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Parahydrophis mertoni (ROUX, 1910)

IUCN Red List - Parahydrophis mertoni - Data Deficient, DD
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Higher TaxaElapidae (Hydrophiinae), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Arafura smooth or northern mangrove seasnake 
SynonymDistira mertoni ROUX 1910: 222
Hydrophis mertoni — DE ROOIJ 1917: 233
Parahydrophis mertoni — BURGER & NATSUNO 1974
Parahydrophis mertoni — COGGER 1983: 254
Parahydrophis mertoni — WELCH 1994: 97
Parahydrophis mertoni — COGGER 2000: 721
Parahydrophis mertoni — WILSON & SWAN 2010
Parahydrophis mertoni — WALLACH et al. 2014: 532
Parahydrophis mertoni — COGGER 2014: 968
Parahydrophis mertoni — EIPPER & EIPPER 2024: 280 
DistributionPapua New Guinea (Arafura Sea)
Australia (Northern Territory, Queensland)

Type locality: Sungei Waskei (also as Sungi Waskai), Wokam, Aru Is., Indonesia.  
Reproductionovoviviparous 
TypesHolotype: NMBA 6246 (= NHMB) 
DiagnosisAdditional details, e.g. a detailed description or comparisons (777 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentVenomous!

Habitat: marine.

Type species: Distira mertoni ROUX 1910: 222 is the type species of the genus Parahydrophis  BURGER & NATSUNO 1974. 
Etymologynamed after Hugo Merton, doctor in Frankfurt.

The genus Parahydrophis was presumably named after the Greek para and the base genus Hydrophis, the genus to which the species had often been assigned. Derivation not stated by Burger & Natsuno (1974). 
References
  • Burger W. L. and Natsuno, T. 1974. A new genus for the Arafura Smooth Seasnake and redefinitions of other seasnake genera. The Snake 6: 61-75.
  • Cogger, H. G. 1975. The sea snakes of Australia and New Guinea. pp. 59-139 in Dunson, W. (ed. ) The Biology of Sea Snakes. Baltimore: University Park Press
  • Cogger, H. G. 2014. Reptiles and Amphibians of Australia, 7th ed. CSIRO Publishing, xxx + 1033 pp. - get paper here
  • Cogger, H.G. 2000. Reptiles and Amphibians of Australia, 6th ed. Ralph Curtis Publishing, Sanibel Island, 808 pp.
  • de Rooij, N. DE 1917. The Reptiles of the Indo-Australian Archipelago. Il. Ophidia. Leiden (E. J. Brill), xiv + 334 S. - get paper here
  • Eipper T & Eipper S 2024. SNAKES OF AUSTRALIA. Princeton University Press, Princeton and Oxford, 368 pp. - get paper here
  • Jolly, C., Schembri, B., & Macdonald, S. 2023. Field Guide to the Reptiles of the Northern Territory. CSIRO Publishing, Melbourne - get paper here
  • McDowell, S. B. 1969. Notes on the Australian sea-snake Ephalophis greyi M. Smith (Serpentes: Elapidae: Hydrophiinae) and the origin and classification of sea-snakes. Zool. J. Linnean Soc. 48: 333-349 - get paper here
  • O’Shea, M. 2018. The Book of Snakes. Ivy Press / Quarto Publishing, London, - get paper here
  • O’Shea,M. 1996. A Guide to the Snakes of Papua New Guinea. Independent Publishing, Port Moresby, xii + 239 pp. - get paper here
  • RASMUSSEN, ARNE REDSTED; KATE LAURA SANDERS, MICHAEL L. GUINEA & ANDREW P. AMEY 2014. Sea snakes in Australian waters (Serpentes: subfamilies Hydrophiinae and Laticaudinae)—a review with an updated identification key. Zootaxa 3869 (4): 351–371 - get paper here
  • Roux,J. 1910. Reptilien und Amphibien der Aru- und Kei-Inseln. Abh. senckenb. naturf. Ges. (Frankfurt) 33: 211-247 - get paper here
  • Shine, Richard; Claire Goiran, Catherine Shilton, Shai Meiri, Gregory P Brown 2019. The life aquatic: an association between habitat type and skin thickness in snakes. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, blz136 - get paper here
  • Smith, M. A. 1926. Monograph on the Sea Snakes. (Hydrophiidae). London: British Museum, xvii + 130 pp.
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
  • Wilson, S. & Swan, G. 2010. A complete guide to reptiles of Australia, 3rd ed. Chatswood: New Holland, 558 pp.
 
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