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Philodryas varia (JAN, 1863)

IUCN Red List - Philodryas varia - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaColubridae (Dipsadinae), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Jan's Green Racer 
SynonymLiophis wagleri var. varia JAN 1863: 301
Philodryas borelli PERACCA 1897: 14
Philodryas bolivianus — BOULENGER 1896: 132
Liophis bolivianus WERNER 1909: 222 (part.)
Philodryas bolivianus SERIÉ 1921
Philodryas psammophideus — AMARAL 1926
Philodryas psammophideus — PETERS & OREJAS-MIRANDA 1970 (part.)
Philodryas patagoniensis haywardi LAURENT 1973
Philodryas borelli — THOMAS, LAURENT & BARRIO 1977
Philodryas varius — THOMAS & JAHNSON 1984
Philodryas varius — VANZOLINI in PETERS & OREJAS-MIRANDA 1986: 21
Philodryas varius — CEI 1993
Philodryas varius — GIRAUDO & SCROCCHI 2002
Philodryas varia — ZAHER et al. 2008
Philodryas varia — GRAZZIOTIN et al. 2012
Philodryas varia — WALLACH et al. 2014: 553
Philodryas varia — MELO-SAMPAIO et al. 2020 
DistributionBolivia (Cochabamba, Tarija, Santa Cruz de la Sierra),
Argentina (Catamarca, Tucumán, Salta, Jujuy)

Type locality: Veracruz (mistake for Santa Cruz de la Sierra), Bolivia.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: MNHN-RA 7502, a 380-387 mm male (A. d'Orbigny, 1834) 
Diagnosis 
CommentSynonymy: P. borelli has been revalidated by THOMAS et al. (1977) and then synonymized with P. varius by THOMAS & JOHNSON (1984). Before it has been synonymized with Philodryas psammophideus by PETERS & OREJAS-MIRANDA 1970 who don’t mention Philodryas varius. Synonymy after CEI 1993.

Habitat: fully arboreal (Harrington et al. 2018). 
EtymologyNamed after Latin varia, colored; party colored, variegated. [?]. (from Esteban Lavilla, pers. comm., May 2024) 
References
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1896. Catalogue of the snakes in the British Museum, Vol. 3. London (Taylor & Francis), xiv + 727 pp. - get paper here
  • Cei, J. M. 1993. Reptiles del noroeste, nordeste y este de la Argentina. Museo Regionale Sci. Naturale Torino, Monografie 14: 1-949
  • D'agostini, F.M., 1998. Variação da folidoe de Philodryas aestivus (DUMÉRIL, BIBRON et DUMÉRIL, 1854) e a invalidação das subespécies (Serpentes, Colubridae, Xenodontinae, Philodryadini). Biociências 6: 169-182.
  • Grazziotin, Felipe G.; Hussam Zaher, Robert W. Murphy, Gustavo Scrocchi, Marco A. Benavides, Ya-Ping Zhang and Sandro L. Bonatto 2012. Molecular phylogeny of the New World Dipsadidae (Serpentes: Colubroidea): a reappraisal. Cladistics DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-0031.2012.00393.x - get paper here
  • Harrington, Sean M; Jordyn M de Haan, Lindsey Shapiro, Sara Ruane 2018. Habits and characteristics of arboreal snakes worldwide: arboreality constrains body size but does not affect lineage diversification. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 125 (1): 61–71 - get paper here
  • Jan, G. 1863. Enumerazione sistematica degli ofidi appartenenti al gruppo Coronellidae. Arch. Zool. Anat. Fisiol. 2 (2): 213-330 [1862] - get paper here
  • Melo-Sampaio, P. R., Passos, P., Martins, A. R., Moura-leite, J. C., Morato, S. A., Venegas, P. J., Chávez G., Venâncio N.M. & De Souza, M. B. 2020. A phantom on the trees: integrative taxonomy supports a reappraisal of rear-fanged snakes classification (Dipsadidae: Philodryadini). Zoologischer Anzeiger 290: 19-39 [dated 2021 in print version, but 2020 published online] - get paper here
  • Peracca, M. G. 1897. Rettili e Anfibi. Viaggio del Dott. Alfredo Borelli nel Chaco boliviano e nella Repubblica Argentina. Bollettino dei Musei di Zoologia ed Anatomia Comparata della R. Università di Torino, 12 (274): 1-19. - get paper here
  • Scrocchi, G.J.; Moreta, J.C. & Kretzschmar, S. 2006. Serpientes del Noroeste Argento [Jujuy, Salta, Tucumán, Catamarca, La Rioja, Santiago del Estero]. Fundación Miguel Lillo, Tucumán, 178 pp.
  • Thomas, R. A.; Barrio, A.; Laurent, R. F. 1977. Philodryas borellii Peracca (Serpentes: Colubridae), a distinct species. Herpetologica 33 (1): 82-86 - get paper here
  • Thomas, R.A. & JOHNSON, J.D. 1984. Philodryas varius (Jan, 1863), a senior synonym of Philodryas borellii Peracca (Serpentes: Colubridae). Journal of Herpetology 18 (1): 80 - get paper here
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
  • Werner,F. 1909. Über neue oder seltene Reptilien des Naturhistorischen Museums in Hamburg. Jahrb. Hamb. wiss. Anst. suppl. 2 (Mitt. Naturhist. Mus. Hamb. 1908) 26: 205-247 - get paper here
  • Zaher, H.; Scrocchi, G. & Masiero, R. 2008. Rediscovery and redescription of the type of Philodryas laticeps Werner, 1900 and the taxonomic status of P. oligolepis Gomes, 1921 (Serpentes, Colubridae). Zootaxa 1940: 25–40 - get paper here
 
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