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Manouria emys (SCHLEGEL & MÜLLER, 1844)

IUCN Red List - Manouria emys - Endangered, EN
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Higher TaxaTestudinidae, Testudinoidea, Testudines (turtles)
SubspeciesManouria emys emys (SCHLEGEL & MÜLLER 1844)
Manouria emys phayrei (BLYTH 1854) 
Common NamesE: Brown Tortoise
G: Braune hinterindische Landschildkröte 
SynonymTestudo emys SCHLEGEL & MÜLLER (in TEMMINCK) 1844
Testudo emydoides DUMÉRIL, BIBRON & DUMÉRIL 1851 (nom. subst.)
Manouria fusca GRAY 1854
Manouria fusca — GRAY 1855: 68
Teleopus luxatus LE CONTE 1854
Manouria fusca GRAY 1861: 215
Manouria emys — THEOBALD 1868: 10
Testudo emys — BOULENGER 1889
Testudo emys — BOULENGER 1893: 312
Testudo emys — DE ROOIJ 1915: 305
Testudo emys — MELL 1938
Geochelone emys — PRITCHARD 1967
Manouria emys — OBST 1985
Geochelone (Manouria) emys — ALDERTON 1988
Manouria emys — MANTHEY & GROSSMANN 1997: 457
Manouria emys — COX et al. 1998: 133
Manouria emys — TTWG 2014: 404
Manouria emys — TTWG 2021

Manouria emys phayrei (BLYTH 1854)
Testudo phayrei BLYTH 1853
Testudo (Scapia) falconeri GRAY 1869
Testudo nutapundi REIMANN 1979 (in NUTAPHAND 1979)
Geochelone nutapundi — NUTAPHAND 1979 (fide ERNST & BARBOUR 1989)
Manouria emys phayrei — BOUR 1998
Manouria emys phayrei — MURTHY 2010: 24
Manouria emys phayrei — TTWG 2021 
DistributionIndia (Assam, Nagaland), Bangladesh,
Myanmar (= Burma), Tailand and Malaysia,
Indonesia (Sumatra, Borneo)

emys: S Tahiland, Malaysia, Sumatra, Borneo; Type locality: Sumatra

phayrei: N/W Thailand to NE India; Type locality: Arakan; Tenasserim Provinces’.  
Reproductionoviparous. 
TypesLectotype: RMNH 3808 (HOOGMOED & CRUMLY, 1984).
Syntypes: ZSI 813 and 15492; Lectotype: Muséum de Calcutta; not located fide BOUR 1998, 2002 [phayrei] 
DiagnosisAdditional details, e.g. a detailed description or comparisons (4121 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentM. e. emys has separated pectoral scutes while M. e. phayrei has joined pectoral scutes.

Type species: Manouria fusca GRAY 1854 is the type species of the genus Manouria GRAY 1852: 1. 
EtymologyManouria emys phayrei has been named after Sir Arthur Purves Phayre (1812-1885), British army officer in India who became Commissioner of British Burma. 
References
  • Anderson,J. 1871. On Testudo Phayrei, Theob. & Dr. Gray. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (4) 8: 324-330 - get paper here
  • Bhupathy, S. 1994. The distribution of the Asian brown tortoise (Manouria emys) in India and the taxonomic status of subspecies. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 91 (1):147-148. - get paper here
  • Bhupathy, S., Ramesh Kumar, S., Paramanandham, J., Thirumalainathan, P. and Pranjit Kumar Sarma 2013. Conservation of reptiles in Nagaland, India. In: K. K. Singh et al. (editors), Bioresources and Traditional Knowledge of Northeast India, Mizo Post-Graduate Science Society, pp. 181-186
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  • Eggenschwiler, U. 2003. Manouria emys phayrei - Success at keeping and breeding the little-known Burmese Brwon Tortoise. Reptilia (GB) (29): 43-50 - get paper here
  • Eggenschwiler, U. 2005. Die Braune Landschildkröte Manouria emys phayrei (BLYTH 1853) - Haltung und Vermehrung einer recht wenig bekannten Schildkröte. Reptilia (Münster) 10 (53): 71-79 - get paper here
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  • Mo, Matthew 2020. Only in captivity? An interaction between two threatened chelonians, an Asian Giant Tortoise (Manouria emys) and a Malaysian Giant Turtle (Orlitia borneensis). IRCF Reptiles & Amphibians 27 (1): 89–90 - get paper here
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