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Mussurana quimi (FRANCO, MARQUES & PUORTO, 1997)

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Higher TaxaColubridae (Dipsadinae), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesPortuguese: Cobra-Preta, Limpa-Mato, Muçurana, Mussurana 
SynonymClelia quimi FRANCO, MARQUES & PUORTO 1997: 484
Clelia quimi — GIRAUDO & SCROCCHI 2002
Mussurana quimi — ZAHER et al. 2009
Mussurana quimi — WALLACH et al. 2014: 462
Mussurana quimi — NOGUEIRA et al. 2019 
DistributionBrazil (Sao Paulo, Parana, Santa Catarina, Minas Gerais, Goias, Rio Grande do Sul), Argentina (Misiones), Paraguay

Type locality: Santo Antônio farm, city of Itú (23° 16 ́ S; 47° 19 ́W), São Paulo, Brazil.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: IBSP (= IB) 53743, adult male 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: The low number of ventrals (186-205) distinguishes C. quimi from B. maculata and C. plumbea (Appendix 4, Fig. 4). It seems to invariably have 8 supralabials on each side, in contrast to B. maculata, C. clelia, C. plumbea, and C. rustica, which usually have 7 (Franco et al., 1997; Appendix 1). It is a medium-sized species (maximum total length 1277 mm; Fig. 3, Franco et al., 1997). Clelia quimi is most similar to C. bicolor in size, color, and squamation; it differs in having a higher number of ventrals (186-205 vs. 165-177) and in details of coloration. The line of demarcation on the sides of the head between the dark dorsal color and the light ventral color is sharp and distinct on the dorsal border of the supralabials in C. bicolor; in C. quimi the dorsal color fades gradually, continuing as a dusky color over the entire supralabial (Franco et al., 1997 ?).


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CommentClosely related to C. bicolor, being distinguished from the latter by the number of ventral scales and the color of the supralabials. 
EtymologyNamed after Joaquim "Quim" Cavalheiro, a Laboratory Assistant, Laboratorio de Herpetologia do Instituto Butantan. 
References
  • BARBO, F. E.; MARQUES, O. A. V. & SAWAYA, R. J. 2011. Diversity, Natural History and Distribution of Snakes in the Municipality of São Paulo. South American J. Herp. 6: 135-160
  • Beolens, Bo; Michael Watkins, and Michael Grayson 2011. The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, USA - get paper here
  • Cacciali, Pier; Norman J. Scott, Aida Luz Aquino Ortíz, Lee A. Fitzgerald, and Paul Smith 2016. The Reptiles of Paraguay: Literature, Distribution, and an Annotated Taxonomic Checklist. SPECIAL PUBLICATION OF THE MUSEUM OF SOUTHWESTERN BIOLOGY, NUMBER 11: 1–373 - get paper here
  • Entiauspe-Neto, Omar Machado; Arthur Diesel Abegg, Fernando Marques Quintela, Daniel Loebmann 2017. Mussurana quimi (Franco, Marques & Puorto, 1997) (Serpentes: Dipsadidae): first records for Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil. Check List 13 (1): 2053 - get paper here
  • Franca, F.G.R.; Daniel O. Mesquita, Cristiano C. Nogueira, and Alexandre F. B. Araújo 2008. Phylogeny and Ecology Determine Morphological Structure in a Snake Assemblage in the Central Brazilian Cerrado. Copeia 2008 (1): 23-38 - get paper here
  • Franco, F.L., Marques,O.A.V. & Puorto,G. 1997. Two new species of colubrid snakes of the genus Clelia from Brazil. Journal of Herpetology 31 (4): 483-490 - get paper here
  • Giraudo, A. R., and G. J. Scrocchi 2002. Argentinian Snakes: An Annotated Checklist. Smithsonian Herp. Inf. Serv. (132): 1-53 - get paper here
  • Giraudo,A.R. 1999. New records of snakes from Argentina. Herpetological Review 30 (3): 179-181 - get paper here
  • Gonzalez R. C. et al. 2020. Lista dos Nomes Populares dos Répteis no Brasil – Primeira Versão. Herpetologia Brasileira 9 (2): 121 – 214 - get paper here
  • Morato, S.A.A.; Franco, F.L. & Sanches, E.J. 2003. Uma nova espécie de Clelia (Serpentes, Colubridae) do sul do Brasil. Phyllomedusa 2 (2): 93-100 - get paper here
  • Nogueira, Cristiano C.; Antonio J.S. Argôlo, Vanesa Arzamendia, Josué A. Azevedo, Fausto E. Barbo, Renato S. Bérnils, Bruna E. Bolochio, Marcio Borges-Martins, Marcela Brasil-Godinho, Henrique Braz, Marcus A. Buononato, Diego F. Cisneros-Heredia, 2019. Atlas of Brazilian snakes: verified point-locality maps to mitigate the Wallacean shortfall in a megadiverse snake fauna. South American J. Herp. 14 (Special Issue 1):1-274 - get paper here
  • Pizzatto, L. 2005. Body size, reproductive biology and abundance of the rare pseudoboini snakes genera Clelia and Boiruna (Serpentes, Colubridae). Phyllomedusa 4 (2): 111-122 - get paper here
  • Scott, N.J.; Giraudo, A.R.; Scrocchi, G.; Aquino, A.L.; Cacciali, P. & Motte, M. 2006. The genera Boiruna and Clelia (Serpentes: Pseudoboini) in Paraguay and Argentina. Pap. Avuls. Zool. 46 (9): 77-105 - get paper here
  • Vaz-Silva, W. et al. 2007. Herpetofauna, Espora Hydroelectric Power Plant, state of Goiás, Brazil. Check List 3 (4): 338-345 - get paper here
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
  • Zaher, Hussam; Fausto Erritto BarboI; Paola Sanchez Martínez; Cristiano Nogueira; Miguel Trefaut Rodrigues; Ricardo Jannini Sawaya 2011. Répteis do Estado de São Paulo: conhecimento atual e perspectivas. Biota Neotropica, 11 (1): 1–15. - get paper here
 
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