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Ophisops elegans MÉNÉTRIES, 1832

IUCN Red List - Ophisops elegans - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaLacertidae, Eremiadinae, Sauria, Lacertoidea, Squamata (lizards)
SubspeciesOphisops elegans basoglui BARAN & BUDAK 1978
Ophisops elegans blanfordi SCHMIDT 1939
Ophisops elegans budakibarani TOK, AFSAR, YAKIN, AYAZ & ÇİÇEK 2017
Ophisops elegans centralanatoliae BODENHEIMER 1944
Ophisops elegans ehrenbergii (WIEGMANN 1835)
Ophisops elegans elegans MÉNÉTRIÉS 1832
Ophisops elegans macrodactylus BERTHOLD 1840
Ophisops elegans schlueteri BOETTGER 1880 
Common NamesE: Snake-eyed Lizard
G: (Europäische) Schlangenauge(neidechse)
Russian: Стройная змееголовка 
SynonymOphisops elegans MÉNÉTRIES 1832: 63
Amystes ehrenbergi WIEGMANN 1835
Ophisops elegans — DUMÉRIL & BIBRON 1839: 259
Ophiops [sic] elegans — BERTHOLD 1840
Gymnops meizolepis STOLICZKA 1872 (fide SMITH 1935)
Ophisops elegans — ANDERSON 1872
Ophiops elegans — BOETTGER 1880
Ophiops elegans — BOETTGER 1892: 146
Ophiops elegans var. persicus BOULENGER 1918: 160
Ophiops elegans var. mizolepis — BOULENGER 1920: 353
Ophiops elegans var. mizolepis — BOULENGER 1921 (fide SMITH 1935)
Ophisops elegans elegans — SMITH 1935: 379
Ophisops blanfordi SCHMIDT 1939
Ohisops [sic] elegans KHALAF 1961
Ophisops elegans — ENGELMANN et al 1993
Ophisops elegans — SCHLEICH, KÄSTLE & KABISCH 1996: 430
Ophisops elegans — ŠMÍD et al. 2014
Ophisops elegans — BAR et al. 2021

Ophisops elegans basoglui BARAN & BUDAK 1978
Ophisops elegans basoglui — SINDACO & JEREMČENKO 2008
Ophisops elegans basoglui — KUCHARZEWSKI 2016

Ophisops elegans blanfordi SCHMIDT 1939
Ophisops blanfordi SCHMIDT 1939: 64
Ophisops blanfordi — HELLMICH 1959
Ophisops elegans blanfordi — SINDACO & JEREMČENKO 2008
Ophisops blanfordi — MOHAMMED et al. 2017

Ophisops elegans budakibarani TOK, AFSAR, YAKIN, AYAZ & ÇİÇEK 2017

Ophisops elegans centralanatoliae BODENHEIMER 1944: 33
Ophisops elegans centralanatoliae — SINDACO & JEREMČENKO 2008
Ophisops elegans centralanatoliae — TAYHAN et al. 2016

Ophisops elegans ehrenbergii (WIEGMANN 1835)
Amystes Ehrenbergii WIEGMANN 1835
Ophisops elegans ehrenbergi — WERNER 1935: 106
Ophisops elegans ehrenbergii — BIRD 1936
Ophisops elegans erhenbergii [sic] — ANGEL 1936: 111
Ophisops elegans ehrenbergii — SCHMIDT 1939
Ophisops elegans ehrenbergii — BISCHOFF 1991
Ophisops elegans ehrenbergii — SINDACO & JEREMČENKO 2008
Ophisops elegans cf. ehrenbergii — SINDACO et al. 2014
Ophisops elegans ehrenbergii — MOHAMMED et al. 2017

Ophisops elegans macrodactylus BERTHOLD 1840
Ophisops macrodactylus BERTHOLD 1840: 58
Ophisops macrodactylus — BERTHOLD 1846: 15
Ophisops elegans macrodactylus — ÇEVIK 1999
Ophisops elegans macrodactylus — SCHLÜTER 2004
Ophisops elegans macrodactylus — SINDACO & JEREMČENKO 2008
Ophisops elegans macrodactylus — SCHLÜTER 2010
Ophisops elegans macrodactylus — DEICHSEL 2013
Ophisops macrodactylus — BÖHME 2014: 151
Ophisops elegans macrodactylus — KWET & TRAPP 2014
Ophisops elegans macrodactylus — BAMANN et al. 2021

Ophisops elegans schlueteri BOETTGER 1880
Ophiops [sic] schlueteri BOETTGER 1880: 176
Ophisops elegans schlueteri — SCHMIDT 1939
Ophisops elegans schlueteri — ESTERBAUER 1985
Ophisops elegans schlueteri — SINDACO & JEREMČENKO 2008
Ophisops elegans schlueteri — SCHNEIDER 2020 
DistributionE Republic of Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan,
SE Bulgaria, NE Greece (Lesbos, Limnos, Chios, Samos, Samothraki, Agathonisi, Psara, Kalymnos), Cyprus, Turkey, W Syria, Lebanon, Israel, Palestine (West Bank), W Jordan,
Iraq, Iran (Kavir desert), Russia (Chechnya and Dagestan)

basoglui: Turkey (S Anatolia, Alanya area)

blanfordi: Mesopotamia, SE Iraq, SW Iran.

centralanatoliae: C/E/S Turkey (C Anatolia)

ehrenbergi: Levant, Greece (Kalymnos, Lesbos etc.), S Turkey (incl Anatolia); N Syria, Iraq

elegans: Turkey (incl Anatolia); Russia (Chechnya and Dagestan), N Iraq, N/C Iran, N Pakistan; Type locality: Baku, Azerbaijan

macrodactylus: W Turkey (Anatolia), Greece (Lesbos, Samos, Rhodes etc.); Type locality: Constantinopel [= Istanbul]

schlueteri: Cyprus; Type locality: “Cypern”.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesSyntype: USNM 21396
Holotype: ZDEU (also given as SZE) 167/1975.1, Turkey, Alanya [basoglui]
Holotype: FMNH 19721, paratypes: MSNG [blanfordi]
Holotype: COMU-ZDEU 2017/10 (COMU = Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, which is different from ZDEU) [budakibarani]
Holotype: ZMB [ehrenbergii]
Holotype: ZFMK 21219, cited erroneously as ZDFMK by Böhme 2010 [macrodactylus]
Syntypes: ZMUI ("Zoological Institutes at Istanbul University and Ankara (Y.Z.E.)", BMNH (123+ specimens) [centralanatoliae]
Syntypes: BMNH [persicus]
Lectotype: SMF 13841 [schlueteri] 
DiagnosisDiagnosis (genus): Lower eyelid fused with upper, with large transparent disc (Fig. 123); ventral plates smooth; collar weakly defined, or absent in middle; subdigital lamellae keeled; dorsal scales rhombic, imbricate, strongly keeled; femoral pores present (Anderson 1999: 254).


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CommentSynonymy: O. e. persicus was considered a synonym of O. elegans elegans, e.g. by Anderson 1999: 254, who rejects subspecies in O. elegans in general.

Subspecies: the current subspecies classification of O. elegans does not match the molecular clades found by Montgelard et al. 2021 and may need to be revised.

Distribution: Not listed for India by DAS 1997. Not in Libya fide Bauer et al. 2017. Distribution: See map in SMID et al. 2014 for distribution in Iran. See map in SMID et al. 2014 for distribution in Iran. See lacerta.de for maps of subspecies. For a map of type localities of subspecies see Montgelard et al. 2021: Fig. 1b. See Bar et al. 2021 for a map. Harris et al. 2025 suggested that all North African populations belong to O. occidentalis (which is what we follow here).

Type species: Ophisops elegans MÉNÉTRIES 1832: 63 is the type species of the genus Ophisops MÉNÉTRIES 1832.

Comparisons: Patel & Vyas 2020 presented a comparison of characters in Indian Ophisops.

Reference images: see Uetz et al. 2024 for high-resolution reference images for this species. 
EtymologyThe name elegans (Latin) means tasteful, choice, fine, select or elegant and appears to refer to the color pattern or body shape.

The genus was named after Greek ophis (ὄφις), snake + Greek ops (ὄψ), appearance. [“…OPHISOPS, (όφις, serpens et ὄψ facies)…"]. 
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