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Micrurus distans KENNICOTT, 1860

IUCN Red List - Micrurus distans - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaElapidae, Colubroidea, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes) 
SubspeciesMicrurus distans distans (KENNICOTT 1860)
Micrurus distans michoacanensis (DUGES 1891)
Micrurus distans oliveri ROZE 1967
Micrurus distans zweifeli ROZE 1967 
Common NamesWest Mexican Coral Snake 
SynonymMicrurus distans distans (KENNICOTT 1860)
Elaps distans KENNICOTT 1860
Elaps distans — COPE 1875: 11
Elaps fulvius var. distans — GARMAN 1884: 106
Micrurus diastema distans — SCHMIDT 1933: 39
Micrurus diastema distans — SCHMIDT & SMITH 1943
Micrurus distans distans — ZWEIFEL 1959
Micrurus distans distans — TANNER 1985: 661
Micrurus distans distans — LINER 1994
Micrurus distans distans — LINER 2007
Micrurus distans — WALLACH et al. 2014: 445

Micrurus distans michoacanensis (DUGES 1891)
Elaps diastema var. michoacanensis DUGES 1891
Micrurus diastema michoacanensis — SCHMIDT & SMITH 1943
Micrurus diastema michoacanensis — SCHMIDT 1947
Micrurus distans michoacanensis — ZWEIFEL 1959
Micrurus distans michoacanensis — LINER 1994
Micrurus distans michoacanensis — LINER 2007

Micrurus distans oliveri ROZE 1967
Micrurus distans oliveri — WELCH 1994: 81
Micrurus distans oliveri — LINER 2007

Micrurus distans zweifeli ROZE 1967
Micrurus distans zweifeli — WELCH 1994: 81
Micrurus distans zweifeli — LINER 2007 
Distributiondistans: Mexico (SW Chihuahua, S Sonora, Sinaloa, south to NW Nayarit); Type locality: Batosegachie, Chihuahua, Mexico.

michoacanensis: Mexico (Michoacan, Guerrero)

oliveri: Mexico (Colima, Jalisco); Type locality: Periquillo, Colima, Mexico.

zweifeli: Mexico (Nayarit, Jalisco, Aguascalientes [HR 31: 114]); Type locality: Laguna Santa Maria, Nayarit, Mexico, between elevations of 2,000 and 4,000 ft.  
Reproductionoviparous. 
TypesHolotype: USNM 1144, male
Holotype: MDUG Duges Museum, Mexico, lost fide ROZE 1996; neoype: MDUG HE 1, designated by Smith & Necker 1943 [michoacanensis]
Holotype: AMNH 12780, a male [oliveri]
Holotype: CAS 95769, a male [zweifeli] 
Diagnosis 
CommentVenomous! 
Etymology 
References
  • Campbell, J.A. 2000. A new species of venomous coral snake (Serpentes: Elapidae) from high desert in Puebla, Mexico. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 113 (1): 291-297 - get paper here
  • Campbell, J.A. & Lamar, W.W. 1989. The Venomous Reptiles of Latin America. Comstock Publishing/Cornell University Press, Ithaca
  • Cobarrubias, Edgar Flores; Daniel Cruz-Sáenz, and David Lazcano 2012. Notes on the Herpetofauna of Western Mexico 6: Amphibians and Reptiles of Hostotipaquillo, Jalisco, Mexico. Bull. Chicago Herp. Soc. 47 (2):21-26 - get paper here
  • Cope, E.D. 1875. The herpetology of Florida. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 1875: 10-11 - get paper here
  • Dugès,A.A.D. 1891. Elaps diastema var. michoacanensis A. Dug. Naturaleza, Mexico, Ser. 2, 1: 487 - get paper here
  • Dugès, A. 1896. Note sur l’Elaps michoacanensis. Bulletin du Muséum d’Histoire Naturelle, 44, 60–61
  • Enderson, Erik F.; Thomas R. Van Devender, Robert L. Bezy 2014. Amphibians and reptiles of Yécora, Sonora and the Madrean Tropical Zone of the Sierra Madre Occidental in northwestern Mexico. Check List 10 (4): 913-926 - get paper here
  • García, A. & Ceballos, G. 1994. GUIA DE CAMPO DE LOS REPTILES Y ANFIBIOS DE LA COSTA DE JALISCO, MEXICO. FUNDACION ECOLOGICA DE CUIXMALA, A.C. INSTITUTO DE BIOLOGIA, UNAM
  • GUO, PENG; FEI ZHU, QIN LIU, LIANG ZHANG, JIAN X. LI, YU Y. HUANG & R. ALEXANDER PYRON 2014. A taxonomic revision of the Asian keelback snakes, genus Amphiesma (Serpentes: Colubridae: Natricinae), with description of a new species. Zootaxa 3873 (4): 425–440 - get paper here
  • Hardy, L.M., & McDiarmid, R.W. 1969. The amphibians and reptiles of Sinaloa, Mexico. Univ. Kansas Publ. Mus. Nat. Hist. 18 (3): 39-252. - get paper here
  • Heimes, P. 2016. Snakes of Mexico. Chimaira, Frankfurt, 572 pp
  • Kennicott, R. 1860. Descriptions of new species of North American serpents in the museum of the Smithsonian Institution, Washington. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 12: 328-338 - get paper here
  • Liner, Ernest A. 2007. A CHECKLIST OF THE AMPHIBIANS AND REPTILES OF MEXICO. Louisiana State University Occasional Papers of the Museum of Natural Science 80: 1-60 - get paper here
  • Luja VH, López JA, Cruz-Elizalde R, Ramírez-Bautista A 2017. Herpetofauna inside and outside from a natural protected area: the case of Reserva Estatal de la Biósfera Sierra San Juan, Nayarit, Mexico. Nature Conservation 21: 15-38 - get paper here
  • McCranie, J.R. & Wilson, L.D. 2001. The herpetofauna of the Mexican State of Aguascalientes. Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg 230: 1-57
  • PALACIOS-AGUILAR, RICARDO & OSCAR FLORES-VILLELA 2018. An updated checklist of the herpetofauna from Guerrero, Mexico. Zootaxa 4422 (1): 1-24 - get paper here
  • Schmidt, K. E, & SMITH, H. M. 1943. Notes on coral snakes from México. Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Zool. Ser. 29: 25-31. - get paper here
  • Schmidt, K. P. 1933. Preliminary account of the coral snakes of Central America and Mexico. Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Zool. Ser. 20: 29-40. - get paper here
  • Schmidt, Karl P.;Shannon, Frederick A. 1947. Notes on amphibians and reptiles of Michoacan, Mexico. Zoological Series of Field Museum of Natural History 31 (9): 63-85
  • Tanner, Wilmer W. 1985. Snakes of Western Chihuahua. Great Basin Naturalist 45 (4): 615-676 - get paper here
  • Tim, Warfel., Matt Cage and Dirk J. Stevenson. 2015. Micurus distans distans (West Mexican coralsnake) diet. Herpetological Review 46 (2): 275 - get paper here
  • Vázquez Díaz, Joel;Quintero Díaz, Gustavo E. 2005. Anfibios y Reptiles de Aguascalientes [2nd ed.]. CONABIO, CIEMA, 318 pp.
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
  • Webb, R.G. 1984. Herpetogeography in the Mazatlán-Durango Region of the Sierra Madre Occidental, Mexico. Vetrebrate Ecology and Systematics - A ribute to Henry S. Fitch; Museum of Natural History, University of Kansas, Lawrence, pp. 217-241
  • Woolrich-Piña, Guillermo A, Paulino Ponce-Campos, Jesús Loc-Barragán, Juan Pablo Ramírez-Silva, Vicente Mata-Silva, Jerry D. Johnson, Elí García-Padilla and Larry David Wilson. 2016. The herpetofauna of Nayarit, Mexico: composition, distribution, and conservation status. Mesoamerican Herpetology 3 (2): 376-448 - get paper here
  • Zweifel, Richard G. 1959. Additions to the herpetofauna of Nayarit, Mexico. American Museum Novitates (1953): 1-13 - get paper here
 
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