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Micrurus annellatus PETERS, 1871

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Higher TaxaElapidae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
SubspeciesMicrurus annellatus annellatus (PETERS 1871)
Micrurus annellatus balzanii (BOULENGER 1898)
Micrurus annellatus bolivianus ROZE 1967 
Common NamesE: (Common) Annellated Coral Snake
E: Yungas coral snake [balzani]
E: Bolivian coral snake [bolivianus]
Portuguese: Cobra-Coral, Cobra-Coral-Anelada, Cobra-Coral-de-Anéis, Coral-Verdadeira 
SynonymMicrurus annellatus annellatus (PETERS 1871)
Elaps annellatus PETERS 1871: 402
Micrurus annellatus montanus SCHMIDT 1954
Micrurus annellatus annellatus — WELCH 1994: 79
Micrurus annellatus — LEHR 2002: 99
Micrurus annellatus — WALLACH et al. 2014: 442

Micrurus annellatus balzanii (BOULENGER 1898)
Elaps balzanii BOULENGER 1898: 130
Elaps regularis BOULENGER 1902: 402
Micrurus balzanii — SCHMIDT 1936
Micrurus balzani — SCHMIDT & WALKER 1943
Micrurus annellatus balzani — ROZE 1996: 143
Micrurus annellatus balzani — CAMPBELL & LAMAR 2004: 149

Micrurus annellatus bolivianus ROZE 1967
Micrurus annellatus bolivianus — ROZE 1996: 143
Micrurus annellatus balzani — CAMPBELL & LAMAR 2004: 149
Micrurus annellatus bolivianus — FEITOSA et al. 2014 
DistributionE Peru, Bolivia (Beni), W Brazil

annelatus: SE Peru

balzanii: Amazonian slopes of Madre de Dios, Peru and W Bolivia

bolivianus: C Bolivia; Type locality: Charobamba River, about 50 km NE Zudañez, Chuquisaca, Bolivia.

montanus: Type locality: Peru, Puno, about 10 km. north of Santo Domingo Mine, Camp 4; elevation about 2,000 meters.

Type locality: “Pozuzu” [Pasco Dep., Peru] [Elaps annelatus PETERS 1871]  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: ZMB 7185 (annelatus)
Holotype: ZMH R03025 (formerly no. 2706e), female, vend. H. ROLLE May 29, 1897 [bolivianus]
Holotype: FMH 40221 [montanus]
Holotype: MSNG 28874 [balzanii] 
DiagnosisAdditional details, e.g. a detailed description or comparisons (4856 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentVenomous!

Distribution: Not in Ecuador fide Torres-Carvajal et al. 2019: 299 ff). See map in Nogueira et al. 2019. 
EtymologyLatin annellatus comes from anellus meaning little ring, thus covered with little rings, alluding to many short bands on the body of this coral snake.
M. a. balzani was named after professor L. Balzan who collected the type to the Genoa Museum. 
References
  • Bernarde, P.S.; M.B. Souza; D.P.F. França; M.A.F. Freitas 2012. Micrurus annellatus annellatus (Peters, 1871) (Serpentes: Elapidae): Distribution extension in the state of Acre, northern Brazil. Check List 8(3):516-517 - get paper here
  • Boulenger, George A. 1902. Descriptions of new batrachians and reptiles from the Andes of Peru and Bolivia [Elaps regularis not assigned]. Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (7) 10 (59): 394-402 - get paper here
  • Boulenger,G.A. 1898. A list of the reptiles and batrachians collected by the late Prof. L. Balzan in Boliva. Ann. Mus. Civ. Storia Nat. Genova (2) 19: 128-133 - get paper here
  • Campbell, J.A. & Lamar, W.W. 1989. The Venomous Reptiles of Latin America. Comstock Publishing/Cornell University Press, Ithaca
  • CATENAZZI, A., LEHR, E. & VON MAY, R. 2013. The amphibians and reptiles of Manu National Park and its buffer zone, Amazon basin and eastern slopes of the Andes, Peru. Biota Neotropica 13 (4): 269-283
  • Crnobrna B, Santa-Cruz Farfan R, Gallegos C, López-Rojas JJ, Llanqui IB, Pisco GP, Arbaiza AK 2023. Herpetological records from the Abujao basin, central Peruvian Amazon. Check List 19(4): 433-465 - get paper here
  • Duellman, W. E. 2005. Cusco Amazónico: The Lives of Amphibians and Reptiles in an Amazonian Rainforest. Comstock Pub Assoc.
  • Duellman, W.E., & Salas, A.W. 1991. Annotated checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Cuzco Amazonico, Peru. Occas. Papers Mus. of Natur. Hist., Univ. of Kansas, Lawrence (143): 13 pp. - get paper here
  • Eversole, C. B., Powell, R. L., Rivas, L. R., & Lizarro, D. E. 2024. Reptile Biodiversity and Vulnerability in Bolivia’s Beni Department: Informing Conservation Priorities in a Neglected Frontier. Diversity, 16(6), 335 - get paper here
  • FEITOSA, DARLAN TAVARES; NELSON JORGE DA SILVA JR., MATHEUS GODOY PIRES, HUSSAM ZAHER & ANA LÚCIA DA COSTA PRUDENTE 2015. A new species of monadal coral snake of the genus Micrurus (Serpentes, Elapidae) from western Amazon. Zootaxa 3974 (4): 538–554
  • Freitas, M. A. de, Venancio, N. M., Abegg, A. D., Azevedo, W. S, Pereira, V. O., Zanotti, A. P., Veloso, A., Schwarzbach, L., Oliveira, A. G., da Silva, R. C. C., de Amorim, V. R. G. and de Moura, G. J. B. 2020. Herpetofauna at the Rio Acre Ecological Station, Amazon Rainforest, Brazil. Herpetology Notes 13: 33-48. - get paper here
  • Gonzalez R. C. et al. 2020. Lista dos Nomes Populares dos Répteis no Brasil – Primeira Versão. Herpetologia Brasileira 9 (2): 121 – 214 - get paper here
  • Harvey M. B., J. Aparicio E, and L. Gonzalez A. 2003. Revision of the venomous snakes of Bolivia: Part 1. The coralsnakes (Elapidae: Micrurus). Annals of the Carnegie Museum 72: 1-52 - get paper here
  • Lehr, E. 2002. Amphibien und Reptilien in Peru. Natur und Tier-Verlag (Münster), 208 pp. - get paper here
  • Lehr, E. & Lara, J. 2002. Die Schlangenfauna von Pozuzo (Peru) (Reptilia: Serpentes). Faun. Abh. Mus. Tierk. Dresden 22 (2): 353-359 - get paper here
  • Nogueira, Cristiano C.; Antonio J.S. Argôlo, Vanesa Arzamendia, Josué A. Azevedo, Fausto E. Barbo, Renato S. Bérnils, Bruna E. Bolochio, Marcio Borges-Martins, Marcela Brasil-Godinho, Henrique Braz, Marcus A. Buononato, Diego F. Cisneros-Heredia, 2019. Atlas of Brazilian snakes: verified point-locality maps to mitigate the Wallacean shortfall in a megadiverse snake fauna. South American J. Herp. 14 (Special Issue 1):1-274 - get paper here
  • Peters, Wilhem Carl Hartwig 1871. Über eine von Hrn. Dr. Robert Abendroth in dem Hochlande von Peru gemachte Sammlung von Amphibien, welche derselbe dem Königl. zoologischen Museum geschenkt hat. Monatsber. königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin. 1871 (August): 397-404 - get paper here
  • Rabosky, Daniel L.; Rudolf von May, Michael C. Grundler and Alison R. Davis Rabosky 2019. The Western Amazonian Richness Gradient for Squamate Reptiles: Are There Really Fewer Snakes and Lizards in Southwestern Amazonian Lowlands? Diversity 11: 199; doi:10.3390/d11100199 - get paper here
  • Roze, Jánis A 1967. A checklist of the New World venomous Coral Snakes (Elapidae), with descriptions of new forms. American Museum Novitates (2287): 1-60 - get paper here
  • Schmidt, Karl P. 1936. Preliminary account of coral snakes of South America. Zoological Series of Field Museum of Natural History 20 (19): 189-203 - get paper here
  • Schmidt, Karl P. 1954. The annellated coral snake Micrurus annellatus Peters. Fieldiana Zoology 34 (30): 319-325 - get paper here
  • Schmidt, Karl P. & Walker, Warren F. 1943. Peruvian snakes from the University of Arequipa. Zoological Series of Field Museum of Zoology 24 (26): 279-296 - get paper here
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
 
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