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Ophisops leschenaultii (MILNE-EDWARDS, 1829)

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Higher TaxaLacertidae, Eremiadinae, Sauria, Lacertoidea, Squamata (lizards)
SubspeciesOphisops leschenaultii lankae DERANIYAGALA 1953
Ophisops leschenaultii leschenaultii (MILNE-EDWARDS 1829) 
Common NamesE: Leschenault’s Snake-eyed Lizard, Leschenault’s Lacerta
G: Leschenaults Schlangenaugen-Eidechse 
SynonymLacerta leschenaultii MILNE-EDWARDS 1829: 80, 86
Calosaura Leschenaultii — DUMÉRIL & BIBRON 1839: 262
Cabrita brunnea GRAY 1838: 282 (fide SMITH 1935)
Cabrita leschenaultii — BLANFORD 1870
Cabrita leschenaultii — BOULENGER 1887: 70
Cabrita leschenaulti — SMITH 1935: 374
Cabrita leschenaulti — DANIELS 1994
Ophisops leschenaultii — DAS 1996: 49
Ophisops leschenaultii — MURTHY 2010

Ophisops leschenaultii lankae DERANIYAGALA 1953
Cabrita leschenaultii lankae — DERANIYAGALA 1971
Ophisops leschenaultii lankae — KARUNARATHNA & AMARASINGHE 2011 
DistributionIndia (Bihar, Orissa = Odisha, Madhya Pradesh, Western Ghats [Nilgiri], Kerala, Eastern Ghats [Chitteri Hills], Tamil Nadu), E Sri Lanka  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: MNHN-RA 2753
Holotype: NMSL (probably); Paratype: NMSL [lankae] 
DiagnosisDescription: “Upper head-shields strongly keeled and striated : anterior labials keeled, forming a projecting margin; canthus rostralis very strong ; nostril in the horizontal suture between two large nasals which are extensively in contact with the rostral, and followed by one or two small postnasals, the upper of which sometimes enters the nostril; no azygos prefrontal; frontal long and narrow ; a small occipital ; four supraoculars, first and fourth small, the two principal separated from the supraciliaries by a series of granules; subocular bordering the lip, between the fourth and fifth (or fifth and sixth) upper labials; temporal scales small, keeled; two large shields border the parietals exteriorly; a curved large shield on the supero-anterior border of the ear-opening; six large chin-shields on each side, the three anterior in contact with their fellows. Dorsal scales moderately large, scarcely larger on the back than on the sides; ventrals broader than long, in 6 longitudinal and 25 to 29 transverse series, the median longitudinal series narrower than the others; 42 to 48 scales round the middle of the body, ventrals included. A large postero-median præanal plate. The hind limb reaches the ante-humeral fold or a little beyond the ear; the length of the foot equals the distance between the antehumeral fold and the nostril or the tip of the snout. 12 to 16 femoral pores on each side. Tail nearly twice as long as head and body ; caudal scales much larger than dorsals. Brownish or golden above; a pale band, edged above with a black one, along each side of the body and tail, commencing from the supraciliary edge ; another pale, black-edged band along the upper lip and the side of the body; the space between the two light bands on each side usually black, or spotted with black ; lower surfaces yellowish white, tail and hind limbs often reddish.” (Boulenger 1887: 70) 
Comment 
EtymologyNamed after Jean-Baptiste-Louis-Claude-Théodore Leschenault (1773-1826). 
References
  • Agarwal, I. and Ramakrishnan, U. 2017. A phylogeny of open-habitat lizards (Squamata: Lacertidae: Ophisops) supports the antiquity of Indian grassy biomes. J. Biogeogr., doi:10.1111/jbi.12999 - get paper here
  • Beolens, Bo; Michael Watkins, and Michael Grayson 2011. The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, USA - get paper here
  • Bhupathy, Subramanian & N. Sathishkumar 2013. Status of reptiles in Meghamalai and its environs, Western Ghats, Tamil Nadu, India. Journal of Threatened Taxa 5 (15): 4953-4961 - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G. A. 1887. Catalogue of the lizards in the British Museum (Nat. Hist.) III. Lacertidae, Gerrhosauridae, Scincidae, Anelytropsidae, Dibamidae, Chamaeleontidae. London: 575 pp. - get paper here
  • Boulenger, George A. 1890. The Fauna of British India, Including Ceylon and Burma. Reptilia and Batrachia. Taylor & Francis, London, xviii, 541 pp. - get paper here
  • Daniels, R.J. Ranjit 1994. Rarity and the herpetofauna of the Southern Eastern Ghats. India. Cobra (16): 2-14
  • Das, Indraneil & Abhijit Das 2017. A Naturalist’s Guide to the Reptiles of India, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. John Beaufoy Publishing Ltd., Oxford, 176 pp.
  • Deraniyagala, P. 1971. A new lizard from Ceylon. Spol. Zeylan., 32: 103-105
  • Duméril, A. M. C. and G. Bibron. 1839. Erpétologie Générale on Histoire Naturelle Complète des Reptiles. Vol. 5. Roret/Fain et Thunot, Paris, 871 pp. - get paper here
  • Ganesh S.R., Bubesh Guptha 2021. Herpetological diversity in the Central Eastern Ghats, Peninsular India. Journal of Animal Diversity, 3(3): 18-44 - get paper here
  • GANESH, S.R. & S.R. CHANDRAMOULI 2017. Identifizierung von Leschenaults Schlangenaugen-Eidechse, Ophisops leschenaultii (Milne-Edwards, 1829), mit Anmerkungen zur ontogenetischen Farbveränderung. Sauria 39 (2): 68-72 - get paper here
  • GANESH, S.R. & S.R. CHANDRAMOULI 2018. Identification of Leschenault’s Snake-eyed Lizard Ophisops leschenaultii (Milne-Edwards, 1829) with notes on its ontogenetic colour change. Sauria 40 (4): 68 - 72 - get paper here
  • Ganesh, S.R.; A. Kalaimani, P. Karthik, N. Baskaran, R. Nagarajan & S.R.Chandramouli 2018. Herpetofauna of Southern Eastern Ghats, India – II From Western Ghats to Coromandel Coast. Asian Journal of Conservation Biology, July 2018. Vol. 7 No. 1, pp. 28-45 - get paper here
  • Gayen, N C 1999. A synopsis of the reptiles of Gujarat, western India. . Hamadryad 24 (1): 1-22 - get paper here
  • Gray, J. E. 1838. Catalogue of the slender-tongued saurians, with descriptions of many new genera and species. Part 1. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (1) 1: 274-283 - get paper here
  • JANZEN, P. 2021. Das Schlangenauge Ophisops leschenaultii (Milne-Edwards, 1829) in der Nilgala Fire Savannah auf Sri Lanka. Sauria 43 (1): 104-108 - get paper here
  • Kandamby, DharmaSri 1997. Herpetological types reposed in the National Museum Colombo, Sri Lanka. Lyriocephalus 3 (1): 31-33
  • Karthik, Pandi; Ayuthavel Kalaimani, Rathinalingam Nagarajan 2018. An inventory on herpetofauna with emphasis on conservation from Gingee Hills, Eastern-Ghats, Southern India. Asian Journal of Conservation Biology 7 (1): 2-16 - get paper here
  • Karthik, Pandi; Rathinalingam Nagarajan & Ayuthavel Kalaimani 2018. Leschenault's Snake-eye Lizard: Ecology of Ophisops leschenaultii in Pakkam Hills, Gingee, Eastern Ghats, Southern India. ZOO'S PRINT 33 (7): 6-9 - get paper here
  • Karunarathna, Suranjan D. M. S. and A. A. Thasun Amarasinghe 2011. A PRELIMINARY SURVEY OF THE REPTILE FAUNA IN NILGALA FOREST AND ITS VICINITY, MONARAGALA DISTRICT, SRI LANKA. Taprobanica 3 (2): 69-76 - get paper here
  • Khanduri, S., Thirumurugan, V., CS, V., Chinnasamy, R., Das, A., & Talukdar, G. 2022. A note on opportunistic records of reptiles from the Moyar River Valley Landscape, Tamil Nadu, southern India. Journal of Animal Diversity 4 (4) - get paper here
  • Kumar, Gandla Chethan; Chelmala Srinivasulu, and Kante Krishna Prasad 2017. New locality records of Leschenault’s Snake Eye, Ophisops leschenaultii (Sauria: Lacertidae) (Milne-Edwards, 1829) from Telangana State, with notes on the species’ natural history. IRCF Reptiles & Amphibians 24 (1): 51–54 - get paper here
  • Milne-Edwards, M.H. 1829. Recherches zoologiques pour servir à l'histoire des lézards, extraites d'une monographie de ce genre. Ann. Sci. Nat. Paris 16: 50-89 - get paper here
  • Murthy, T.S.N. 1986. Lizards of the Kurnool District, Andhra, India. Bull. Maryland Herp. Soc. 22 (3): 134-143 - get paper here
  • Murthy, T.S.N. 2010. The reptile fauna of India. B.R. Publishing, New Delhi, 332 pp.
  • Palot, M.J. 2015. A checklist of reptiles of Kerala, India. Journal of Threatened Taxa 7(13): 8010–8022 - get paper here
  • Patel, H., & Vyas, R. 2020. Lost before being recognized? A new species of the genus Ophisops (Squamata: Lacertidae) from Gujarat, India. Ecologica Montenegrina 35: 31-44 - get paper here
  • Smith, M.A. 1935. The fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Reptiles and Amphibia, Vol. II. Sauria. Taylor and Francis, London, 440 pp.
  • Somaweera, R. & Somaweera, N. 2009. Lizards of Sri Lanka: a colour guide with field keys. Chimaira, Frankfurt, 304 pp.
  • Venugopal, P.D. 2010. An updated and annotated list of Indian lizards (Reptilia: Sauria) based on a review of distribution records and checklists of Indian reptiles. Journal of Threatened Taxa 2 (3): 725-738. - get paper here
  • Ziesmann, S.; Klaas, P.& Janzen, P. 2007. Von Skinken und anderen Echsen [Sri Lankas]. Draco 7 (30): 18-23 - get paper here
 
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