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Micrurus ibiboboca (MERREM, 1820)

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Higher TaxaElapidae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Ibiboboca, Caatinga Coral Snake
Portuguese: Cobra-Corá, Cobra-Coral, Cobra-de-Coral, Coral, Coral-Verdadeira, Ibiboboca 
SynonymElaps ibiboboca MERREM 1820: 142
Elaps marcgravii WIED-NEUWIED 1820
Elaps Marcgravi — BOETTGER 1885: 239
Elaps marcgravei — BOETTGER 1894: 119
Elaps marcgravei — KOSLOWSKY 1895: 369
Elaps marcgravii — WERNER 1901: 11
Elaps gravenhorstii BOULENGER 1896
Elaps macgravii BOULENGER 1896
Micrurus ibiboboca — AMARAL 1925
Micrurus lemniscatus ibiboboca — HOGE 1952
Micrurus ibiboca — MERTENS 1956: 546 (in error)
Micrurus ibiboboca — CAMPBELL & LAMAR 1989: 120
Micrurus ibiboboca — ROZE 1996: 183
Micrurus ibiboboca — LAMBERTZ 2010
Micrurus ibiboboca — WALLACH et al. 2014: 447
Micrurus ibiboboca — NOGUEIRA et al. 2019
Micrurus ibiboboca — NASCIMENTO et al. 2024: 12 
DistributionE Brazil (South of the Amazon, Bahia, Sergipe, S Ceará, Alagoas, Maranhão, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Piauí, Sergipe, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Norte, Minas Gerais).

Type locality: Brazil; emended to mouth of Río Belmonte, Bahia Province, Brazil fide Wied-Neuwied [currently known as Rio Jequitinhonha (15°51'38.0ʺS, 38°53'21.9ʺW)]
 
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: AMNH 3937, a male from "Brazil," obtained by Wied-Neuwied, later specified by Wied-Neuwied (1825) as "mouth of Rio Belmonte" (= State of Bahia, Brazil), currently known as Rio Jequitinhonha (15° 51’ 38.0ʺS, 38° 53’ 21.9ʺW) (Vanzolini & Myers, 2015; Silva et al., 2021, Roze, 1966b) 
DiagnosisAdditional details, e.g. a detailed description or comparisons (5469 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentVenomous!

Synonymy: Mertens 1956b used “ibiboca” as a group name in italics, although it is usually a vernacular local name.

Distribution: Not on the Guiana Shield according to MacCulloch & LATHROP (2004). Reports from Guiana and Suriname are based on misidentifications. See map in Nascimento et al. 2024 for an updated map after they have split off 3 populations as separate species. 
EtymologyIbiboboca is the indigenous name given to this species in Brazil; it is not of Portuguese origin. 
References
  • Amaral, A. 1925. Da invalidez da espécie de colubrídeo elapíneo Micrurus ibiboboca (Merrem) e redescrição de M. lemniscatus (L.). Revista do Museu Paulista 15: 29-40
  • Barbosa, Vanessa do Nascimento; Amaral, Jéssica Monique da Silva; Alcantara, Edivania do Nascimento Pereira; dos Santos, Ednilza Maranhão 2018. Herpetofauna de uma área de caatinga em Taquaritinga do Norte, agreste de Pernambuco, Brasil. Cuad. herpetol. 32 (2): 109-115 - get paper here
  • Boettger, O. 1885. Liste von Reptilien und Batrachiern aus Paraguay. Zeitschr. Naturw. 58 (3): 213-248 - get paper here
  • Boettger, O. 1894. Reptilien und Batrachier aus Bolivia. Zool. Anz. 17: 118-119 - get paper here
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  • Da Silva, C., Andrade, H. & Dias, E.J.R. 2017. Micrurus ibiboboca (Caatinga Coralsnake) Defensive behavior. Herpetological Review 48 (4): 862-863 - get paper here
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  • do Nascimento, M. C., Zaidan, A., Oliveira, A. M., & Costa, H. C. 2020. FIRST CONFIRMED RECORD OF THE VENOMOUS CORAL SNAKE MICRURUS IBIBOBOCA (SERPENTES, ELAPIDAE) IN MINAS GERAIS, BRAZIL. Oecologia Australis - get paper here
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  • MacCulloch, Ross D. and Amy Lathrop 2004. Micrurus ibiboboca (Serpentes, Elapidae) is not a Guiana Shield species. Phyllomedusa 3 (2): 141-144 - get paper here
  • Madella-Auricchio, Cláudia Renata; Paulo Auricchio Enio Saraiva Soares 2017. Reptile species composition in the Middle Gurguéia and comparison with inventories in the eastern Parnaíba River Basin, State of Piauí, Brazil. Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 57(28): 375-386, - get paper here
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  • Marques, R., M.S. Tinôco, D. Couto- Ferreira, C.P. Fazolato, H.C. Browne-Ribeiro, M.L.O. Travassos, M.A. Dias & J.V.L. Mota 2011. Reserva Imbassaí Restinga: inventory of snakes on the northern coast of Bahia, Brazil. Journal of Threatened Taxa 3 (11): 2184–2191 - get paper here
  • Merrem, B. 1820. Versuch eines Systems der Amphibien I (Tentamen Systematis Amphibiorum). J. C. Kriegeri, Marburg, 191 pp. - get paper here
  • Mertens, R. 1956. Das Problem der Mimikry bei Korallenschlangen. English Translation by Andrew Durso. SMITHSONIAN HERPETOLOGICAL INFORMATION SERVICE 160 (2023) - get paper here
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  • Mesquita, Daniel Oliveira; Brygida Alves, Carmem Pedro, Daniel Laranjeiras, Francis Caldas, Isabella Pedrosa, Jefter Rodrigues, Leandro Drummond, Lucas Cavalcanti, Milena Wachlevski, Paulo Nogueira-Costa, Rafaela França, Frederico França 2018. Herpetofauna in two habitat types (tabuleiros and Stational Semidecidual Forest) in the Reserva Biológica Guaribas, northeastern Brazil. Herpetology Notes 11: 455-474 - get paper here
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