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Oreosaurus cephalolineatus GARCIA-PEREZ & YUSTIZ, 1995

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Higher TaxaGymnophthalmidae (Cercosaurinae), Sauria, Gymnophthalmoidea, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common Names 
SynonymProctoporus cephalolineatus GARCIA-PEREZ & YUSTIZ 1995
Oreosaurus cephalolineatus — ESQUEDA et al. 2017 
DistributionVenezuela (Lara: Cordillera de la Costa de Venezuela, Cordillera de Mérida), Trinidad  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: ULABG 3202 
Diagnosis 
CommentThis species is probably not a Proctoporus because it has prefrontals (DOAN & SCHARGEL 2003 and SCHARGEL, pers. comm.). Instead, it could belong to either Euspondylus or Pholidobolus. The single specimen of P. cephalolineatus could be an aberrant specimen of the geographically close P. inanis, a species from the Andes of Mérida recently described and now in the genus Riama (Doan & Schargel 2003; Doan & Castoe 2005), in which case the name P. cephalolineatus would have priority.

Abundance: only known from the type locality (Meiri et al. 2017). This is one of the species called 'lost' and 'rediscovered' by Lindken et al. 2024. 
EtymologyNamed after Greek kéfali (κεφάλη), head of man or beast + Latin lineatus, lined. [“...Superficie dorsal de la cabeza, parda, con numerosas manchas oscuras. Una línea clara difusa, que nace en el borde posterior de la comisura ocular, limitada por manchas oscuras, se extiende hasta la cola...”]. (from Esteban Lavilla, pers. comm., May 2024) 
References
  • Doan, T.M. & Schargel, W.E. 2003. Bridging the gap in Proctoporus distribution: a new species (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae) from the Andes of Venezuela. Herpetologica 59 (1): 68-75 - get paper here
  • ESQUEDA, LUIS FELIPE; SANTOS BAZÓ , SEBASTIAN LOTZKAT 2017. OCURRENCE OF Oreosaurus cephalolineatus (SQUAMATA: GYMNOPHTHALMIDAE) IN THE LACUSTRINE SLOPE OF CORDILLERA DE MÉRIDA, VENEZUELA. Saber, Universidad de Oriente, Venezuela, 29: 743-747
  • Garcia-Perez, J.E., and E. E. Yustiz 1995. Una nueva especie de Proctoporus (Sauria: Gymnophthalmidae) de los Andes de Venezuela. Revista de Ecologia Latinoamericana 4:1-5
  • Lindken T.; Anderson, C. V., Ariano-Sánchez, D., Barki, G., Biggs, C., Bowles, P., Chaitanya, R., Cronin, D. T., Jähnig, S. C., Jeschke, J. M., Kennerley, R. J., Lacher, T. E. Jr., Luedtke, J. A., Liu, C., Long, B., Mallon, D., Martin, G. M., Meiri, 2024. What factors influence the rediscovery of lost tetrapod species? Global Change Biology, 30: 1-18 - get paper here
  • Meiri, Shai; Aaron M. Bauer, Allen Allison, Fernando Castro-Herrera, Laurent Chirio, Guarino Colli, Indraneil Das, Tiffany M. Doan, Frank Glaw, Lee L. Grismer, Marinus Hoogmoed, Fred Kraus, Matthew LeBreton, Danny Meirte, Zoltán T. Nagy, Cristiano d 2017. Extinct, obscure or imaginary: the lizard species with the smallest ranges. Diversity and Distributions - get paper here
  • RIVAS, GILSON A.; CÉSAR R. MOLINA, GABRIEL N. UGUETO, TITO R. BARROS, CÉSAR L. BAR- RIO-AMORÓS & PHILIPPE J. R. KOK 2012. Reptiles of Venezuela: an updated and commented checklist. Zootaxa 3211: 1–64 - get paper here
 
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