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Parvoscincus duwendorum SILER, LINKEM, COBB, WATTERS, CUMMINGS, DIESMOS & BROWN, 2014

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Higher TaxaScincidae, Sphenomorphinae (Sphenomorphini), Scincoidea, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Cordillera Aquatic Skink 
SynonymParvoscincus duwendorum SILER, LINKEM, COBB, WATTERS, CUMMINGS, DIESMOS & BROWN 2014
Parvoscincus leucospilos — LINKEM et al. 2011 (part) 
DistributionPhilippines (Luzon)

Type locality: Mt. Pao, Barangay Adams, Municipality of Adams, Ilocos Norte Province, Luzon Island, Philippines (N: 18.438°, E: 120.878°; WGS-84; 750 m in elevation.  
Reproduction 
TypesHolotype: PNM 9793 (RMB Field No. 14261, formerly KU 329929), subadult, collected on 18 June 2011, by RMB. 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Parvoscincus duwendorum can be distinguished from congeners by the following combination of characters: (1) adult body size presumed medium (subadult SVL 33.5 mm); (2) Toe-IV lamellae 12; (3) supralabials seven; (4) infralabials eight; (5) midbody scale rows 26; (6) paravertebral scale rows 60; (7) prefrontals separated; (8) prefrontals contact first supraocular; (9) frontoparietals fused; (10) head pigmentation moderately mottled; (11) upper arm pigmentation present, patchy; (12) cloacal scale dark pigmentation absent; (13) subcaudal pigmentation absent; (14) dorsal white spots faint; (15) dorsal white bands 15; (16) tail dorsolaterally compressed; and (17) semi-aquatic (Tables 2, 3 in Siler et al. 2014).


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CommentAbundance: only known from the type specimen (Meiri et al. 2017). 
EtymologyThe specific epithet is a plaural derivation of the Filipino folklore term “Duwende,” which is chosen here to celebrate the country’s rich tradition of mythological forest animals and spirits. Duwendes are believed to be little fairy-like forest creatures, such as goblins, pixies, and elves, and believed to live in trees, termite mounds, and burrows in hillsides. The may bring bad or good fortune to humans and are often considered to be mischievous in nature. 
References
  • Gojo-Cruz, Paul Henric P. and Leticia E. Afuang 2018. The Zoogeographic Significance of Caraballo Mountain Range, Luzon Island, Philippines With Focus on the Biogeography of Luzon’s Herpetofauna. Philippine Journal of Science 147 (3): 393-409 - get paper here
  • GOJO-CRUZ, Paul Henric P.; Leticia E. AFUANG, Juan Carlos T. GONZALEZ and William SM. GRUEZO 2018. Amphibians and Reptiles of Luzon Island, Philippines: the Herpetofauna of Pantabangan-Carranglan Watershed, Nueva Ecija Province, Caraballo Mountain Range. Asian Herpetological Research 9(4): 201–223 - get paper here
  • Meiri, Shai; Aaron M. Bauer, Allen Allison, Fernando Castro-Herrera, Laurent Chirio, Guarino Colli, Indraneil Das, Tiffany M. Doan, Frank Glaw, Lee L. Grismer, Marinus Hoogmoed, Fred Kraus, Matthew LeBreton, Danny Meirte, Zoltán T. Nagy, Cristiano d 2017. Extinct, obscure or imaginary: the lizard species with the smallest ranges. Diversity and Distributions - get paper here
  • Siler, Cameron D.; CHARLES W. LINKEM, KERRY COBB, JESSA L. WATTERS, SEAN T. CUMMINGS, ARVIN C. DIESMOS & RAFE M. BROWN 2014. Taxonomic revision of the semi-aquatic skink Parvoscincus leucospilos (Reptilia: Squamata: Scincidae), with description of three new species. Zootaxa 3847 (3): 388–412 - get paper here
 
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