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Pholidobolus vertebralis (O’SHAUGHNESSY, 1879)

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Higher TaxaGymnophthalmidae (Cercosaurinae), Sauria, Gymnophthalmoidea, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Brown Prionodactylus
S: Lagartija minadora subtropical 
SynonymCercosaura (Pantodactylus) vertebralis O’SHAUGHNESSY 1879: 298
Prionodactylus vertebralis — BOULENGER 1885: 394
Prionodactylus palmeri BOULENGER 1908: 518
Prionodactylus vertebralis — WERNER 1916: 307
Prionodactylus marianus RUTHVEN 1921
Euspondylus ampuedae LANCINI 1968
Prionodactylus vertebralis — PETERS et al. 1970: 236
Prionodactylus vertebralis — VILLA et al. 1988
Prionodactylus ampuedai — LA MARCA & GARCIA-PEREZ 1990
Prionodactylus vertebralis — KÖHLER 2000: 104
Prionodactylus ampuedai — MIJARES-URRUTIA 2001
Cercosaura vertebralis — DOAN 2003
Cercosaura ampuedai — RIVAS et al. 2012
Cercosaura ampuedae — PYRON & BURBRINK 2013
Pholidobolus vertebralis — TORRES-CARVAJAL et al. 2015 
DistributionPanama, Ecuador, Colombia, NW Peru (Piura, Cajamarca, elevation 1200-2500 m)

Type locality: Intac, Ecuador.

ampuedai: Venezuela (Tachira), Colombia; Type locality: Venezuela, Tachira, Villa Paez, 2000 m elevation (both holotype and neotype)

Elevation: 700–2500 m (DOAN & LAMAR 2012).  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: BMNH 1946.8.31.35
Holotype: MCNC 5223 (lost fide MIJARES-URRUTIA 2001) [ampuedai]
Neotype: MCNC 7544 [ampuedai]
Holotype: UMMZ [marianus] 
DiagnosisAdditional details, e.g. a detailed description or comparisons (2374 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentSynonymy mainly that of PETERS et al. 1970. C. ampuedai has been synonymized with P. vertebralis by UZZELL (1973) and DOAN (2003). Some populations of P. vertebralis have been assigned to P. paramuno. 
EtymologyApparently named after the Latin vertebra (backbone) plus the suffix -alis (belonging to), in reference to the vertebral stripe.

Prionodactylus ampuedai has been named after the collector, Ramón Ampueda. 
References
  • Arteaga AF, Bustamante-Enríquez LM and Guayasamin JM 2013. The Amphibians and Reptiles of Mindo. http://www.tropicalherping.com - get paper here
  • Averill-Murray, R.C. & Averill-Murray, A. 2017. Notes on activity and habitat use of Pholidobolus vertebralis (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae) at a cloud forest reserve in Ecuador. Herpetological Review 48 (4): 728-730 - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1885. Catalogue of the lizards in the British Museum (Natural History). Vol. 2, Second edition. London, xiii+497 pp. - get paper here
  • Boulenger, George A. 1908. Descriptions of new batrachians and reptiles discovered by Mr. M. G. Palmer in South-western Colombia. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (8) 2 (12): 515-522 - get paper here
  • Carrera, C. et al. 2009. Guía de Campo de los Pequeños Vertebrados del Distrito Metropolitano de Quito (DMQ). Publicación Miscelánea N° 5. Serie de Publicaciones del Museo Ecuatoriano de Ciencias Naturales (MECN) – Fondo Ambiental del MDMQ. 1-89 pp. Imprenta Nuevo Arte. Quito-Ecuador.
  • Castro-Herrera, F. & Vargas-Salinas, F. 2008. Anfibios y reptiles en el departamento del Valle del Cauca, Colombia. Biota Colombiana 9 (2): 251 - 277 - get paper here
  • Castro-Herrera, F.; Bolívar-García, W. & Herrera-Montes, M.I. 2007. Guía de los Anfibios y Reptiles des Bosque de Yotoco, Valle deel Cauca, Colombia. Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia, 70 pp. - get paper here
  • Doan, T.M. 2003. A new phylogenetic classification for the gymnophthalmid genera Cercosaura, Pantodactylus and Prionodactylus (Reptilia: Squamata). Zool. J. Linnean Soc. 137 (1): 101-115 - get paper here
  • Doan, Tiffany M.; Juan C. Cusi 2014. Geographic distribution of Cercosaura vertebralis O’Shaughnessy, 1879 (Reptilia: Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae) and the status of Cercosaura ampuedai (Lancini, 1968). Check List 10 (5): 1195-1200 - get paper here
  • Fang, José M.; Juan D. Vásquez-Restrepo & Juan M. Daza 2020. Filling the gaps in a highly diverse Neotropical lizard lineage: a new and endemic genus of Cercosaurinae (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae) with the description of two new species from the Northern Andes of Colombia. Systematics and Biodiversity, DOI: 10.1080/14772000.2020.1783714 - get paper here
  • Hernández Ruz, E.J. 2005. Notas taxonómicas y biológicas de Cercosaura ampuedai (Lancini, 1968) (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae) en la vertiente oriental de la Cordillera Oriental de Colombia. Publicações Avulsas do Instituto Pau Brasil de Historia Natural (São Paulo) 8-9: 1-14
  • Hurtado-Gómez, Juan P.; Juan C. Arredondo, Pedro M. Sales-Nunes and Juan M. Daza 2018. A New Species of Pholidobolus (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae) from the Paramo Ecosystem in the Northern Andes of Colombia. South American Journal of Herpetology 13 (3): 271–286 - get paper here
  • Kluge, Arnold G. 1984. Type-specimens of reptiles in the University of Michigan Museum of Zoology. [type catalogue] Miscellaneous publications, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan (167): 1-85 - get paper here
  • Köhler, G. 2000. Reptilien und Amphibien Mittelamerikas, Bd 1: Krokodile, Schildkröten, Echsen. Herpeton Verlag, Offenbach, 158 pp.
  • La Marca E; Garcia Perez J E 1990. Prionodactylus ampuedai (Sauria: teiidae): a new lizard record for Colombia, with taxonomic comments on the species. Bull. Maryland Herp. Soc. 26: 111-115 - get paper here
  • Lancini V, A.R. 1968. El genero Euspondylus (Sauria: Teiidae) en Venezuela. Publ. Ocas. Mus. Cienc. Nat. Caracas 12: 1-8
  • Mijares-Urrutia, A. 2001. TaxonomÌa de algunos microtéidos de Venezuela (Squamata), II: Situación nomenclatural de Prionodactylus ampuedai y Prionodactylus phelpsorum. Revista de BiologÌa Tropical, 48 (2/3): 681-688 (2000) - get paper here
  • O’Shaughnessy,A.W.E. 1879. Description of new species of lizards in the collection of the British Museum. Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 4: 295-303 - get paper here
  • Páez, V.P. et al. 2002. Guía de campo de algunas especies de anfibios y reptiles de Antioquia. Universidad de Antioquia, - get paper here
  • Palacio-Baena, Jaime Alberto; Eliana María Muñoz Escobar; Sandra Milena Gallo Delgado; Mauricio Rivera Correa 2006. ANFIBIOS Y REPTILES DEL VALLE DE ABURRÁ Editorial Zuluaga, 92 pp. - get paper here
  • Peters, James A. & Donoso-Barros, Roberto 1970. Catalogue of the Neotropical Squamata: Part II. Lizards and Amphisbaenians. Bull. US Natl. Mus. 297: 293 pp. - get paper here
  • Pyron, R. Alexander; Frank T. Burbrink 2013. Early origin of viviparity and multiple reversions to oviparity in squamate reptiles. Ecology Letters 17 (1): 13–21 (published online 2013, in print 2014), DOI: 10.1111/ele.12168 - get paper here
  • Ramos-Pallares, Eliana, Fabio L. Meza-Joya and Martha P. Ramírez-Pinilla. 2013. A case of communal egg laying in a population of Cercosaura ampuedai (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae) in the Colombian Andes. Herpetological Review 44 (2): 226-229 - get paper here
  • RIVAS, GILSON A.; CÉSAR R. MOLINA, GABRIEL N. UGUETO, TITO R. BARROS, CÉSAR L. BAR- RIO-AMORÓS & PHILIPPE J. R. KOK 2012. Reptiles of Venezuela: an updated and commented checklist. Zootaxa 3211: 1–64 - get paper here
  • Rojas-Morales, Julián Andrés, Héctor Fabio Arias-Monsalve y Gustavo A. González-Durán 2014. Anibios y reptiles de la región centro-sur del departamento de Caldas, Colombia. Biota Colombiana 15 (1): 73-93 - get paper here
  • Ruthven, Alexander G. 1921. Description of an apparently new lizard from Colombia. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan (103): 1-4 - get paper here
  • Torres-Carvajal O, Pazmiño-Otamendi G, Salazar-Valenzuela D. 2019. Reptiles of Ecuador: a resource-rich portal, with a dynamic checklist and photographic guides. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 13 (1): [General Section]: 209–229 (e178) - get paper here
  • Torres-Carvajal, Omar; Simón E. Lobos, Pablo J. Venegas 2015. Phylogeny of Neotropical Cercosaura (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae) lizards. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 93: 281–288 - get paper here
  • Venegas PJ, Echevarría LY, Lobos SE, Sales-Nunes PM, and Torres-Carvajal O. 2016. A new species of Andean microteiid lizard (Gymnophthalmidae: Cercosaurinae: Pholidobolus) from Peru, with comments on P. vertebralis. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 10 (1) [Special Section]: 21–33 (e121) - get paper here
  • Villa, J., Wilson, L.D., Johnson, J.D. 1988. Middle American Herpetology - A Bibliographic Checklist. University of Missouri Press, 132 pp [review in Copeia 1989 (3): 802]
  • Werner,F. 1916. Bemerkungen über einige niedere Wirbeltiere der Anden von Kolumbien mit Beschreibungen neuer Arten. Zool. Anz. 47: 301-311 - get paper here
 
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