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Pristurus omanensis BURRIEL-CARRANZA, KOPPETSCH, GARCIA-PORTA & CARRANZA, 2025

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Higher TaxaSphaerodactylidae, Gekkota, Sauria, Squamata (lizards: geckos)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Oman Semaphore Gecko 
SynonymPristurus omanensis BURRIEL-CARRANZA, KOPPETSCH, GARCIA-PORTA & CARRANZA in BURRIEL-CARRANZA et al. 2025: 58
Pristurus rupestris — ARNOLD 1977: 106 (part.)
Pristurus rupestris — ARNOLD 1986: 421 (part.)
Pristurus rupestris — ARNOLD 2009: 3 (part.)
Pristurus rupestris — VAN DER KOOIJ 2000: 116 (part.)
Pristurus rupestris — SINDACO & JEREMČENKO 2008: 122 (part.)
Pristurus rupestris — GARDNER 2013: 178 (part.)
Pristurus rupestris — BADIANE et al. 2014: 34 (part.) 
DistributionOman

Type locality: Tiwi, 12 m asl, Eastern Hajars (North Oman), 22.84441’N, 59.24189’E, WGS84.  
Reproduction 
TypesHolotype. ZFMK 104096 (sample code S8000), adult male, collected in November 2010 by J. Gar- cia-Porta (assigned to Pristurus rupestris rupestris candidate species 8 from Garcia-Porta et al. 2017 and to Pristurus rupestris BFD5 from Burriel-Carranza et al. 2024; see Table 1).
Paratypes. NHMOK 2657 (sample code S7541), adult male from Sumayyan road, 1,005 m asl, Eastern Hajars (North Oman), 22.83326’N, 58.98821’E, WGS84, collected in May 2011 by S. Carranza, F. Amat and E. Go ́mez-D ́ıaz (assigned to P. r. rupestris candidate species 9 from Garcia-Porta et al. 2017 and to Pristurus rupestris BFD5 from Burriel-Carranza et al. 2024; see Table 1) [27, 28]; MZB 2024–0988 (sample code S9012; MorphoBank M849884–M849886), adult male from Fulayj, 132 m asl, Eastern Hajars (North Oman), 22.42828’N, 59.35618’E, WGS84, collected in May 2011 by S. Carranza, F. Amat and E. Go ́mez-D ́ıaz (assigned to P. r. rupestris candidate species 9 from Garcia-Porta et al. 2017 and to Pristurus rupestris BFD5 from Burriel-Carranza et al. 2024; see Table 1) [27, 28]; IBES7508 (sample code S7508; Mor- phoBank M849878–M849882), adult male from Tiwi, 28 m asl, Eastern Hajars (North Oman), 22.8448’N, 59.24156’E, WGS84, collected in May 2011 by S. Carranza, F. Amat and E. Go ́mez- D ́ıaz (assigned to P. r. rupestris candidate species 8 from Garcia-Porta et al. 2017 and to Pris- turus rupestris BFD5 from Burriel-Carranza et al. 2024; see Table 1) [27, 28]; IBES7276 (sample code S7276; MorphoBank M849893–M849896), adult male from Fulayj, 212 m asl, Eastern Hajars (North Oman), 22.33769’N, 59.31128’E, WGS84, collected in May 2011 by S. Carranza, F. Amat and E. Go ́mez-D ́ıaz (assigned to P. r. rupestris candidate species 9 from Garcia-Porta et al. 2017 and to Pristurus rupestris BFD5 from Burriel-Carranza et al. 2024; see Table 1) [27, 28]; MZB 2024–0987 (sample code S7737; MorphoBank M849864–M849867), adult female from Ashila, 42 m asl, Eastern Hajars (North Oman), 21.95181’N, 59.6082’E, WGS84, collected in October 2010 by S. Carranza and F. Amat (assigned to P. r. rupestris candidate species 9 from Garcia-Porta et al. 2017 and to Pristurus rupestris BFD5 from Burriel-Carranza et al. 2024; see Table 1) [27, 28]; IBES7708 (sample code S7708; MorphoBank M849869–M849871), adult female from Al Ashkharah, 13 m asl, Eastern Hajars (North Oman), 21.84242’N, 59.56673’E, WGS84, collected in October 2010 by S. Carranza and F. Amat (assigned P. r. rupestris candidate species 9 from Garcia-Porta et al. 2017 and to Pristurus rupestris BFD5 from Burriel-Carranza et al. 2024; see Table 1) [27, 28]; IBECN4297 (sample code CN4297; MorphoBank M849873–M849876), adult female near Wadi Naam, 457 m asl, Eastern Hajars (North Oman), 22.70851’N, 58.77569’E, WGS84, collected in May 2013 by S. Carranza, F. Amat, M. Metallinou, M. Simo ́-Riudalbas and P. de Pous (assigned to P. r. rupestris candidate species 9 from Garcia-Porta et al. 2017 and to Pristurus rupestris BFD5 from Burriel-Carranza et al. 2024; see Table 1) [27, 28]; IBES9013 (sample code S9013; MorphoBank M849888– M849891), adult female from Wadd, 136 m asl, Eastern Hajars (North Oman), 22.53899’N, 59.36823’E, WGS84, collected in May 2011 by S. Carranza, F. Amat and E. Go ́mez-D ́ıaz (assigned to P. r. rupestris candidate species 9 from Garcia-Porta et al. 2017 and to Pristurus rupestris BFD5 from Burriel-Carranza et al. 2024; see Table 1) [27, 28]. 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Pristurus omanensis sp. nov. corresponds to a genetically highly distinct lineage of the Pristurus rupestris species complex sensu Garcia-Porta et al. (2017) [27] from the Central and Eastern Hajar Mountains (North Oman). It represents the oldest split within the Pristurus rupestris species complex, having diverged from all other species within the group around 10.8 mya (95% HPD: 8.7–12.6 mya; Fig 5). This small species of Pristurus is characterized by the combination of the following characters: (1) a maximum recorded SVL of 25.8 mm; (2) 6–8 upper labial scales; (3) 4–5 lower labial scales; (4) 3–5 small postmental scales; (5) absence of mid-dorsal enlarged scales (crest) on the body; (6) laterally compressed tail usually with conspicuous dorsal and smaller ventral enlarged scales (crest) in males, and less conspicuous (sometimes absent) in females; (7) four unique mutations in the mc1r alignment: A instead of G in position 45; T instead of C in position 438; A instead of G in position 443; T instead of G in position 510; (8) one unique mutation in the cmos alignment: A instead of G in position 260; (9) two unique mutations in the rag1 alignment: T instead of C in position 205; G instead of A in position 242; (10) four unique mutations in the rag2 alignment: A instead of G in position 17; G instead of A in position 61; G instead of A in position 67; A instead of C in position 348 (see S1 Appendix). (BURRIEL-CARRANZA et al. 2025)


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CommentSimilar species: P. ali, P. assareen, P. feulneri, and P. rupestris. 
References
  • Burriel-Carranza, B., Koppetsch, T., Tabares, J., Talavera, A., Mochales-Riaño, G., Estarellas, M., ... & Carranza, S. 2025. Cryptic speciation in arid mountains: An integrative revision of the Pristurus rupestris species complex (Squamata, Sphaerodactylidae) from Arabia based on morphological, genetic and genomic data, with the description of four new species. PLOS ONE, 20(2), e0315000
 
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