Lycodryas gaimardi (SCHLEGEL, 1837)

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Higher Taxa	Pseudoxyrhophiidae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies
Common Names
Synonym	Dipsas gaimardii SCHLEGEL 1837: 293 Heterurus gaimardii — DUMÉRIL & BIBRON 1854: 1175 Heterurus gaimardii — GÜNTHER 1859: 228 Stenophis gaimardi — GLAW & VENCES 1994: 342 Stenophis gaimardi carleti DOMERGUE 1995 Stenophis carleti — CADLE 2009 Stenophis cf. gaimardi — D’CRUZE et al. 2009 Lycodryas gaimardi — GEHRING et al. 2010 Lycodryas gaimardi — NAGY et al. 2010 Lycodryas carleti — NAGY et al. 2010 Stenophis carleti — WALLACH et al. 2014: 674 Stenophis gaimardii — WALLACH et al. 2014: 674 Lycodryas gaimardi — BURBRINK et al. 2019
Distribution	Madagascar (Maroantsetra) Type locality: Madagascar carleti: Madagascar; Type locality: vallée de la Haute Mananono, rivière de Ia Côte Est., région de Manakara.
Reproduction	oviparous
Types	Holotype: MNHN-RA 3868 Holotype: MNHN-RA 1988.321, male, 12 Oct. 1968. Leg. CARLET; paratype: MNHN 1988.322 [carleti]
Diagnosis	Additional details, e.g. a detailed description or comparisons (1144 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details.
Comment	Distribution: Records from Comoro are doubtful (WALLACH & GLAW 2009) and represent L. maculatus comorensis (previously L. gaimardi comorensis). Type species: Dipsas gaimardii SCHLEGEL 1837 is the type species of the genus Stenophis BOULENGER 1896. Synonymy: NAGY et al.2010 synonymized Stenophis with Lycodryas. Burbrink et al. 2019 consider Lycodryas carleti as a junior synonym of L. gaimardi, primarily based on low genetic differentiation. Habitat: fully arboreal (Harrington et al. 2018). Habitat: fully arboreal (Harrington et al. 2018).
Etymology	named after the collectosr of the types, Quoix & Gaimard. L. carleti was named after the collector of the type, M. Carlet.
References	Andreone F., Randrianirina J., Jenkins P.D. & Aprea G. 2000. Species diversity of Amphibia, Reptilia and Lipotyphla (Mammalia) at Ambolokopatrika, a rainforest between the Anjanaharibe-Sud and Marojejy massifs, NE Madagascar. Biodiversity and Conservation 9: 1587–1622 - get paper here Beolens, Bo; Michael Watkins, and Michael Grayson 2011. The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, USA - get paper here Burbrink, Frank T; Sara Ruane, Arianna Kuhn, Nirhy Rabibisoa, Bernard Randriamahatantsoa, Achille P Raselimanana, Mamy S M Andrianarimalala, John E Cadle, Alan R Lemmon, Emily Moriarty Lemmon, Ronald A Nussbaum, Leonard Jones, Richard Pearson, Christ 2019. The origins and diversification of the exceptionally rich gemsnakes (Colubroidea: Lamprophiidae: Pseudoxyrhophiinae) in Madagascar. Systematic Biology, syz026 - get paper here Cadle, John E. 2009. Sexual Dimorphism and Reproductive Biology in the Malagasy Snake Genus Liopholidophis (Lamprophiidae: Pseudoxyrhophiinae) Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. 60 (15): 461–502 D'Cruze, Neil; Annette Olsonn, David Henson, Sunil Kumar, and David Emmett. 2009. The Amphibians and Reptiles of the Lower Onilahy River Valley, a Temporary Protected Area in Southwest Madagascar. Herp. Cons. Biol. 4: 62-79 - get paper here Domergue, C. A. 1995. Serpents de Madagascar: Note liminaire sur des espèces nouvelles du genre Stenophis Boulenger, 1896 (Colubridae: Boiginae). Archives de l'Institut Pasteur de Madagascar 61 (2): 121-122 [1994] Duméril, A. M. C., Bibron, G. & DUMÉRIL, A. H. A., 1854. Erpétologie générale ou histoire naturelle complète des reptiles. Tome septième. Deuxième partie, comprenant l'histoire des serpents venimeux. Paris, Librairie Encyclopédique de Roret: i-xii + 781-1536 - get paper here Glaw ,F. & Vences, M. 1994. A Fieldguide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of Madagascar. Vences & Glaw Verlag, Köln (ISBN 3-929449-01-3) Guibé, J. & Roux-Estève, R. 1972. Les types de Schlegel (Ophidiens) présents dans les collections du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris. Zoologische Mededelingen 47: 129-134 - get paper here Günther,A. 1859. On the geographical distribution of reptiles. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (3) 3: 221-237 - get paper here Harrington, Sean M; Jordyn M de Haan, Lindsey Shapiro, Sara Ruane 2018. Habits and characteristics of arboreal snakes worldwide: arboreality constrains body size but does not affect lineage diversification. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 125 (1): 61–71 - get paper here Nagy, Z. T., Glaw, F. & Vences, M. 2010. Systematics of the snake genera Stenophis and Lycodryas from Madagascar and the Comoros. Zoologica Scripta 39, 426–435 - get paper here Peters, Wilhem Carl Hartwig 1874. Über eine von Hrn. F. Pollen und van Dam auf Madagascar und anderen ostafrikanischen Inseln gemachte Sammlung von Amphibien. Monatsber. königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin. 1873 (December): 792-795 - get paper here Prötzel, D. & J. Forster 2017. Masoala – Ein herpetologischer Reisebericht von den letzten Tieflandregenwäldern Madagaskars. Reptilia (Münster) 22 (127): 72-79 - get paper here Schlegel, H. 1837. Essai sur la physionomie des serpens. Partie Descriptive. La Haye (J. Kips, J. HZ. et W. P. van Stockum), 606 S. + xvi - get paper here Wallach, V. & Glaw, F. 2009. A new mid-altitude rainforest species of Typhlops (Serpentes: Typhlopidae) from Madagascar with notes on the taxonomic status of T. boettgeri Boulenger, T. microcephalus Werner, and T. capensis Rendahl. Zootaxa 2294: 23–38 - get paper here Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
External links	IUCN Red List National Center for Biotechnology Information Google images

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