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Phyllodactylus leoni TORRES-CARVAJAL, CARVAJAL-CAMPOS BARNES, NICHOLLS & POZO-ANDRADE, 2013

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Higher TaxaPhyllodactylidae, Gekkota, Sauria, Squamata (lizards: geckos)
Subspecies 
Common Names 
SynonymPhyllodactylus leoni TORRES-CARVAJAL, CARVAJAL-CAMPOS BARNES, NICHOLLS & POZO-ANDRADE 2013 
DistributionEcuador (Azuay)

Type locality: upper valley of Río León (3.450°S, 79.1667°W, 1,855 m elevation) near the Río León bridge on the old Oña-Cuenca road, Provincia Azuay, Ecuador.  
Reproductionoviparous (not imputed, fide Zimin et al. 2022) 
TypesHolotype: QCAZ 9924, an adult male, collected on 11 October 2009 by O. Torres-Carvajal, P. Mafla, and S. Báez. Paratypes.—Ecuador: Provincia Azuay: QCAZ 9923, 9925– 9928, same collection data as the holotype; QCAZ 8652–8653, type locality, collected on 27 June 2008 by O. Torres-Carvajal, E. Arbeláez, A. Carvajal-Campos, and D. Salazar-Valenzuela; QCAZ 4464–4466, 4487, type locality, collected on 8 July 2011 by D. Salazar-Valenzuela, P. Loaiza, M. Read, E. Arbeláez, and J. M. Falcón. Provincia Loja: QCAZ 11122–11124, La Papaya, 3831.7890S, 79816.5850W, 1,971 m, collected on 20 December 2010 by D. Salazar-Valenzuela, P. Loaiza, and L. Bustamante. 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Together with P. pumilus and P. reissii, the new species can be distinguished from other species of Phyllodactylus from mainland South America by the combination of the following characters: preanal scales similar in size to other ventral scales, well-defined longitudinal rows of tubercles dorsally, a medial longitudinal row of enlarged caudal scales ventrally, tubercles on dorsal surface of tibia present, enlarged postanal scale absent, and tubercles on dorsal surface of forearm absent. From P. pumilus (character states in parentheses) the new species differs in having interorbital scales homogeneous in size (Fig. 1; supraoculars largest of interorbital series; Dixon and Huey, 1970) and in lacking enlarged scales on proximal one- fourth of the tail (at least two rows of enlarged scales; Dixon and Huey, 1970). From P. reissii the new species differs in having granular gular scales (flat and juxtaposed or subimbricate in P. reissii) and in being smaller (55 mm vs. 75 mm maximum SVL). 
Comment 
EtymologyThe specific epithet leoni is a noun in apposition and refers to the León River. All type specimens of Phyllodactylus leoni were collected in the León River valley close to the Pan American highway, Provincias Azuay and Loja. 
References
  • Torres-Carvajal O, Pazmiño-Otamendi G, Salazar-Valenzuela D. 2019. Reptiles of Ecuador: a resource-rich portal, with a dynamic checklist and photographic guides. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 13 (1): [General Section]: 209–229 (e178) - get paper here
  • Torres-Carvajal, Omar; Amaranta Carvajal-Campos, Charles W. Barnes, Gabriela Nicholls, and María J. Pozo-Andrade 2013. A New Andean Species of Leaf-toed Gecko (Phyllodactylidae: Phyllodactylus) from Ecuador. Journal of Herpetology Jun 2013, Vol. 47, No. 2: 384-390. - get paper here
  • Zimin, A., Zimin, S. V., Shine, R., Avila, L., Bauer, A., Böhm, M., Brown, R., Barki, G., de Oliveira Caetano, G. H., Castro Herrera, F., Chapple, D. G., Chirio, L., Colli, G. R., Doan, T. M., Glaw, F., Grismer, L. L., Itescu, Y., Kraus, F., LeBreton 2022. A global analysis of viviparity in squamates highlights its prevalence in cold climates. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 00, 1–16 - get paper here
 
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