. Zoologische Mededelingen 47: 129-134 - get paper here
  • Günther,A. 1859. On the geographical distribution of reptiles. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (3) 3: 221-237 - get paper here
  • Harrington, Sean M; Jordyn M de Haan, Lindsey Shapiro, Sara Ruane 2018. Habits and characteristics of arboreal snakes worldwide: arboreality constrains body size but does not affect lineage diversification. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 125 (1): 61–71 - get paper here
  • Hyde Roberts, S., Sannolo, M., Longosoa, H. T., Clark, R., Jhaveri, L., Rosa, G. M., ... & Crottini, A. 2025. A littoral treasure trove: a comprehensive assessment of the herpetofauna of Sainte Luce, southeastern Madagascar. Systematics and Biodiversity 23(1): 2513472 - get paper here
  • Nagy, Z. T., Glaw, F. & Vences, M. 2010. Systematics of the snake genera Stenophis and Lycodryas from Madagascar and the Comoros. Zoologica Scripta 39, 426–435 - get paper here
  • Peters, Wilhem Carl Hartwig 1874. Über eine von Hrn. F. Pollen und van Dam auf Madagascar und anderen ostafrikanischen Inseln gemachte Sammlung von Amphibien. Monatsber. königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin. 1873 (December): 792-795 - get paper here
  • Prötzel, D. & J. Forster 2017. Masoala – Ein herpetologischer Reisebericht von den letzten Tieflandregenwäldern Madagaskars. Reptilia (Münster) 22 (127): 72-79 - get paper here
  • Schlegel, H. 1837. Essai sur la physionomie des serpens. Partie Descriptive. La Haye (J. Kips, J. HZ. et W. P. van Stockum), 606 S. + xvi - get paper here
  • Steindachner, F. 1891. Über einige neue und seltene Reptilien- und Amphibienarten. Sitzungsb. Ber. Kais. Akad. Wiss., Wien, Abt.1, 100 (6): 289-313, 2 plates - get paper here
  • Wallach, V. & Glaw, F. 2009. A new mid-altitude rainforest species of Typhlops (Serpentes: Typhlopidae) from Madagascar with notes on the taxonomic status of T. boettgeri Boulenger, T. microcephalus Werner, and T. capensis Rendahl. Zootaxa 2294: 23–38 - get paper here
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
 
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