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Micrurus diana ROZE, 1983

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Higher TaxaElapidae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Diana's Coral Snake
S: Coral Diana
Portuguese: Cobra-Coral, Coral, Coral-Verdadeira 
SynonymMicrurus frontalis diana ROZE 1983
Micrurus diana — ROZE 1994
Micrurus diana — ROZE 1996
Micrurus diana — DA SILVA & SITES 1999: 170
Micrurus diana — HARVEY et al. 2003: 10
Micrurus diana — WALLACH et al. 2014: 444
Micrurus diana — NOGUEIRA et al. 2019 
DistributionBolivia (Serrania de Santiago, Serrania Huanchaca), Brazil (W Mato Grosso)

Type locality: vicinity of Santiago, Provincia Chiquiticos, Departamento Santa Cruz, Bolivia, 700 meters elevation.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: FMNH 195889, a male, collected by Roy F. Steinbach, April 7 -20, 1973. 
DiagnosisDiagnosis. (1) Dorsal pattern of white, red, and black triads; (2) hemipenis and tail relatively short; (3) two supralabials entering orbit; (4) mental usually separated from chinshields by medial contact of first pair of infralabials; (5) anal scale usually divided; (6) first triad complete; (7) first triad contacting parietal tips; (8) parietals black with white edging; scales of snout either white with black edging or black with white edging (see remarks below); (9) scales of white rings edged in black and white rings with irregular black blotches; red rings nearly or completely immaculate; (10) white rings longest dorsally, constricted or broken ventrally by black rings; (11) chin mostly immaculate, red or red and white; (12) 9-11 triads on the body; (13) relative lengths of rings variable [HARVEY et al. 2003].

Diagnosis: Micrurus diana is a triadal coralsnake with a white snout, including the prefrontals, preoculars, anterior 3-4 supralabials (all black bordered or with irregular black markings) and the anterior 3 of the frontal and supraoculars. The head is black with the parietals showing very little reduction on the sides (Fig. 24). All temporals, posterior 3-4 supralabials are red (immaculate). Inferiorly, the chin is white from mental to anterior genials and 3 anterior infralabials. Some irregular black markings may be present, and the remainder is red. The first triad is always fused with the posterior end of the parietals (fixed character). The white rings are longer than the black ones which tend to be semiequal in length (Table 2). The white rings are mildly black-tipped, and the red rings are immaculate. Triads range from 10 to 11 (Table 1, from Silva & Sites 1999: 170). 
CommentVenomous! 
EtymologyAs the original description states: "Dedicated to' Diana, the goddess of forests, animals and moon who should be adored and invoked to protect the endangered nature, particularly animals." 
References
  • Beolens, Bo; Michael Watkins, and Michael Grayson 2011. The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, USA - get paper here
  • Da SILVA, N. J. JR. & J. W. JR. SITES 1999. Revision of the Micrurus frontalis complex (Serpentes: Elapidae). Herpetological Monographs 13: 142-194 - get paper here
  • Gonzalez R. C. et al. 2020. Lista dos Nomes Populares dos Répteis no Brasil – Primeira Versão. Herpetologia Brasileira 9 (2): 121 – 214 - get paper here
  • Harvey M. B., J. Aparicio E, and L. Gonzalez A. 2003. Revision of the venomous snakes of Bolivia: Part 1. The coralsnakes (Elapidae: Micrurus). Annals of the Carnegie Museum 72: 1-52 - get paper here
  • Harvey, M. B., APARICIO, J., CORTEZ, C., GONZÁLES, L., GUERRA, J. F., MONTAÑO, M. E. & PÉREZ, M. E. 1998. Reptile and amphibian species of Parque Nacional Noel Kempff Mercado. In: Killeen, T. J. & T. S. Schulenberg (eds). A biological assessment of Parque Nacional Noel Kempff Mercado, Bolivia. Conservation International Washington. Rap Working Papers 10: 348-355.
  • Nogueira, Cristiano C.; Antonio J.S. Argôlo, Vanesa Arzamendia, Josué A. Azevedo, Fausto E. Barbo, Renato S. Bérnils, Bruna E. Bolochio, Marcio Borges-Martins, Marcela Brasil-Godinho, Henrique Braz, Marcus A. Buononato, Diego F. Cisneros-Heredia, 2019. Atlas of Brazilian snakes: verified point-locality maps to mitigate the Wallacean shortfall in a megadiverse snake fauna. South American J. Herp. 14 (Special Issue 1):1-274 - get paper here
  • Pires, M.G.; D.T. Feitosa; A.L.C. Prudente; N.J. Silva Jr. 2013. First record of Micrurus diana Roze, 1983 (Serpentes: Elapidae) for Brazil and extension of its distribution in Bolivia, with notes on morphological variation. Check List 9 (6):1556-1560 - get paper here
  • Roze, J. A. 1983. New World coral snakes (Elapidae): a taxonomic and biological summary. Mem. Inst. Butantan 46: 305-338 [1982] - get paper here
  • Roze, J. A. 1996. Coral Snakes of the Americas. Krieger, Malabar, Florida
  • Roze, J.A. 1994. Notes on the taxonomy of venomous coral snakes (Elapidae) of South America. Bull. Maryland Herp. Soc. 30: 177-185. - get paper here
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
 
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