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Plestiodon marginatus HALLOWELL, 1861

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Higher TaxaScincidae, Scincinae, Scincoidea, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Ousima Skink 
SynonymPlestiodon marginatus HALLOWELL 1861: 492
Eumeces marginatus — BOULENGER 1887
Eumeces marginatus — HEILPRIN 1888: 26
Eumeces marginatus — STEJNEGER 1907: 205
Eumeces marginatus — THOMPSON 1912: 4
Eumeces marginatus — TAYLOR 1936: 267
Eumeces marginatus — GRIFFITH, NGO & MURPHY 2000
Plestiodon marginatus — SCHMITZ et al. 2004
Eumeces marginatus — GORIS & MAEDA 2004
Plestiodon marginatus — HONDA et al. 2008 
DistributionJapan (Riu Kiu Islands, Okinawa group, Amami group, Tokara group)

Type locality: "Oushima" (= Amamioshima Island) and "Loo
Choo Island" (= Okinawajima Island)  
Reproductionoviparous (not imputed, fide Zimin et al. 2022) 
TypesLectotype: USNM 11713 (designated by STEJNEGER 1907), Syntype: ANSP 9309 (fide TAYLOR 1936: 27) 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Taylor 1936: 267 
CommentSynonymy unclear since STEJNEGER (1907: 195) lists “Eumeces marginatus BOULENGER 1887 [...] (not of Hallowell)”. In addition, STEJNEGER synonymizes Eumeces marginatus with Eumeces latiscutatus.

Distribution: MOTOKAWA & HIKIDA (2003) showed that specimens from Tokara Island have been previously identified as E. latiscutatus. Reports from Taiwan represent E. elegans (HIKIDA 1989). Map: KURITA & HIKIDA 2014: 188

Subspecies: The subspecies amamiensis and kikaigensis are now considered as synonyms of P. oshimensis. 
References
  • Barbour, T. 1917. A most regretable tangle of names. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan (44): 1-9 - get paper here
  • Barbour, Thomas 1909. Notes on Amphibia and Reptilia from Eastern Asia. Proc. New England zool. Club 4: 53-78, 2 plates - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G. A. 1887. Catalogue of the lizards in the British Museum (Nat. Hist.) III. Lacertidae, Gerrhosauridae, Scincidae, Anelytropsidae, Dibamidae, Chamaeleontidae. London: 575 pp. - get paper here
  • BRANDLEY, MATTHEW C.; OTA, HIDETOSHI; HIKIDA, TSUTOMU; NIETO MONTES DE OCA, ADRIAN; FERIA-ORTIZ, MANUEL; GUO, XIANGUANG; WANG, YUEZHAO 2012. The phylogenetic systematics of blue-tailed skinks (Plestiodon) and the family Scincidae. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 165 (1): 163-189 - get paper here
  • Goris, R.C. & Maeda, N. 2004. Guide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of Japan. Krieger, Malabar, 285 pp.
  • Griffith, H., A. Ngo & R. W. Murphy 2000. A cladistic evaluation of the cosmopolitan genus Eumeces Wiegmann (Reptilia, Squamata, Scincidae). Russ. J. Herpetol. 7 (1): 1-16 - get paper here
  • Hallowell, E. 1861. Report upon the Reptilia of the North Pacific Exploring Expedition, under command of Capt. John Rogers, U. S. N. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 12 [1860]: 480 - 510 - get paper here
  • Heilprin, A. 1888. On the affinities of the North-Amerian lizard fauna. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (6) 1: 24-27 - get paper here
  • Hikida T 1989. The Ryukyu Blue-tailed Skink, Eumeces marginatus Not Distributed in Taiwan. Journal of Taiwan Museum 42 (1): 81-88 - get paper here
  • Hikida T. & Ota H. 1997. Biogeography of reptiles in the subtropical East Asian Islands. Proc. Symposium Phylogeny, Biogeography Cons. Fauna Flora East Asian Region, pp. 11-28
  • Hikida, T. & Motokawa, J. 1999. Phylogeographical relationships of the skinks of the genus Eumeces (Reptilia; Scincidae) in East Asia. in: Ota, H. (ed.) Tropical Island Herpetofauna, pp. 231-247 - get paper here
  • Honda, M.; Okamoto, T.; Hikida, T. & Ota, H. 2008. Molecular Phylogeography of the Endemic Five-lined Skink ( Plestiodon marginatus) ( Reptilia: Scincidae) of the Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan, with Special Reference to the Relationship of a Northern Tokara Population. Pacific Science 62 (3): 351 – 362 - get paper here
  • Kurita, Kazuki and Tsutomu Hikida 2014. A New Species of Plestiodon (Squamata: Scincidae) from Kuchinoshima Island in the Tokara Group of the Northern Ryukyus, Japan. . Zoological Science 31 (7): 464-474, doi: 10.2108/zs130267 - get paper here
  • Kurita, Kazuki and Tsutomu Hikida 2014. Divergence and Long-Distance Overseas Dispersals of Island Populations of the Ryukyu Five-Lined Skink, Plestiodon Marginatus (Scincidae: Squamata), in the Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan, as Revealed by Mitochondrial DNA Phylogeography. Zoological Science 31, No. 4: 187-194. - get paper here
  • Liu-Yu, M.C. 1970. Studies on Taiwan lizards. Biol. Bull. Taiwan Normal Univ. 5: 51-93
  • Motokawa, Junko and Tsutomu Hikida 2003. Genetic variation and differentiation in the Japanese Five-line skink, Eumeces latiscutatus (Reptilia: Squamata). Zoological Science 20 (1): 97-106 - get paper here
  • Okamoto, Taku 2016. Historical Biogeography of the Terrestrial Reptiles of Japan: A Comparative Analysis of Geographic Ranges and Molecular Phylogenies. Species Diversity of Animals in Japan, pp 135-163; DOI<br />10.1007/978-4-431-56432-4_5 - get paper here
  • Ollonen, J., Khannoon, E. R., Macrì, S., Vergilov, V., Kuurne, J., Saarikivi, J., ... & Di-Poï, N. 2024. Dynamic evolutionary interplay between ontogenetic skull patterning and whole-head integration. Nature Ecology & Evolution, 1-16 - get paper here
  • Schmitz, Andreas; Patrick Mausfeld and Dirk Embert 2004. Molecular studies on the genus Eumeces Wiegmann, 1834: phylogenetic relationships and taxonomic implications. Hamadryad 28 (1-2): 73 – 89 - get paper here
  • Slevin, Joseph R.;Leviton, Alan E. 1956. Holotype specimens of reptiles and amphibians in the collection of the California Academy of Sciences. [type catalogue] Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. 28 (14): 529-560 - get paper here
  • Stejneger, LEONHARD H. 1907. Herpetology of Japan and adjacent territory. Bull. US Natl. Mus. 58: xx, 1-577 - get paper here
  • Taylor, E. H. 1936. A taxonomic study of the cosmopolitan lizards of the genus Eumeces with an account of the distribution and relationship of its species. Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull. 23 (14): 1-643 [1935] - get paper here
  • Terentjev, P.V. 1923. Concerning the Question of the Presence of Eumeces marginatus Hall in Russia Copeia 119: 76. - get paper here
  • Thompson, J.C. 1912. Herpetological notices, No. 2. Prodrome of descriptions of new species of Reptilia and Batrachia from the Far East. Privately published, San Francisco.
  • Zimin, A., Zimin, S. V., Shine, R., Avila, L., Bauer, A., Böhm, M., Brown, R., Barki, G., de Oliveira Caetano, G. H., Castro Herrera, F., Chapple, D. G., Chirio, L., Colli, G. R., Doan, T. M., Glaw, F., Grismer, L. L., Itescu, Y., Kraus, F., LeBreton 2022. A global analysis of viviparity in squamates highlights its prevalence in cold climates. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 00, 1–16 - get paper here
 
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