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Miralia alternans (REUSS, 1834)

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Higher TaxaHomalopsidae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Reuss’ Mud Snake, Reuss' Water Snake 
SynonymBrachyorrhos alternans REUSS 1834: 155
Brachyorrhos alternans — SCHLEGEL & MÜLLER 1845
Miralia alternans — GRAY 1842
Eurostus alternans — DUMÉRIL & BIBRON 1854: 957
Hypsirhina alternans — JAN 1863
Hypsirhina (Ferania) alternans — STOLICZKA 1873: 125
Enhydris alternans — STEJNEGER 1907
Homalopsis decussata SCHLEGEL 1837
Enhydris alternans — MANTHEY & GROSSMANN 1997: 349
Enhydris alternans — MURPHY 2007: 88
Enhydris alternans — WALLACH et al. 2014: 270
Miralia alternans — MURPHY & VORIS 2014: 28
Miralia alternans — FUKUYAMA et al .2022 
DistributionIndonesia (Sumatra, Bangka, Belitung, Java, Borneo)
Malaysia (East Malaysia)

Type locality: Java  
Reproductionovovivparous 
TypesLectotype: SMF 19465 (formerly 9004,1a); also (erroneously) given as Holotype: ZMUC 6242) 
DiagnosisDiagnosis (genus): Smooth scales, nasals in contact; dorsal scales in 19 rows at mid-body; a tiny preocular scale; lower postocular does not extend below eye; fourth and fifth upper labials enter orbit; the ventrals number 120–143; eight upper labials; nasal cleft contacts second upper labial (MURPHY & VORIS 2014: 28). 
CommentType species: Brachyorrhos alternans REUSS 1834: 155 is the type species of the genus Miralia MURPHY & VORIS 2014.

Habitat: unknown but reportedly in rivers (Iskandar 1987) and possibly burrowing (Muprhy 2007: 91). 
EtymologyNamed presumably after the alternating dark and light bands on the dorsum of this species (Murphy 2007). 
References
  • David,P. & Vogel, G. 1996. The snakes of Sumatra. An annotated checklist and key with natural history notes. Bücher Kreth, Frankfurt/M.
  • Duméril, A. M. C., Bibron, G. & DUMÉRIL, A. H. A., 1854. Erpétologie générale ou histoire naturelle complète des reptiles. Tome septième. Deuxième partie, comprenant l'histoire des serpents venimeux. Paris, Librairie Encyclopédique de Roret: i-xii + 781-1536 - get paper here
  • Fukuyama, I., Kodama, T., Eto, K., Matsui, M., Hossman, M. Y., & Nishikawa, K. 2022. Phylogenetic placement and diet of homalopsid snake Miralia alternans (Ruess, 1833). Zoological Research, 43(5), 734-737 - get paper here
  • Lang, Ruud de 2017. The Snakes of Java, Bali and Surrounding Islands. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, 435 pp. - get paper here
  • Manthey, U. & Grossmann, W. 1997. Amphibien & Reptilien Südostasiens. Natur und Tier Verlag (Münster), 512 pp. - get paper here
  • Murphy, J.C. & Voris, H.K. 2014. A Checklist and Key to the Homalopsid Snakes (Reptilia, Squamata, Serpentes), with the Description of New Genera. FIELDIANA: LIFE AND EARTH SCIENCES (8): 1–43 - get paper here
  • Murphy, John C. 2007. Homalopsid Snakes: Evolution in the Mud. Krieger Publishing, Malabar, Florida, 249 pp.
  • Reuss, A. 1834. Zoologische Miscellen. Reptilien, Ophidier. [Coluber albiventris, Echis pavo]. Mus. Senckenbergiana, Frankfurt/M., 1: 129-162. - get paper here
  • Stoliczka,F. 1873. Notes on some species of Malayan Amphibia and reptilia. J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal 42: 111-126 - get paper here
  • Stuebing, R.B., Inger, R.F. & Lardner, B. 2014. A field guide to the snakes of Borneo, second edition. Natural history Publications (Borneo)
  • TEYNIÉ, ALEXANDRE; PATRICK DAVID, & ANNEMARIE OHLER 2010. Note on a collection of Amphibians and Reptiles from Western Sumatra (Indonesia), with the description of a new species of the genus Bufo. Zootaxa 2416: 1–43 - get paper here
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
 
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