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Ovophis tonkinensis (BOURRET, 1934)

IUCN Red List - Ovophis tonkinensis - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaViperidae, Crotalinae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Tonkin pitviper
Chinese: 越南烙铁头蛇 
SynonymTrimeresurus tonkinensis BOURRET 1934
Trimeresurus tonkinensis — BOURRET 1935: 12
Ovophis monticola tonkinensis — BURGER in HOGE & ROMANO-HOGE 1981: 247
Ovophis tonkinensis — WELCH 1994: 95
Ovophis monticola — MCDIARMID, CAMPBELL & TOURÉ 1999: 319
Ovophis tonkinensis — GUMPRECHT et al. 2004
Ovophis tonkinensis — MALHOTRA et al. 2011
Ovophis tonkinensis — WALLACH et al. 2014: 514 
DistributionVietnam, China (Guangxi, Guangdong, Hong Kong, Hainan; HR 26: 257)

Type locality: Tam-Dao (province de Vinh-yén, Tonkin, elevation 900 m), and Chapa, province de Laokay (Tonkin), à l’altitude moyenne de 1,600 m according to BOURRET (1934).  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: VNUH M.261 (= HNUV R560) 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: fourth supralabial larger than the third, predominantly single subcaudals , 127–145 ventral scales. [MALHOTRA et al. 2011, Appendix G] 
CommentVenomous!

Synonymy: Status unclear. See MCDIARMID, CAMPBELL & TOURÉ (1999) for a discussion. Smith 1943: 508 listed tonkinensis as a synonym of Trimeresurus monticola. 
EtymologyNamed after the type locality. 
References
  • Bourret, R. 1934. Notes herpétologiques sur l'Indochine Française I. Ophidiens de Chapa. Bull. Gen. Instr. Pub. Hanoi 7 (March 1934): 129-138
  • Bourret,R. 1935. Notes herpétologiques sur l'Indochine Française X. Les serpents de la station d’altitude du Tam-dao. Bull. Gen. Instr. Pub. Hanoi 8 (avril): 259-271 (1-13)
  • Fong, Jonathan J; Alessandro Grioni, Paul Crow, Ka-shing Cheung 2017. Morphological and genetic verification of Ovophis tonkinensis (Bourret, 1934) in Hong Kong. Herpetology Notes 10: 457-461 - get paper here
  • Francis, A. 2021. A field guide to the snakes of Hong Kong. Regal Printing, Hong Kong - get paper here
  • Gumprecht, A.; Tillack, F.; Orlov, N.L.; Captain, A. & Ryabow, S. 2004. Asian pitvipers. Geitje Books, Berlin, 368 pp.
  • Hoge & Romano-Hoge 1981. Poisonous snakes of the world. Part I. Check list of the pit vipers, Viperoidea, Viperidae, Crotalinae. Mem. Inst. Butantan 42/43 [1978-1979]: 179-309 - get paper here
  • Malhotra, Anita; Karen Dawson, Peng Guo and Roger S. Thorpe 2011. Phylogenetic structure and species boundaries in the mountain pitviper Ovophis monticola (Serpentes: Viperidae: Crotalinae) in Asia. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 59 (2): 444-457 - get paper here
  • McDiarmid, R.W.; Campbell, J.A. & Touré,T.A. 1999. Snake species of the world. Vol. 1. [type catalogue] Herpetologists’ League, 511 pp.
  • Nguyen, S.V., Ho, C.T. and Nguyen, T.Q. 2009. Herpetofauna of Vietnam. Chimaira, Frankfurt, 768 pp.
  • Orlov, N.; Ananjeva, N.; Barabanov, A.; Ryabov, S. & Khalikov, R. 2002. Diversity of vipers (Azemiopinae, Crotalinae) in East, Southeast, and South Asia: annotated checklist and natural history data (Reptilia: Squamata: Serpentes: Viperidae). Faun. Abh. Mus. Tierk. Dresden 23: 177-218
  • Qiu X-C, Wang J-Z, Xia Z-Y, Jiang Z-W, Zeng Y, Wang N, Li P-P, Shi J-S 2024. A new mountain pitviper of the genus Ovophis Burger in Hoge & Romano-Hoge, 1981 (Serpentes, Viperidae) from Yunnan, China. ZooKeys 1203: 173-187 - get paper here
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
  • Wang, Kai; Jinlong Ren, Hongman Chen, Zhitong Lyu, Xianguang Guo Ke Jiang, Jinmin Chen, Jiatang Li, Peng Guo, Yingyong Wang, Jing Che 2020. The updated checklists of amphibians and reptiles of China. Biodiversity Science 28 (2): 189-218 - get paper here
  • Zeng, Y.-M., Li, K., Liu, Q., Wu, Y.-Y., Hou, S.-B., Zhao, G.-G., Nguyen, S N., Guo, P., & Shi, L. 2023. New insights into the phylogeny and evolution of Chinese Ovophis (Serpentes, Viperidae): Inferred from multilocus data. Zoologica Scripta, 52, 358– 369 - get paper here
  • ZHANG Liang; WEI Qi-Lang; JIANG Ke; YU Bao-Cheng; TANG Xiao-Ping; DANG Xiao-Long; HU Hui-Jian 2011. Ovophis tonkinensis:A New Snake Record in Guangdong Province. Chinese J. Zool. - get paper here
  • Zhao, E.M. 2006. The snakes of China [in Chinese]. Hefei, China, Anhui Sience & Technology Publ. House, Vol. I, 372 pp., Vol. II (color plates), 280 pp.
 
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