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Lygodactylus klugei (SMITH, MARTIN & SWAIN, 1977)

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Higher TaxaGekkonidae, Gekkota, Sauria, Squamata (lizards: geckos)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Kluge's Dwarf Gecko
Portuguese: Bribinha, Lagartixa-Anã, Osguinha 
SynonymVanzoia klugei SMITH, MARTIN & SWAIN 1977: 196
Lygodactylus klugei — BONS & PASTEUR 1977
Lygodactylus klugei — KLUGE 1993
Vanzoia klugei — RÖSLER 2000: 120
Lygodactylus klugei — BORGES-NOJOSA & CARAMASCHI 2003
Lygodactylus klugei — GIPPNER et al. 2021 
DistributionNE Brazil (Bahia, Ceará, Piauí, Rio Grande do Norte, Sergipe)

Type locality: Brasil, Pernambuco,, Carnaubeira  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: MZUSP 22531, an adult male (Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de Sao Paulo) 
DiagnosisDiagnosis (Vanzoia). A member of the family Gekkonidae and the subfamily Gekkoninae, having a spectacle rather than true eyelids but different from the latter group in having in males an escutcheon involving at least thinghs, and a well-developed series of 3-7 preanal pores; no femoral pores; no cloacal sacs or bones; vertebrae amphicelous; dorsal scales minute, equal, not imbricate, narrowly contacting each other between crevice areas occupied by minute granules; 55-68 dorsals around midbody, 17·22 ventrals, totals 77-86; ventrals smooth, imbricate,about 7x dorsals; ear tiny, 2x3 times as wide as external naris; pupil round; rostral with no semidivision: no ear or eye lobules; nostril pierced between nasorostral, postnasae and 1st supraIabial, not touching rostral; no enlarged tubercles on head. Tail cylindrical; when complete, with a terminal adhesive pad; lateral caudals not enlarged. Terminal phalanx on digits 2-5 very short, bearing 3 dorsal and 2 ventral lamellae, arising barely within margin of pad, in a slight notch; 1st digit minute, with minute claw but no pad; 4-5 lamellae on pads of digits 2-5, all deeply notched. Snout-vent lengths of adults 27-31 mm, tail 22-24.5 mm (Smith et al. 1977: 195). 
CommentType Species: Vanzoia klugei is the type species of the genus Vanzoia SMITH, MARTIN & SWAIN 1977.

South American Lygodactylus presumably resulted from a single trans-Atlantic dispersal event 29 Mya (Lanna et al. 2018).

Diet: a large percentage of the diet of this species consists of ants (Lucas et al. 2023). 
EtymologyNamed after Arnold Kluge in recognition of his contributions to Diplodactylus systematics.

The genus Vanzoia was named after Paulo E. Vanzolini, whose nickname was “Vanzo”. The genus name is masculine in gender. 
References
  • Andrade Lima, José Henrique de; Maria Eduarda de Araújo Almeida, Juliana Delfino de Sousa, Marcelo Nogueira de Carvalho Kokubum, Ânderson Brenner Pereira de Araújo, Daniel Cunha Passos 2022. Communal nesting and clutch characterization of Lygodactylus klugei (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from Brazilian semiarid region. Phyllomedusa 21(2): 75-82 - get paper here
  • Aximoff, I. and E. Felix 2017. Lygodactylus klugei (Kluge's Dwarf Gecko) Diet. Herpetological Review 48 (2): 439 - get paper here
  • Barbosa, Vanessa do Nascimento; Amaral, Jéssica Monique da Silva; Alcantara, Edivania do Nascimento Pereira; dos Santos, Ednilza Maranhão 2018. Herpetofauna de uma área de caatinga em Taquaritinga do Norte, agreste de Pernambuco, Brasil. Cuad. herpetol. 32 (2): 109-115 - get paper here
  • Beolens, Bo; Michael Watkins, and Michael Grayson 2011. The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, USA - get paper here
  • Bezerra, P. E. S., Santana, F. M., & de Moura, G. J. B. 2021. Sustainability assessment of a lizard assemblage in Pernambuco state, Brazil. Journal for Nature Conservation, 125957
  • Bons & PASTEUR 1977. C.R. Acad. Sci. paris 284: 2547
  • Borges-Nojosa, D. M. & Caramaschi, U. 2003. Composição e análise comparativa da diversidade e das afinidades biogeográficas dos lagartos e anfisbenídeos (Squamata) dos brejos nordestinos. In: I.R. Leal, M. Tabarelli & J.M.C. Silva (eds.). Ecologia e conservação da Caatinga, pp. 181-236. Editora Universitária, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brasil.
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  • CERÍACO, L. M., & PASSOS, P. 2023. Historical natural history collections allow the description of a new and presumably extinct species of dwarf gecko (Squamata: Gekkonidae: Lygodactylus Gray, 1864) from Fernando de Noronha Island, Brazil. An Acad Bras Cienc, 95(3), e20230222
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  • Freitas, Marco Antonio de; Arthur Diesel Abegg, Daniel da Silva Araújo, Hugo Estevam de Almeida Coelho, Weverton dos Santos Azevedo, Márcio Frazão Chaves, Geraldo Jorge Barbosa de Moura 2019. Herpetofauna of five "Brejos de Altitude" of the interior of the state of Pernambuco, Northeastern Brazil. Herpetology Notes 12: 591-602 - get paper here
  • GALDINO, C. A. B. ; Passos, D. C. ; Zanchi, D. S. ; BEZERRA, C. H. 2011. Lygodactylus klugei (NCN). Sexual dimorphism, habitat, diet. Herpetological Review 42: 275-276 - get paper here
  • Garda, A.A.; T.B. Costa; C.R. Santos-Silva; D.O. Mesquita; R.G. Faria; B.M. Conceição; I.R.S. Silva; A.S. Ferreira; S.M. Rocha; C.N.S. Palmeira; R. Rodrigues; S.F. Ferrari; S. Torquato. 2013. Herpetofauna of protected areas in the Caatinga I: Raso da Catarina Ecological Station (Bahia, Brazil). Check List 9 (2):405-414 - get paper here
  • Gippner, Sven, Scott L Travers, Mark D Scherz, Timothy J Colston, Mariana L Lyra, Ashwini V Mohan, Malte Multzsch, Stuart V. Nielsen, Loïs Rancilhac, Frank Glaw, Aaron M. Bauer, Miguel Vences 2021. A Comprehensive Phylogeny of Dwarf Geckos of the Genus Lygodactylus, with Insights into Their Systematics and Morphological Variation. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 107311 - get paper here
  • Gonçalves-Sousa, José Guilherme; Daniel Oliveira Mesquita & Robson Waldemar Ávila 2019. Structure of a Lizard Assemblage in a Semiarid Habitat of the Brazilian Caatinga. Herpetologica 75 (4): 301-314 - get paper here
  • Gonzalez R. C. et al. 2020. Lista dos Nomes Populares dos Répteis no Brasil – Primeira Versão. Herpetologia Brasileira 9 (2): 121 – 214 - get paper here
  • Hamdan, B.; D.P. Coelho; A.B. D’Angiolella; E.J.R. Dias; R.M. Lira-da-Silva. 2013. The Reptile Collection of the Museu de Zoologia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Brazil. Check List 9 (2):257-262 - get paper here
  • Lanna, F.M., Werneck, F.P., Gehara, M., Fonseca, E.M., Colli, G.R., Sites, J.W. Jr., Rodrigues, M.T., Garda, A.A. 2018. The evolutionary history of Lygodactylus lizards in the South American open diagonal. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution - get paper here
  • Lanna, Flávia M; Marcelo Gehara, Fernanda P Werneck, Emanuel M Fonseca, Guarino R Colli, Jack W Sites, Miguel T Rodrigues, Adrian A Garda, 2019. Dwarf geckos and giant rivers: the role of the São Francisco River in the evolution of Lygodactylus klugei (Squamata: Gekkonidae) in the semi-arid Caatinga of north-eastern Brazil. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 129: 88–98 - get paper here
  • LIMA RAMOS, ANTÔNIO RAFAEL; JOHN ALLYSON ANDRADE OLIVEIRA, MARGARIDA MARIA XAVIER DA SILVA, ROBSON VICTOR TAVARES & DIVA MARIA BORGES-NOJOSA. 2021. First record of tail bifurcation in Lygodactylus klugei (Smith, Martin & Swain, 1977) (Sauria: Gekkonidae), with comments on caudal adhesive pads. Biotemas 34 (4): 1–5. - get paper here
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  • Smith, H. M., R. L. Martin, and T. A. Swain. 1977. A new genus and two new species of South American geckos (Reptilia: Lacertilia). Pap. Avulsos Zool. 30: 195—213 - get paper here
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  • Teles, D A; De Morais Pinto, C L; De Araujo Filho, J A & Teixeira, A A M 2018. Lygodactylus klugei and Tropidurus cocorobensis Death feigning. Herpetological Review 49 (3): 537 - get paper here
  • Uchôa LR, Delfim FR, Mesquita DO, Colli GR, Garda AA, Guedes TB 2022. Lizards (Reptilia: Squamata) from the Caatinga, northeastern Brazil: Detailed and updated overview. Vertebrate Zoology 72: 599-659 - get paper here
  • Vitt, L. J. 1986. Reproductive tactics of sympatric gekkonid lizards with a comment on the evolutionary and ecological consequences of invariant clutch size. Copeia 1986 (3): 773-786 - get paper here
  • Vitt, L. J.;Ballinger, R. E. 1982. The adaptive significance of a complex caudal adaptation in the tropical gekkonid lizard Lygodactylus klugei. Canadian Journal of Zoology 60: 2582-2587 - get paper here
  • Vitt, L.J. 1983. Tail Loss in Lizards: the Significance of Foraging and Predator Escape Modes Herpetologica 39 (2): 151-162. - get paper here
 
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