Panolopus costatus COPE, 1862
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Panolopus costatus
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| Higher Taxa | Diploglossidae, Diploglossa, Anguimorpha, Sauria, Squamata (lizards) |
| Subspecies | |
| Common Names | E: Hispaniolan Smooth Galliwasp, Common Hispaniolan Galliwasp |
| Synonym | Panolopus costatus COPE 1862: 494 Celestus phoxinus COPE 1868: 125 Panolopus costatus — BOULENGER 1885: 295 Diploglossus ohlendorffi FISCHER 1886 Diploglossus nuchalis BOULENGER 1898: 920 Diploglossus nuchalis — WERNER 1910: 27 Celestus costatus — BARBOUR 1919: 12 Celestus costatus — MERTENS 1939: 70 Celestus costatus — COCHRAN 1941 Celestus costatus — THOMAS & HEDGES 1989 Diploglossus costatus — SCHWARTZ 1964 Celestus costatus — SCHWARTZ & HENDERSON 1991: 368 Celestus costatus — POWELL et al. 1999 Diploglossus costatus — LANGNER 2019 Panolopus costatus — SCHOOLS & HEDGES 2021 Panolopus costatus — SCHOOLS & HEDGES 2024: 147 |
| Distribution | Haiti (Tiburon Peninsula) Type locality: Near Jérémie, Département de la Grand'Anse, Haiti. (18.64, -74.11) INCERTAE SEDIS: Material from north-central Haiti (Jean Bernard, Grande Rivière du Nord, Marmelade) unassigned to subspecies. |
| Reproduction | ovovivparous |
| Types | Holotype: MCZ 3606. Holotype: USNM 197323 [aenetergum] Holotype: MCZ 77158 [chalcorhabdus] Holotype: USNM 167300, adult female; paratypes: CM, USNM, MCZ [emys] Holotype: MCZ 77154 [leionotus] Holotype: MCZ 77157 [melanchrous] Holotype: MCZ 77155 [neiba] Holotype: MCZ 77153 [nesobous] Holotype: MCZ 74940 [oreistes] Holotype: MCZ 12457 [phoxinus] Holotype: MCZ 77156 [psychonothes] Holotype: CM 52285, adult female [saonae] |
| Diagnosis | Diagnosis (genus Panolopus). Species of Panolopus have (1) claw sheath, absent, (2) contact between the nasal and rostral scales, absent, (3) scales in contact with the nasal scale, four, (4) postnasal scales, one, (5) position of the nostril in the nasal scale, central, (6) keels on dorsal body scales, absent, (7) digits per limb, five, (8) longest toe lamellae, 12–22, (9) dorsal scale rows, 83–100, (10) relative head width, 10.6–15.5, (11) relative rostral height, 37.6–51.9, (12) relative frontonasal length, 1.93–2.94, (13) relative interparietal distance, 0.0691–0.911, (14) relative axilla-groin distance, 49.7–59.6. From Advenus gen. nov., we distinguish Panolopus by the absence of a claw sheath (present in Advenus gen. nov.) and the relative axilla-groin distance (49.7–59.6 versus 60.0). From Caribicus gen. nov., we distinguish Panolopus by the absence of keels on the dorsal body scales (present in Caribicus gen. nov.), the relative frontonasal length (1.93–2.94 versus 2.98–3.32), and the relative axilla-groin distance (49.7–59.6 versus 67.1–69.1). From Celestus, we distinguish Panolopus by the relative axilla-groin distance (49.7–59.6 versus 60.9–66.4). From Comptus gen. nov., we distinguish Panolopus by the absence of keels on the dorsal scales (present in Comptus gen. nov.), relative rostral height (37.6–51.9 versus 53.2–65.5), and relative frontonasal length (1.93–2.94 versus 2.95–3.65). From Sauresia, we distinguish Panolopus by the absence of a claw sheath (present in Sauresia), digits per limb (five versus four), dorsal scale rows (83–100 versus 101–127), and the relative axilla-groin distance (49.7–59.6 versus 63.9–69.9). From Wetmorena, we distinguish Panolopus by the absence of a claw sheath (present in Wetmorena), the digits per limb (five versus four), and the relative axilla-groin distance (49.7–59.6 versus 59.9–71.4). |
| Comment | For illustrations see Fischer, 1886 (as Diploglossus ohlendorffii); Cochran, 1941 (as C. badius); Schwartz, 1964; not Mertens, 1939, or Cochran, 1941 (as C. costatus). Subspecies: all previous subspecies have been elevated to species status, see Schools & Hedges 2024. Type species: Panolopus costatus COPE 1862: 494 is the type species of the genus Panolopus Cope 1862. Similar species: Panolopus costatus and P. oreistes cannot be morphologically separated based on standard characters, however, they can be separated by the area of the nasal scale by the SVL (1.59–2.03 [n=4] versus 1.06–1.57 [n=14]) (Schools & Hedges 2024) Habitat: Comptus and Panolopus have both ground and tree-adapted ecomorphs (Schools et al. 2022). Distribution: for a map see Schools & Hedges 2024: 134 (Fig. 49) |
| Etymology | Probably named after Latin costātus "costa " = rib, side + -tus, meaning "provided with" meaning "ribbed" in apparent allusion to the series of “numerous blackish brown vertical bars” on the sides of the body as described by Cope for the type specimen. |
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