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Pantherophis emoryi (BAIRD & GIRARD, 1853)

IUCN Red List - Pantherophis emoryi - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaColubridae, Colubrinae, Lampropeltini, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
SubspeciesPantherophis emoryi emoryi (BAIRD & GIRARD 1853)
Pantherophis emoryi meahllmorum (SMITH et al. 1994)
Pantherophis emoryi slowinskii (BURBRINK 2002) 
Common NamesE: Great Plains Rat Snake
G: Präriekornnatter
E: Southern Plains Rat Snake [meahllmorum]
S: Ratonera de Emory
E: Slowinski ’s Cornsnake [slowinskii]
G: Slowinski-Kornnatter [slowinskii] 
SynonymScotophis emoryi BAIRD & GIRARD 1853: 157
Scotophis calligaster KENNICOTT 1859: 88
Coluber rhinomegas COPE 1860: 255
Coluber emoryi — COPE 1886: 284
Coluber laetus BOULENGER 1894: 49
Coluber laetus — COPE 1900: 850
Coluber emoryi — COPE 1900: 852
Coluber emoryi — STRECKER 1910: 120
Elaphe laeta — TAYLOR 1935: 213
Elaphe laeta — TAYLOR 1939
Elaphe laeta intermontanus WOODBURY and WOODBURY 1942: 139
Elaphe quivira BURT 1946: 116 (nomen nudum)
Elaphe laeta intermontanus — JAMESON & FLURY 1949
Elaphe laeta laeta — SHANNON & SMITH 1949
Elaphe guttata emoryi — STEBBINS 1985: 186
Elaphe guttata emoryi — TANNER 1985: 630
Elaphe guttata emoryi — CONANT & COLLINS 1991: 196
Elaphe emoryi — VAUGHAN et al. 1996
Elaphe guttata emoryi — CROTHER 2000: 61
Elaphe guttata emoryi — TENNANT & BARTLETT 2000: 394
Elaphe guttata emoryi — TENNANT 2003: 403
Elaphe emoryi — BURBRINK 2002
Pantherophis emoryi — POTTS & COLLINS 2005
Pantherophis emoryi emoryi — SKUBOWSKI 2012
Pantherophis emoryi — CROTHER et al. 2012
Pantherophis emoryi — WALLACH et al. 2014: 528
Pantherophis emoryi emoryi — MARSHALL et al. 2021

Pantherophis emoryi meahllmorum (SMITH et al. 1994)
Elaphe guttata meahllmorum SMITH et al. 1994: 259
Elaphe guttata meahllmorum — CROTHER 2000: 61
Pantherophis emoryi meahllmorum — COLLINS et al. 2008
Pantherophis emoryi meahllmorum — SKUBOWSKI 2012
Pantherophis emoryi meahllmorum — MARSHALL et al. 2021

Pantherophis emoryi slowinskii (BURBRINK 2002)
Elaphe slowinskii BURBRINK 2002
Pantherophis slowinskii — JIANG et al. 2007
Pantherophis slowinskii — CROTHER et al. 2012
Pantherophis slowinskii — WALLACH et al. 2014: 530
Pantherophis emoryi slowinskii — MARSHALL et al. 2021 
DistributionUSA (SW Illinois, Kansas to SE Colorado and E New Mexico and south through Texas; disjunct areas in NE Utah)
N Mexico (to San Luis Potosí and N Veracruz, Chihuahua, N Durango, Coahuila, Nuevo Leon, Tamaulipas, Quéretaro, Jalisco, Hidalgo, Aguascalientes, Guanajuato)

emoryi: Type locality: Howard Springs, Texas. Dowling (1951) pointed out that this locality is [ca.] 20 miles southwest of Ozona in Crockett County, Texas, and was not “Howard Springs, Oklahoma” as cited in Schmidt (1953). See Remarks.

meahllmorum: USA (S Texas), Mexico (San Luis Potosí and N Veracruz, Chihuahua, N Durango, Coahuila, Nuevo Leon, Tamaulipas, Quéretaro); Type locality: El Salto, San Luis Potosí, Mexico.

slowinskii: USA (Louisiana, E Texas); Type locality: Longleaf Pine Highway, 0.5 miles west of Hwy 119, Natchitoches Parish, Louisiana, USA  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: lost, was USNM 2257, (lost fide Dowling,1951, Wallach et al. 2014), USNM 2252 fide USNM type catalog (but also lost).
Holotype: LSUM 55922 [slowinskii]
Holotype: UCM 46009, paratypes: MPM, ASUMZ, UIMNH, KU, UCM, UTA, EAL, UO, UTEP [meahllmorum] 
DiagnosisAdditional details, e.g. a detailed description or comparisons (6259 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentHybridization: Vaughan et al. (1996 Texas Journal of Science 48(1): 175-190) in their detailed study clearly demonstrated that the defined, diagnosed, allopatric population emoryi is a distinct species (see the map on page 185). However, it intergrades with Elaphe guttata guttata in S-Arkansas, NW-Louisiana and adjacent E-Texas (STEBBINS 1985).

Subspecies: Pantherophis emoryi meahllmorum (SMITH et al. 1994) was synonymized with emoryi (BURBRINK 2002), but revalidated by Marshall et al. 2021.

Distribution: See Marshall et al. 2021 also for a map of the 3 subspecies and the areas of intergradation.

Synonymy partly after BURBRINK 2002.

Habitat: partly arboreal (Harrington et al. 2018). 
EtymologyThe specific epithet is a patronym honoring the collector, William Hemsley Emory.

P. e. meahllmorum (pronounced as though spelled "mealmorum") is derived from the names of 11 associates of HMS to whom he is indebted particularly for absolutely vital aid in preparation for publication of volume seven of the series jointly authored by himself and his wife and co-worker, Rozella B. Smith, entitled A Synopsis of the Herpetofauna of Mexico. The new name is a collective, proposed in honor of the following individuals, now or formerly at the University of Colorado, listed with their designated letters in the order of occurrence IN the name: m, Dr. Michael J. Preston, Department of English; e, Mary E. Marcotte, EPOB (Department of Environmental, Population and Organismic Biology) secretary; a, Ann E. Carrington, do.; h, Laura J. Heigl, do.; l, Linda K. Bowden, do.; l, Dr. William M Lewis, Chairman, EPOB; m, Dr. Michael D. Breed, EPOB, former Chairman; o, Phyllis A. O'Connell, EPOB secretary; r, Dean Charles R. Middleton, College of Arts and Sciences; u, Dr. Shi-Kuei Wu, Curator of Zoology, University of Colorado Museum; and m, Dr. Michael C. Grant, EPOB, former Chairman.

P. e. slowinskii was named after Joseph Bruno Slowinski (1963-2001), American herpetologist, who died from snakebite at age 38. For an obituary see Donnelly & Crother 2003. For more biographical details see James (2008). 
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