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Orlitia borneensis GRAY, 1873

IUCN Red List - Orlitia borneensis - Endangered, EN
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Higher TaxaGeoemydidae or Bataguridae, Testudines (turtles) 
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Malayan Giant Turtle, Century Turtle
G: Borneo Flussschildkröte 
SynonymOrlitia borneensis GRAY 1873
Clemmys (Heteroclemmys) gibbera PETERS 1874
Bellia borneensis — BOULENGER 1889
Hardella baileyi BARTLETT 1895
Adelochelys crassa BAUR 1896
Brookeia baileyi BARTLETT 1896 (fide SIEBENROCK 1904)
Liemys inornata BOULENGER 1897: 469
Orlitia borneensis — KING & BURKE 1989
Orlitia borneensis — MANTHEY & GROSSMANN 1997: 452
Orlitia borneensis — COX et al. 1998: 130 
DistributionMalaysia (S Malay peninsula), Indonesia (Sumatra, Borneo)

Type locality: “Borneo”
Type locality: Pulo Matjan [Kalimantan] (Borneo) [Clemmys gibbera PETERS]  
TypesHolotype: BMNH 1947.3.4.9.
Holotype: ZMB 5022 [Clemmys (Heteroclemmys) gibbera PETERS 1874] 
CommentOne of the biggest emydids (batagurids) with a carapace length of up to 80 cm.

Etymology: Named after its distribution on Borneo (Indonesia).

Reproduction: oviparous. 
References
  • Auliya, M. 2006. Taxonomy, Life History, and conservation of giant reptiles in west Kalimantan. Natur und Tier Verlag, Münster, 432 pp. - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1897. Description of a new genus and species of Tortoises from Borneo. Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (6) 19: 468-469 - get paper here
  • Chan-ard,T.; Grossmann,W.; Gumprecht,A. & Schulz,K. D. 1999. Amphibians and reptiles of peninsular Malaysia and Thailand - an illustrated checklist [bilingual English and German]. Bushmaster Publications, Würselen, Gemany, 240 pp. [book review in Russ. J Herp. 7: 87] - get paper here
  • Cox, Merel J.; Van Dijk, Peter Paul; Jarujin Nabhitabhata & Thirakhupt,Kumthorn 1998. A Photographic Guide to Snakes and Other Reptiles of Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand. Ralph Curtis Publishing, 144 pp.
  • Ernst,C.H. and Barbour,R.W. 1989. Turtles of the World. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington D.C. - London
  • Gray,J.E. 1873. On a new freshwater tortoise from Borneo (Orlitia borneensis). Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (4)11: 156-157 - get paper here
  • Jamniczky, H. A. and A. P. Russell 2004. A geometric morphometric assessment of the 'batagurine process' of testudinoid turtles. Amphibia-Reptilia 25 (4): 369-379 - get paper here
  • Lee, J. C.I.; Tsai, L.C.; Liao, S.P.; Linacre, A. & Hsieh, H.M. 2009. Species identification using the cytochrome b gene of commercial turtle shells. Forensic Science International: Genetics 3: 67–73
  • Ludwig, Maxim; Auer, Markus; Fritz, Uwe 2007. Phalangeal formulae of geoemydid terrapins (Batagur, Callagur, Hardella, Heosemys, Kachuga, Orlitia, Pangshura, Rhinoclemmys) reflect distinct modes of life. Amphibia-Reptilia 28 (4): 574-576 - get paper here
  • Manthey, U. & Grossmann, W. 1997. Amphibien & Reptilien Südostasiens. Natur und Tier Verlag (Münster), 512 pp. - get paper here
  • McCord, W.P. & Joseph-Ouni, M. 2003. Chelonian Illustrations #10. Monotypic genera of the family Geoemydidae. Reptilia (GB) (30): 34-38 - get paper here
  • Peters, Wilhem Carl Hartwig 1874. Über neue Amphibien (Gymnopis, Siphonops, Polypedates, Rhacophorus, Hyla, Cyclodus, Euprepes, Clemmys). Monatsber. königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin. 1874 (October): 616-624 - get paper here
  • Schilde, M. 2004. Asiatische Sumpfschildkröten - Die Familie Geoemydidae in Südostasien, China und Japan. Natur und Tier Verlag (Münster), 192 pp. - get paper here
  • Siebenrock, F. 1902. Brookeia Baileyi E. Bartlett und Adelochelys crassa Baur. Zool. Anz. 25: 671-673 - get paper here
  • Siebenrock, F. 1904. Zur Systematik der Schilkröten-Gattung Orlitia Gray. Zool. Anz. 27: 580-582
 
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